Scientificia (E-Journals)
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Mapping Entrepreneurial Ecosystem (EE) of Palestine
Full text linkIn recent years, the role of entrepreneurs and micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) has gained attention, especially in developing economies. They contribute to productivity growth, job creation, and promotion of innovation and business internationalization. There is an increasing number of entrepreneurial actors within regional economies, so it is essential to shift from focusing on specific activities involved in entrepreneurship to a more holistic understanding of the environment in which entrepreneurs and MSMEs are operating, the so-called entrepreneurial ecosystem (EE). In Palestine, due to the limited resources and the high unemployment rate, entrepreneurship has become a national priority and an opportunity for wealth-seeking individuals. Mapping EE of Palestine is considered a basis for managing and evaluating conditions and performance of Entrepreneurship. Investigation of the elements of EE in Palestine has been built based on Isenberg's (2011) domains: conductive policy, markets, capital, human skills, culture, and supports. The investigation shows that Palestine is yet under development and in the infancy stage. The efforts by governmental authorities to support MSMEs are limited, coupled with a poor business market, the ineffectiveness of the credit market, and the limited role of supporting institutions working in Palestine. The national culture also obstructs the performance of entrepreneurship because of its deep-rooted traditions. Furthermore, there is a gap between traditional education and what it should be to improve entrepreneurial skills. A pyramid structure of activities executed by different actors according to their impact and influence is recommended to improve EE.
Research pape
Keywords: Entrepreneurial Ecosystem; Palestine; MSME; Finance; Human Capital; Culture
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Karaki, F. J. (2021). Mapping Entrepreneurial Ecosystem (EE) of Palestine. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 9(2), 174–217
A Business Typology for Luxury Consumption in an Inconspicuous Way: A Proposed Model
Full text linkTo date, luxury consumption-related research has primarily focused on conspicuous consumption and counterfeit consumption behaviour. Investigation into the influence of inconspicuous consumption behaviour is limited. This study explores the factors that influence consumers’ purchase intention towards subtle luxury fashion goods or inconspicuous consumption behaviour. This paper examines a Triandis model that clarifies the consumers' purchase intention of subtle luxury fashion goods. A systematic literature review was used to conduct a database search. Articles published from 2010 to 2020 were considered, and 49 studies were key factors influencing consumers’ inconspicuous consumption behaviour. This review highlights how consumers’ inconspicuous luxury consumption is based on attitudinal, social, and affective factors. Furthermore, two moderators, namely perceived knowledge and habit, were identified. These moderators might close the relationship gap between consumers' purchase intention of subtle luxury fashion products and their actual buying behaviour to these subtle products. This paper may encourage future scholars to study inconspicuous consumption-related studies. Furthermore, this paper may have practical implications that may benefit luxury marketers, luxury owners, and luxury retailers.
Research paper
Keywords: Inconspicuous consumption; Triandis model; Theory of Interpersonal Behaviour; Subtle luxury fashion products; purchase intention
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Ting, M. S., Goh, Y. N., & Isa, S. M. (2021). A Business Typology for Luxury Consumption in an Inconspicuous Way: A Proposed Model. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 9(2), 1–38.  
What Drives Organizations to Start a Cross-sector Partnership? A Review on Typologies and Dimensions
Full text linkDue to the importance of cross-sector partnerships (CSPs) in today’s world on the one hand and the diversity of the research done in this field, a need for comprehensive frameworks about this practical phenomenon is felt. The main purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive view about drivers of cross-sector partnership to help all actors from government, business, and nonprofit sectors to recognize the big picture of the initial stage of a successful CSP. Although this paper is not a pure literature review article, but a literature review is used as a tool to find all relevant factors which influence starting a CSP. This paper categorizes all these factors into five types of drivers and motives, including main drivers, secondary drivers, partner selection drivers, organizational factors, and contextual factors. Proposing the above-mentioned framework for CSPs drivers is the main novelty of the current paper, and due to its potential to be used both in academia and practices related to CSPs, this framework can be the starting point for many other research policy-making initiatives. On the other hand, CSP partners can also use it to make wiser decisions on building a partnership with other sectors.
Research paper
Keywords: Cross-Sector Partnership; Typologies; Drivers of Partnership; Partner Selection; Cross-Sector Partnerships’ Antecedents
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Sharafi Farzad, F., Amran, A., Salamzadeh, Y., & Hafezolkotob, A. (2021). What drives organizations to start a cross-sector partnership? A review on typologies and dimensions. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 9(1), 121–162.  
