UPLanD - Journal of Urban Planning, Landscape & environmental Design
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Archaeological heritage and anthropized contexts: limits and opportunities
No full textThe highly stratified nature of Mediterranean cities, if on the one hand contributes to the construction of an image with remarkable historical and artistic values, on the other it makes their reading and understanding more complex. The relationship between archaeology and the context, especially urban, has many variables and problems related both to the mode of use of the user/citizen as well as the need for transformation and growth of the city itself. Archaeological heritage is not a sort of “reserve” that is separated from the context. On the contrary, it is necessary to work to reduce the gap that often exists between everyday reality and the reality of the asset, the result of years of isolation policies.This contribution, from the research-project experiences matured by the author, proposes an hypothesis of “enriched” path in which cultural heritage, in particular archaeological, are put to system with the context of belonging. The sustainable use of cultural resources and the concept of “selecting” the most significant goods in relation to the path to be realized, are the main ideas of the proposed considerations as well as Accessibility, comfort and safety concepts of the visit are the strategic points of a fruition project to be developed starting from the user’s needs and in compliance with the environmental and technological compatibility of the asset to be protected
Diachronic analysis of the settlement structure in areas of hydraulic hazard: the case study of the municipality of L’Aquila
Full text linkThe themes of risk mitigation regardless of its nature, together with that of increased urban resilience and adaptation to climate change, now define crucial issues in the political agendas of public administrations. While on the one hand the extreme fragility of the Italian territory represents the invariant aspect of the problem, however on the other hand, the lack of an integrated and organic approach to the theme has sharpened over time the effects on the anthropization of environments. The potentially calamitous events, which follow one another with a reoccurrence within a few years, denounce the weaknesses of the Italian settlement each time, often with dramatic consequences in economic terms and with the loss of many lives. The current national settlement structure derives from a poor cogency of the vast area planning, which has given the municipalities more and more decision-making powers on the territorial transformations. Adding to this is the lack of a full awareness and perception of the risk on the part of the social component, which therefore has generated a substantial indifference towards the multiplicity of natural hazards and increasing their exposure to risk. The objective of the work is to therefore reconstruct the evolution of the settlement in the areas characterized by a high hydraulic hazard in the municipality of L’Aquila, before and after the approval of the F.D.E.P. (Flood Defense Excerpt Plan) that occurred in 2008, also in light of the transformative dynamics induced by the earthquake of the following year. The punctual analysis of the structural and functional characteristics of urban fabrics and of the environmental context also makes it possible to provide targeted indications aimed at mitigating risk in such areas
Landscape requalification of landfills: an open issue between legal and technical aspects
No full textThe functional requalification of a modern landfill over the aftercare phase represents a landscape challenge since, in addition to technical and legal problems (also common to other waste management plants), long-term emissions must be taken into account. In fact, if for plants such as incinerators or composting after the operational phase an environmental recovery can be considered full, safe and healthy usable for the society in a relatively short period of time (1-5 years), for landfills the achievement of a sustainable and stable state of waste may require, a time much longer than that of the post-closure phase even for modern landfills (30 years). This state known as “final storage” refers to the quality reached by emissions and waste in chemical, biological and geological terms when all active control measures can be safely removed and it represents the necessary condition to guarantee the landfill requalification and its return back to the community with a new planned use as natural, recreational, didactic and social ones. Also, principles of landscape planning such as the specific legislation, the costs analysis and the territory analysis must be considered
The Archaeological and Natural park of Cuma in the Phlegraean Fields: a planning proposal
No full textThe main theme of the research and planning is the Archaeological-Natural Park of Cuma-Licola, located between Pozzuoli and Bacoli. The park includes the archaeological site of Cuma, the first Greek colonial settlement in the West, and the forest of Licola, a natural reserve and Site of Community Importance. Alongside the dense fabric of archaeological evidence, the natural system plays a fundamental role, both for the transmission of the heritage of antiquity preserved there to future generations, and for the improvement of the environment quality. In this context, the Park system could curb the spread of unauthorized building, a phenomenon that is historically rooted in the study area, and it could represent an opportunity for the restoration of the abandoned areas. The lack of a unified and integrated planning for the archaeological sites in the area of Campi Flegrei has made these places, which are already subject by their nature to complex balances, very fragile. In this specific case, the inadequacy of timely interventions to secure the ancient structures has caused them further damage. Moreover, due to the inadequate system of connection with the nearest tourism clusters, the site is now isolated and difficult to reach. Through a rigorous methodology, the project aims at the restoration and enhancement of the Park, considering its historical, environmental and social relevance, its attractive potential and the significant economic impact that these actions could produce
Reconsideration of hydraulic devices towards a mutual adjustment into the adaptive processes for contemporary city
No full textAt this historic moment, marked by environmental, economic, social and not least ethical crisis, the contemporary city is affected by the co-existence and the interaction of a set of risk conditions, amplified by ongoing climate change even more. At the national and international level, one of the increased emerging critical issues is the urban water management, both in terms of resource scarcity and hydraulic and hydrogeological soils fragility. Then, of course, there are the need and the urgency to promote integrated actions related to resilient urban regeneration (Holling & Gunderson, 2002; Walker et al., 2004; Folke et al., 2010; Miller et al., 2010; Davoudi, 2012, 2013), starting both identity-making data and endogenous spatial characteristic. Moreover, this process will have to be tackled within the framework of a more general reinterpretation about the idea of urban metabolism (Wolman, 1965; Duvigneaud e Denayer-De Smet, 1977; Acebillo, 2013; Balducci, Fedeli, Curci, 2017), that acquires the resources and chains reconsideration as a representative priority. This contribution is intended to represent a possible line of thought about the role that green and blue infrastructures can take, or they are already taking, in some virtuous cases within the rewriting process of contemporary urban physiology. This procedure starting from the recognition of a potential structure able to reinterpret the urban materials, to enhance the new resources and to rephrase the intersection, opposition and overlapping links peculiar to the heterogeneity of urban landscapes
Measuring the impact of a slow regeneration process: the HLH Pl@ce index
No full textSlow regeneration is a kind of regeneration which take into account the need of people first and is aimed at changing the places slowly in order to co-create the both new identity of place and its healthy use with and for people according with the times of participation. On the other hand, nowadays, new tools are used in order to support the knowledge of places. The emergence of internet as a medium of communication has opened up spaces and their users to new meanings and uses, including different approach to citizen participation such as community hubs, network thinking and social networks. The introduction of new technologies has had numerous hits on the deepening of the study of the territory. Indeed, the study on these topics is growing although not still framed in a systematic way in the urban planning and design disciplines. Starting from these premises, the adaptation of an original method of urban analysis and design to an emblematic case study will be illustrated. The case study of slow regeneration concerns the city of Pompeii – South of Italy – in the framework of both Smart@Pompei project and Civitates Pompeii asset with the itinerant event Jazz.it Festival Pompeii. Furthermore, a new index - the HLH Pl@ce index - to specifically measure the impact of Jazz.it event will be proposed
English
No full textAmong the research and experimentation paths about urban regeneration, the environmental issues have stimulated new ways of action, not only in terms of defence and preservation of the resources, but also in terms of proactive urban and territorial resilience strategies. These strategies merge an eco-landscape perspective, as well as morphological, functional and infrastructural ones in a complex, integrated and non-sectoral design dimension, toward a model of urban resilience that is considered a relevant operational reference, but also a significant collective value, on which to re-establish not only the forms of the urban landscape but also the sense of the collective use of spaces. In this context, the most advanced national policies in Germany and France, overcome the concept of ecological networks towards the concept of green infrastructure, a multifunctional network based on natural capital and ecosystem services. Green infrastructure is configured as a “resilient frame” for the prevention and mitigation of hydrogeological risks and adaptation to climate change, a structure for saving and recycling water resources, and a matrix of public spaces. This concept heads toward a holistic interpretation of water management issues. The case studies of the Ruhr Valley and the Seine Valley show emblematic water management strategies that face the complex challenges of environmental and socio-economic regeneration of some relevant European industrial urban areas giving important opportunities to drive territories beyond crisis and urban planning toward new operational references and collective values
Dutch waterscapes and collaborative climate strategies
No full textDutch landscape is mainly a landscape of water, both in its urban and rural component; it is a landscape that has considered the resilience as its foundational feature as it is modelled and transformed in relation to the management of environmental risks and of climate change. Dutch landscape is conformed through an urban design and various strategies that desire not only to face the main risks but, above all, to anticipate climate change by integrating them into the future strategic vision. In the city of Rotterdam there is a strong interest in realizing some action selected by the Municipal Program on Sustainability and Climate Change; this interest is stimulated across social and economic stakeholders that are deeply involved in the opportunities offered by the climate strategies’ implementation. Dutch people are agree that the climate change problems must be dealt with consciously and with the full participation of the population; Rotterdam is becoming resilient not just by fortifying its defences to a changing climate and rising seas, but also by building a more cohesive and inclusive society. Resilience thinking is being incorporated in the policymaking and initiatives across all domains of city government, including across social, physical and economical programs. The Climate Collaborative is an approach developed in the city of Rotterdam with the aim to reverse climate change, both on their own and by working together; it is an approach developed in some climate strategies and in various school program that stimulate the Rotterdammer since an early age. The Dutch education system aims to raise children’s awareness so that they can refine their behavior with growth and be examples of best practices and smart communities
Relations between green infrastructures and surface water management. A study concerning two towns in Sardinia, Italy.
No full textIn all the world, cities have facing challenges connected with extreme weather phenomena. The complexity, which characterizes urban areas, requires an integrated and interdisciplinary approach to define policies and strategies to manage this kind of problems. Urban green infrastructure, and in general, green infrastructure, may represent a concrete and sustainable approach to face problems concerning surface water management, entailing economic and environmental benefits. Sustainable urban drainage concerns techniques and technologies, considered more sustainable than conventional solutions, used to drain superficial water deriving from meteorological events. Despite the numerous advantages of sustainable urban drainage systems and urban green infrastructure, their use is still limited within urban areas and local plans pay little attention to these unconventional approaches. From this context, the study aims at analyzing the implementation of sustainable urban drainage systems and urban green infrastructure within municipal masterplans in order to understand if and to what extent these approaches are included within spatial planning at the local level. In particular, the study analyses the municipal masterplans of two Sardinian municipalities that have recently approved their plan
Adaptation, ecosystem-based regeneration and rainwater management. The case of Berlin
Full text linkFacing with new global and climate change scenarios many European cities are developing strategies in order to adapt to changes. At the same time they try to ensure room for growth within environmental limits. New needs stand out requiring the search for a dynamic balance between growth and adaptation of urban contexts at risk. Middle and northern European context, especially exposed to damaging effects of flooding, show important advances in adaptation policies with experiments on local scale. These countries are setting up regenerative strategies of urban growth within environmental limits. It means a careful use of resources thanks to an adaptation via rainwater management policies. At both strategic and project levels, the use of an ecosystem-based approach stands out and uses, at different scales, nature-based solutions (NBS) for the adaptation and management of water resources. At the same time opportunities offered by adaptation are exploited to run an urban regeneration that allows urban growth.The article investigates the adaptive and stormwater management strategies of Berlin and their application on the study case of Physics Institute of Humboldt University, part of the regeneration of Adlershof district, discussing how to import it by a methodological and process-based point of view