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Gender parity index in primary school in rural India: An analysis
Get PDFAbstract. Patriarchal forces have imposed many subjective norms on girls in achieving education mainly in rural India. Initially on the basis of 2011 Census report of India, the rural population dominated districts of 16 major states of India are identified. Next we have tried to identify the possible factors which can influence Gender Parity Index (GPI) during the time of enrolment in primary education in rural India. Due to disparity in socio-cultural factors across india, which can possibly influence girl’s enrolment in primary school, we have divided India into four zones. This paper on the basis of DISE statistics have found that school development grant influences GPI in Eastern, Western and Southern zones and teaching learning material grant influence GPI value in Eastern and Western zone and also encourages overall enrolment of children in Northern zone in rural schools. It is also found that increased female teacher positively influences GPI value in primary school enrolment in Eastern and Southern zone of India. Reduced pupil-teacher ratio has positive impact on girls enrolment in primary school mainly in Eastern, Western and Southern zone of India. Availibility of mid day meal in school has positively influenced GPI value in primary school enrolment in Eastern, Western and Southern zone of India and also have positive impact in increasing overall enrolment in rural primary schools in Northern zone of India. Female literacy and overall literacy have positive influence GPI in Eastern zone of India. Provision for specialised toilet for girl child has also motivated parents to enrol their girl child to primary school mainly in Eastern, Western and Southern zone of India.Keywords. Patriarchal society, Gender discrimination, Gender parity index, DISE statistics, Panel data regression model, Gross enrolment ratio.JEL. C33, I24, I38, J12, J16, R12
Forecasting volatility of gold: Comparison of Turkish gold and equity markets’ risk profile
Get PDFAbstract. Predicting price changes of a commodity thus, forecasting volatility thereof have significant importance for the risk measurement purpose. Perception is that the highly volatile assets overreact more under stressed market conditions, cause excessive volatility and are traded with a discount. In this paper, we evaluated volatility structure of gold and equity markets in Turkey with GARCH volatility modeling methodology, an extended version of ARCH model. Comparison of volatility clustering and overall risk profile of both markets was made. The results show that persistence exists in the volatility process and current conditional volatility of gold prices is significantly impacted by its own past shocks and volatility. The results also confirms the volatility clustering that high volatilities are likely to be pursued by high ones and vice versa in both gold and equity markets. Parallel to literature finding, gold is a diversification instrument because of its low correlation with stock markets and its low risk profile feature induced with low volatilities in gold markets than equity markets.Keywords. Gold, Equity, Volatility, Risk.JEL. G10, G11, G15
Does social development increase the happiness level? Evidence from global panel data
Get PDFAbctract. This study attempts to examine the links between social development and happiness. Social development plays a very important role in increasing the level of happiness. Social development leads to better education, health and more economic growth. The analysis is captured by employing panel data of 125 countries over the period 2014-2018. The empirical analysis is based on Fixed Effects Method (FEM), Random Effects Method (REM), Instrumental Variable Fixed Effects Method (IVFE), Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) and Driscoll-Kraay Standard Errors. The empirical analysis demonstrates that social development has a positive impact on happiness. The study suggests that government should encourage such projects, which enhance the level of social development.Keywords. Happiness, Social development.JEL. D63, I30, I31
Debt-output gap nexus in Nigeria: Does inflationary pressure matter?
Get PDFAbstract. The study examined the impact of external debt on economic growth in Nigeria using Extended Hausman Rodrick Valesco growth diagnostic framework and Three Gap Model. Annual time series data sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin between 1981-2018 was regressed using the Augmented Dickey Fuller test (ADF) to check the stationary properties of the series, and the Engel-Granger Co-integration test to estimate the long-run relationship of the variables. The results show that external debt had negative impact on the Nigerian economy.Keywords. External debt, Economic growth, Economic development, Johansen Cointegration, Time series models, Nigeria.JEL. F34, F43, F63, C01
Motivations of scientific research in society
Get PDFAbstract. Science discovers the root causes of phenomena to explain and predict them in a context of adaptation of life to new economic and social bases, whereas scientific research is a systematic process, applying methods of scientific inquiry, to solve consequential problems, to satisfy human wants, to take advantage of important opportunities and/or to cope with environmental threats. This study shows that scientific research reflects social climate in which it is carried out and it is driven by social and economic interests of nations to achieve power, wealth creation, technological superiority, productivity growth, etc. A main implication of this study is scientific research is performed by nations to take advantage of important opportunities and/or to cope with environmental threats, such as in war. The empirical evidence seems in general to support the sources of scientific research described here. However, these conclusions are of course tentative. There is need for much more detailed theoretical and empirical research into the relations between science, society, economy and historical motivations.Keywords. Science progress, Scientific research, Wealth creation, Historical motivations, Social power, Economic war potential, Scientific superiority, Technological superiority, Basic research, Economics of science, Science & technology, R&D investments, Labor productivity.JEL. N30, O30, O31, I23
Service learning and alumni-granted industry-academic collaborations
Get PDFAbstract. Service learning students can be seen as customers that make consumption for learning experiences from the service products. Service is hard to capture, and service production relies on the interaction between the user and the provider for simultaneous co-production. Also, knowledge and learning is difficult to procure, as it is intangible and rarely transmitted unless the consumer has specific needs that are not being adequately met by the provider. Incorporating the customer in innovation leads to novel ideas for service and also verifies the acceptance and usability of the service. To capture customer knowledge, the employee (and, by extension, firm) awareness of customer needs should be treated as the first priority.Keywords. Service-learning, Higher education, Academic collaborations Southeast Asia.JEL. M10, M14
Study on the theoretical framework of monopoly capital school and its comparison with Minsky theory
Get PDFAbstract. Global financial crisis which broke out in 2008 triggered the great recession of the global economy, making the non-mainstream Monopoly Capital School of economics rise to fame. The mainstream economics attributed the crisis to the different external shocks and policy errors. On the contrary, Monopoly Capital School focused on the process of capital accumulation under the stage of monopoly capitalism, and offered perspective on inherent instability defects of capitalism. Based on teasing out the theoretical framework of Monopoly Capital School, this paper analyzed the standpoints, views and methods of monopoly capitalism through comparing the theory with Minsky theory, not only contributing to the understanding the instability defects of capitalism, but also contributing to the thinking of the future direction of capitalism.Keywords. Monopoly capital, Capital accumulation, Economic surplus, Economic stagnation, Financialization.JEL. D42, L12