Local People Hospitality at Tourism Destination: A Study of Tokyo Metropolitan Train Customers
Full text linkThis study analyses Tokyo metropolitan train customers' response to a foreigner’s request for help, analyses the motives of the response relates to Japanese culture, and finally analyses the influence of metropolitan life on local consumers hospitality relating to their response for a small help from foreigners. The research uses a qualitative approach. As many as 25 people (informants) at several points of the city of Tokyo accidentally were asked for a small help to support a foreigner to guide or at least to give information on directions, such as the name of places, stations, train directions and building/offices. Data collection was conducted in the Metropolitan Tokyo area from 1 December to 5 December 2015. For data analysis purposes, expert interviews had also been conducted with 2 Japanese who stay temporarily in Jakarta and 2 Indonesian who have lived in Japan. Results of the study indicated that most people (23 out of 25) responded positively to a foreigner’s request for help. The study indicates that train customers in metropolitan Tokyo are helpful and friendly to foreigners, despite their busy and tight schedules. Hospitality value is embedded in Japanese culture.
Research paper
Keywords: Metropolitan train customers; Local people hospitality; Tourism destination; Japanese culture; Metropolitan’s life
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Bastaman, A., & Yodfianfinda, Y. (2021). Local People Hospitality at Tourism Destination: A Study of Tokyo Metropolitan Train Customers. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 9(2), 96–112.  
The Relationship between Oil Palm Expansion and Income Inequality in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Thailand: International Trade Insights
Full text linkThis study aims to explore the relationship between the expansion of oil palm plantations and income inequality in Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and the Philippines. The relationship was investigated using panel data analysis from 2000 to 2019. The results indicate a mixed effect of palm oil expansion on inequality, in which land use for oil palm farming has a significant and negative effect on income inequality as measured by the Gini Index. However, fertilizer consumption and yield in oil palm activities have positive relationships with income inequality. This suggests the importance of supporting equal access to both financing and capacity building. Lastly, this study presents scenarios with and without government intervention.
Research paper
Keywords: Palm Oil; Expansion; Inequality; International Trade; Data Panel
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Hasudungan. A., & Raeskyesa, D. G. S. (2021). The Relationship between Oil Palm Expansion and Income Inequality in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Thailand: International Trade Insights. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 9(2), 72–95
Exploring Entrepreneurial Framework Conditions in Libya: A National Experts’ Perspective
Full text linkIn light of studying the entrepreneurial ecosystem in Libya, this paper aims at exploring entrepreneurial framework conditions (EFCs) that can play a role in the development of entrepreneurship and enhancement of entrepreneurial activities. EFCs that investigated include: entrepreneurial finance, government policy, government entrepreneurship programmes, entrepreneurship education and training, R&D transfer, commercial and legal infrastructure, entry regulation, physical infrastructure, and cultural and social norms. Relevant topics to entrepreneurship were also investigated. Amongst them are: entrepreneurship and youth, wellbeing, interest in innovation, attention to high growth, women's support to start-up, intellectual property rights, entrepreneur social image, and abilities, knowledge and opportunities to start-up. The methodology followed is based on the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor's methodology. The main source of data was national expert's survey, through conducting interviews with 36 national experts in fields related to entrepreneurship. This is in order to having their perspectives on relevant EFCs and others. This paper provides one of the first entrepreneurship and innovation research on Libya. It illustrates, in details, figures and perceptions on EFCs in a business environment of post-conflict country. It has been concluded that the most unfavourable conditions for entrepreneurial activity in Libya are entrepreneurship education and training, government programmes, and R&D transfer. Whereas the most favourable ones are physical infrastructure, internal market-dynamic and commercial infrastructure, respectively. Overall, this paper offered one glimpse into nature of EFCs in Libya that may help researchers, practitioners and policy-makers understand possible improvement opportunities for EFCs, with clarifications on challenges that Libya may face to improve EFCs.
Research paper
Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Libya; Innovation; Entrepreneurial Framework Conditions; and Entrepreneurial Ecosystem
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Omar, A., Ali, F., & Imhamed, S. (2020). Exploring Entrepreneurial Framework Conditions in Libya: A National Experts’ Perspective, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 8(1), 15–53
Consumer Environmental Awareness, Attitude and Behavior: Case Study of a Higher Education Institution
Full text linkConsumers play a pivotal role in the efficiency program of energy which supports the environmental friendly consumption for environmental sustainability. The energy generation depends on non-renewable resources to a great extent which are originated from fossil, such as coal, oil and gas. The fact is that the fossil resource so limited which is predicted will be last in the near decade. The usage of fossil energy is also blamed as the cause of global warming and climate change. The changing in consumer consumption behavior is important to solve or at least to ease the challenge of the scarcity of fossil energy. Now we can see the growing interest to the environmental protection which led to the emergence of new environmental paradigm (NEP). This research will test using the new environmental paradigm scale to predict the consumer awareness, afterwards to test the degree of relationship between environmental awareness to the environmental concerns, then to test the influence of environmental awareness to the attitude of energy saving consumption, and finally to test consumer attitude of energy saving consumption to the behavior of energy consumption. Respondents are well educated consumers with minimum undergraduate degree holder. This research finds that the degree consumer environmental concern based on NEP scale is moderate. In the meantime, there is no strong relationship between environmental awareness and environmental concerns. Consumer’s environmental concern has no influence towards attitude of energy saving. However, attitude of energy saving influenced the energy consumption behavior.
Research paper
Keywords: Environmental awareness; environmental concern; new environmental paradigm; attitude; behavior
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Bastaman, A. (2020). Consumer Environmental Awareness, Attitude and Behavior: Case Study of a Higher Education Institution, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 8(1), 121–143
Bibliometric Analysis of Publication Trends in Family Firms’ Social Capital in Emerging Economies
Full text linkThere is a wide collection of journal articles and academic discourse on family firms’ social capital. However, the focus on the comprehensive synthesis of the collections is limited. The lack of efforts to synthesize the issue of family firms’ social capital focuses on emerging economies further limiting the utility of the literature. Despite the various differences between family firms in developed and emerging economies; no attempt was undertaken to separate the different insights and issues between the two different contexts. Thus, this article focusing on emerging economies is an attempt to bridge this gap in the literature. Consequently, to provide a review on researches that focus on family firm’s social capital in emerging economies, Bibliometric analysis is used to provide quantitative insights. The qualitative insights are generated from a systematic literature review. Journal articles are retrieved as data to achieve these objectives. The time frame of literature extraction is from 1960 to the year 2018. Data is extracted from WOS and Scopus indexed database yielding 288 documents. After manual scrutinizing the content, only 31 (10.8%) of the cited literature is on the family firm social capital related issue. The paper finds that there is an increasing trend in the number of family firms’ social capital study in the context of the emerging economies. The highly cited articles are published by Deephouse and Jaskiewicz (2013) in the Journal of Management Studies with 179 citations, and Khavul et al. (2009) in the Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice with 140 citations. The findings provide a collection of evidence about the focus, variables, and theories used from credible sources of the family firms’ social capital studies.
Research paper
Keywords: Social capital; socioemotional wealth; family firm; emerging economies; Bibliometric; systematic review
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Nordin, N., Abdul Khalid, S., Ale Ibrahim, N., & Samsudin, M. A. (2020). Bibliometric Analysis of Publication Trends in Family Firms’ Social Capital in Emerging Economies, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 8(1), 144–17
An Extended TPB Model to Predicting Consumer Acceptance Towards Remanufactured Goods: A case for Malaysia
Full text linkThe purpose of this research is to unearth the factors which affect consumers attitude and their intention to purchase remanufactured goods in an emerging country like Malaysia. Thus, the proposed research model used in this study was grounded on the most frequently applied model, i.e. Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) and was further extended by integrating constructs like perceived knowledge, perceived risk and perceived benefit along with the original TPB constructs namely attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioural control. The data was collected from 253 Malaysian consumers, primarily working adults with a steady income who have purchasing and absolute power over their choices of consumer electronics, specifically remanufactured products. The outcomes propose treasured understandings about the importance of studied constructs and how these constructs are indispensable in shaping positive behaviour towards acceptance of remanufactured products. Thereby, regulative bodies, remanufacturer, educators, government institutions, non-profit organizations and industry players could joint effort to raise awareness among Malaysian consumers towards sustainability and to encourage their attitude and behavioural intention towards remanufactured products. This research is one of the very few empirical researches endeavoured to evaluate Malaysian consumer’s attitude and purchase intention towards remanufactured products.
Research paper
Keywords: Theory of Planned Behaviour; Remanufactured goods; Attitude; Intention; Malaysia
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Keong, K. Q. C., Kumar, M. K., & Abbasi, G. A. (2020). An Extended TPB Model to Predicting Consumer Acceptance Towards Remanufactured Goods: A case for Malaysia, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 8(2), 93–119
Social Innovation: Towards a Better Life after COVID-19 Crisis: What to Concentrate On
Full text linkWe know that saving lives of people is the most important issue during COVID-19 crisis, but we should not forget that due to this crisis, the quality of life for many people will change and new social needs will appear and we must be prepared for that. The main purpose of this research is to find out the areas, which are the most affected ones by the pandemic and have a direct impact on citizens’ lives. This research is a quantitative study, which plans to use the opinions of business and management graduates in Iran to present the status of affected fields of better life index by COVID-19 crisis. A fuzzy TOPSIS method is used here to do this ranking. This research has ranked the most affected indicators of better life index by COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, the profile of this impact including the indicators of better life index and their change is also presented in this research. We found out that most affected indicators are Income, jobs, health, life satisfaction and education, respectively. The output of this research can be used for policy makers to start providing support on policies, infrastructures and social innovations on the most affected dimensions in order to reduce the impact of this pandemic on citizens’ everyday life and their quality of life. