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Finding Introgression From 'Native' Stocks When Looking for Population Structure in Brown Trout (Salmo trutta)
No full textIn brown trout, population structure is the result of a combination of factors such as the geographic distance, the altitude, the hierarchy of the hydrography and the presence of physical barriers totally or partially impassable for trout. Structure can even occur within populations, because of the lack of random mating (panmixia) between individuals, which is often a consequence of stocking with exogenous fish. In this study, we aimed to evaluate fragmentation in brown trout populations of the Pedroso River (Duero basin) to assess the effect of artificial barriers in this system. Our results indicated a significant isolation of populations in the headwaters, which translates into a low genetic diversity, a small effective population size and a high rate of inbreeding. We also found an unexpected substructure in one of the downstream localities (PED-02), where the youngest individuals were genetically different. Genetic analysis confirmed that these rare individuals come from a hatchery native stock used to stocking Pedroso River. Because this stock was originated with individuals from Pedroso itself, we must consider that a strong founder effect took place. Over the years, genetic drift accentuated the genetic differentiation of this stock from the original population. From our results, we made some recommendation for the management and conservation of brown trout in the Pedroso River, based on the removal of the main barriers that isolate the upstream populations, after stopping the restocking carried out with 'native invaders' fish from the local hatcheryFunding: This work was funded by the Sociedad Pública de Infraestructuras y Medio Ambiente de Castilla y León S.A. (España)Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Wile
On són les matemàtiques en el currículum català de l'educació infantil?
No full textThis article analyses the presence of mathematics in the current Catalan curriculum for pre-school education (Decree 21/2023, of 7 February, on the organisation of pre-school education): firstly, the contents of the algebraic, numerical, spatial, measurement and stochastic senses that appear in the curriculum are presented, and then contrasted with contemporary contributions of research in early childhood mathematics educationSe analiza la presencia de las matemáticas en el currículum catalán vigente de educación infantil(Decreto 21/2023, de 7 de febrero, de ordenación de las enseñanzas de la educación infantil): en primer lugar, se exponen los saberes de los sentidos algebraico, numérico, espacial, de la medida y estocástico que figuran en el currículum y, seguidamente, se contrastan con las aportaciones contemporáneas de la investigación en educación matemática infantilS'analitza la presència de les matemàtiques en el currículum català vigent de l'educació infantil (Decret 21/2023, de 7 de febrer, d'ordenació dels ensenyaments de l'educació infantil): en primer lloc, s’exposen els sabers dels sentits algebraic, numèric, espacial, de la mesura i estocàstic que figuren en el currículum i, seguidament, es contrasten amb les aportacions contemporànies de la investigació en educació matemàtica infanti
The Impact of Travel Posts on Instagram on Users’ Travel Orientations: A Qualitative Study From Türkiye
No full textToday, social media platforms have become an important area of an influence that shapes individuals’ lifestyles in many ways. Instagram, in particular, stands out as a medium where travel and trip content, as well as many different contents related to daily life, have become widespread. Travel enthusiasts, influencers and brands use Instagram effectively to share posts about places to visit hotels, restaurants, and activities. This content can be a powerful tool that affects users’ travel preferences. With the visual appeal and discovery opportunities offered by Instagram, this content can guide individuals not only in choosing where to travel, but also in what
they will do and what kind of experience they will have in these places. In this
context, 21 participants who are different from each other in terms of
socio-economic and demographic aspects were interviewed in this study using a semi-structured in-depth interview method. When the findings obtained from the interviews were evaluated, it was determined that active Instagram users follow a travel influencer or a tour company, but they take into account the fact that influencers earn income from these contents regarding the content shared. It was revealed that Instagram travel posts were useful for Instagram users in terms of providing detailed information about places to visit, but these posts caused unhappiness in users who could not realize the trips they saw on Instagram due to the fact that the destinations they saw on Instagram did not meet their expectations or due to some material and spiritual impossibilities such as income status and time constraints
CorneCream: una nova fórmula per cuidar la pell atòpica
No full textTutor: Rafael Ferre Malagón; Centre: Institut de CelràThis research work is based on the design and the creation of a new “universal”
cream called CorneCream, which combines the main components of different creams to
improve efficacy in atopic skin. CorneCream has been created from scratch, incorporating
the most beneficial ingredients for atopic skin that have previously been studied. Two
experiments have been carried out to evaluate the moisturization that it provides, and a
marketing plan has been designed to prepare the product for commercialization. Although
the initial hypothesis has not been confirmed, as the moisturization provided by CorneCream
