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Motivations from Kartarpur Corridor: Importance of secular identity in religious democracies like Pakistan
Get PDFAbstract. The case presents the importance of space for secular voices within a religious democracy like Pakistan where laws present the facilitation of Islamic religion but in larger ambit of secular motivations identified by old British Raj. Based on a multicultural and postmodern motivations that come with globalization and its technology orientation, democracy that is itself a contemporary solution for multi ethnic and multi sectarian co-existence demands that local interpretation of law should then be generalized towards secular stream of application that promotes material and religious empowerment without discrimination. Development of Kartarpur Corridor to facilitate millions from Sikh community who reside outside Pakistan and especially in India to visit their most holy shrines placed in Pakistan is a very valid example where religious identity other than Islam in Muslim majority Pakistan is given due importance so that the borders between the two countries, that spend most of the time being hostile to each other (Mamoon & Murshed, 2010), immaterial to make up global citizenship into a local one.Keywords. Democracy, Secular identity.JEL. A10, A14, B29
Relationships among school service qualities, innovation management and student retention via school image: The case of public junior-high schools in Taoyuan City, Taiwan
Get PDFAbstract. This study investigates the causal relationships among service quality, innovation management, organization image, and student retention for public junior high schools. Empirical results indicate that school image mediates the relationships between the antecedents (school service quality and innovation management) and student retention, moreover the relationships between innovation management and student retention are much stronger in comparison. School service quality has a stronger direct effect on student retention than through school image. Regarding innovation management, the indirect through school image is stronger than the direct effect to student retention.Keywords. Market orientation, School service qualities, School innovation management, School image, School student retention, Recursive model.JEL. A21, I20, O30
An analysis of Qatar and Dubai’s Currency Board (1966-1973)
Get PDFAbstract. We first analyze the orthodoxy of the Qatar and Dubai Currency Board (1966-1973) through analysis of legislation and statistical tests based on balance sheet data. We then compare an analysis of economic factors such as wage growth, inflation rate, etc. during the currency board period to the post-currency board period. We also provide the history of the currency board’s issue of notes. A companion spreadsheet workbook shows the board’s note issue, balance sheet, and other data in machine-readable form.Keywords. Qatar, Dubai, currency board.JEL. E59, N25
Competition between basic and applied research in the organizational behaviour of public research labs
Get PDFAbstract. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the competition between basic and applied research within public research organizations. International publications are considered here a proxy of basic research, whereas self-financing deriving from technology transfer activities is an indicator of applied research. Results suggest, within one of the largest European research organizations an increasing competition between basic and applied research, both in human and natural sciences, due to shrinking of public research lab budgets. In particular, institutes and scientists pay more attention to applied research activities, which are capable of attracting market funds for economic survival of public research labs but this organizational behaviour reduces basic research activity in the long run. Managerial and organizational behaviour of public research organizations are also discussed.Keywords. Applied research, Basic research, Public research organization, Public lab, Science policy, Organizational behaviour, Public management.JEL. B50, B59, I23, L20, L29, O33
Energy, CO2s and water on the African Continent
Get PDFAbstract. African nations share a common situation in that they pollute little in terms of CO2s globally speaking, but at the same time global warming will likely have terrible consequences for the continent, set to face a sharp population increase. They have now access to few energy resources, which is conducive to their poverty. New renewables belong to the future (solar, wind, geo-thermal), whereas old renewables -wood, coal-– are a thing of the past. The coal or oil and gas dependent giants must start energy transformation, as must the many countries relying upon traditional biomass, or charcoal. The use of wood coal is simply too large for the survival of the African forests. Africa need lots of energy to handle the coming crisis ofpotable water, as lakes and rivers are shrinking and degraded by pollution, dams and overfishing. Keywords. African energy and CO2 emissions, Fresh and clean water, Lakes and rivers, New and old renewables, Coal or oil and gas dependency, Super Fund.JEL. N70, O13, Q40
New Zealand’s early monetary history and the colonial bank of issue, 1840-1856
Get PDFAbstract. This paper explores New Zealand’s early monetary history, examining its colonization and the events leading up to the establishment of the Colonial Bank of Issue, an early currency board. It describes the operations of the bank during its six-year stint as the colony’s sole note issuer. An accompanying spreadsheet workbook contains the statistics of the Colonial Bank of Issue.Keywords. New Zealand, Colonial Bank of Issue, Currency board, George Grey.JEL. E59, N17