does not exceed that of other creams, it has demonstrated similar moisturization provided by
Eucerin and Isdin creams. In the future, if further tests are carried out and proven effective
on a large scale, this product could be a possible candidate to be on the marketAquest treball de recerca es basa en el disseny i la creació d'una nova crema "universal"
anomenada CorneCream, que combina els components principals de diferents cremes per
millorar l'eficàcia en la pell atòpica. CorneCream s'ha creat des de zero, incorporant
els ingredients més beneficiosos per a la pell atòpica que s'han estudiat prèviament. S'han dut a terme dos
experiments per avaluar la hidratació que proporciona, i s'ha dissenyat un
pla de màrqueting per preparar el producte per a la seva comercialització. Tot i que
la hipòtesi inicial no s'ha confirmat, ja que la hidratació que proporciona CorneCream
no supera la d'altres cremes, sí que ha demostrat una hidratació similar que proporcionen
les cremes Eucerin i Isdin. En el futur, si es duen a terme més proves i es demostra la seva eficàcia
a gran escala, aquest producte podria ser un possible candidat per estar al mercatTreball premiat en la categoria de treballs de recerca en l'àmbit de ciències de la 26a edició dels Premis a Treballs de Recerca d'Estudiants de Batxillerat, atorgats pel Consell Social de la Ud
Decision-Making in Emergency Foster Care: An Insider Perspective on Current Practices and Possibilities for Change
No full textEmergency foster care is a protection measure for children who are in a situation of abuse and/or neglect or at imminent risk of it that requires an assessment to make a decision. In Catalonia (Spain), emergency foster care placements are designed for children aged 0-6 and can last up to a maximum of 6 months. This study explores decision-making factors influencing (i) the length of time a child is in emergency foster care; (ii) the child's transition to a new home; and (iii) the support needs of those involved in these placements. A qualitative method was employed, gathering perspectives from key stakeholders (social workers, foster and adoptive families and a care-experienced youth) through five focus groups and two interviews (N = 24), followed by content analysis. The findings indicate that emergency foster care frequently exceeds the legally established 6-month limit. Recommendations include improving case assessments to ensure that placement in emergency foster care is really the best option for the child and, above all, to shorten its duration. It is also worth reflecting on the relationship established between the child and the emergency foster carers after the emergency placement ends, to prevent children from feeling that they are being abandoned againResearch funding: Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca [Generalitat de Catalunya]. Grant Number: 2022 FISDU 00247Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Wile
Reversible Substrate-Specific Photocontrol of the Chemotherapeutic Asparaginase(-Glutaminase) from Escherichia coli
No full textPhotoswitchable unnatural amino acids are valuable engineering tools in biotechnology, particularly for the reversible control of enzymes with light. Here, we explore some basic principles of this protein engineering technique to simplify its approach and increase its success rate. To this end, we have selected Escherichia coli type II asparaginase (EcAII), which is a prominent chemotherapeutic enzyme that is limited by detrimental side effects associated with its promiscuous glutaminase activity. Incorporation of phenylalanine-4′-azobenzene (AzoF) combined with extensive biophysical characterizations identified two light-sensitive variants, in which glutamine hydrolysis could be reversibly (de)activated up to 9-fold, whereas asparaginase hydrolysis was only marginally light-responsive. Computationally determined conformational landscapes elucidated this substrate-specificity of photocontrol defining a clear engineering principle: An exchange between less and more productive states at the active site helps AzoF to reshape the conformational landscape and makes enzymes more susceptible toward photocontrol. Moreover, our findings mark EcAII-AzoF variants as potential chemotherapeutic precursorsThis project has received funding from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft to A.H. (KN 1462/2-1) and was supported by the Generalitat de Catalunya for the consolidated group TCBioSys (SGR 2021 00487), Spanish MICIN for grant projects PID2021-129034NB-I00 and PDC2022-133950-I00. S.O. is grateful to the funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (ERC-2022-CoG-101088032, ERC-2022-POC-101112805, and ERC-2023-POC-101158166), and the Human Frontier Science Program (HFSP) for project grant RGP0054/2020. C.D. was supported by the Spanish MINECO for a PhD fellowship (PRE2019-089147
Efectividad de un programa de actividad física en montaña para el control glucémico y prevención del pie diabético. Proyecto de investigación
No full textType 2 diabetes mellitus is one of the metabolic pathologies with the greatest
increase in incidence in the 21st century, frequently associated with a sedentary
lifestyle, an unbalanced diet, and overweight. It accounts for more than 95% of
diagnosed cases. Adopting a healthy lifestyle, including regular physical activity,
is recognized as essential for its prevention and treatment. In this context, there
has been growing interest in exercise in natural environments such as the
mountains, given its physical and psychological benefits. However, this practice
presents challenges for people with diabetes due to the limited scientific evidence
on glycemic control and injury prevention in this setting.
Objective: The primary objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of a
mountaineering physical activity program on glycemic control and foot self-care
in sedentary individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It also aims to analyze
participants' perceptions of safety and self-confidence in managing their diabetes
in mountain environments, as well as to explore possible gender differences in
outcomes.
Methodology: A quasi-experimental study with a longitudinal approach will be
conducted. The sample will be selected through consecutive non-probability
sampling among people with type 2 DM treated by the Ripoll Health Center. Data
collection will include a blood draw to measure HbA1c levels and an adapted 55-
item questionnaire assessing individual characteristics, exercise habits, self-care
knowledge, and mountain physical activity. The intervention will consist of a 12-
session program—six theoretical and six practical—aimed at training participants
to practice mountaineering safely and appropriately for their condition. Five
months after completing the program, a second blood draw will be performed to
measure HbA1c levels, and the initial questionnaire will be repeated to assess
changes in glucose levels, self-care, and mountain physical activity
Efectividad de una intervención educativa grupal sobre la percepción de violencia obstétrica y la salud mental posparto. Proyecto de investigación no finalizado
No full textObstetric violence, a form of gender-based violence, violates the human rights of women during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period. It is expressed through practices such as non-consensual interventions, dehumanizing treatment, and physical or verbal abuse, affecting both the mother and the newborn. Its causes are multifactorial, and its consequences can have long-lasting effects on women's physical and emotional health. Nurses play a key role in its prevention by promoting respectful, woman-centered care.
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a group educational intervention to improve the emotional and psychological well-being of postpartum women.
The study will be a multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial with pre- and post-intervention measurements in two parallel groups. It will be conducted in four ASSIR centers in the Territorial Area of Gironès–Pla de l’Estany, with a convenience sample of 60 women. The study will analyze how clinical and sociodemographic variables influence outcomes, as well as the perception of obstetric violence and fear of childbirth before and after the intervention. It will also examine changes in anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress related to the childbirth experience, and the relationship between the perception of obstetric violence and postpartum mental health. Additionally, participants’ satisfaction with the intervention will be assessed. Validated questionnaires such as the PCL-5, DASS-21, and the Childbirth Fear Questionnaire (CFQ) will be used to evaluate participants' mental health and well-being. The study will adhere to ethical principles, ensuring confidentiality and obtaining informed consent. Data will be analyzed using descriptive and comparative statistical techniques to assess the effectiveness of the interventionPremi millor Treball Fi de Grau en Infermeria amb perspectiva de Gènere3
Electrocardiografia al teu abast
No full textGuia clara y concisa per entendre la interpretació de l’electrocardiograma (ECG). Aquest llibre aborda des dels fonaments de electrofisiologia cel·lular cardíaca fins a la valoració sistemàtica de l’ECG, usant una anàlisi seqüencial de les ones, complexos, segments i intervals. Amb una estructura didàctica i accessible, ofereix una explicació detallada sobre l’activitat elèctrica del cor, la seva transmissió i les possibles alteracions, ajudant el lector a identificar patrons normals i patològics amb precisió. Dissenyat tant per a estudiants com per a professionals de la salut, amb un llenguatge senzill i exemples pràctics, “Electrocardiografia al teu abast” esdevé una eina indispensable per a tots aquells que vulguin dominar la interpretació de l’ECG amb seguretat i eficaci
L’alquímia de la felicitat: la veritable felicitat i la filosofia d' Al-Ghazālī
No full textAl-Ghazālī defensa una concepció del coneixement on la filosofia i la teologia es necessiten mútuament per aconseguir la veritable felicitat. Aquest treball té com a objectiu comprendre què entén aquest filòsof musulmà pel concepte de felicitat i com la seva proposta filosòfico-teològica és clau. A través de L’alquímia de la felicitat, es treballa com Al-Ghazālī concep la felicitat com un estat que neix a partir de l’autoconeixement, la purificació de l’ànima i la connexió amb Déu. Tot i l’etapa de crisi vital que va patir, l’autor reafirma la
importància de la filosofia quan aquesta camina de la mà de la fe. El treball inclou també una breu comparativa amb Al-Fārābī, que ens permet veure dues perspectives diferents dins la tradició islàmica sobre la relació entre raó, fe i plenitud humanaAl-Ghazālī advocates a conception of knowledge in which philosophy and theology mutually depend on each other to achieve true happiness. This study aims to understand what this Muslim philosopher means by the concept of happiness and how his philosophical-theological proposal is key. Through The Alchemy of Happiness, it explores how Al-Ghazālī conceives happiness as a state that arises from self-knowledge, the purification of the soul, and connection with God. Despite the personal crisis he experienced, the author reaffirms the importance of philosophy when it walks hand in hand with faith. The study also includes a brief comparison with Al-Fārābī, allowing us to see two different perspectives within the Islamic tradition regarding the relationship between reason, faith, and human fulfillment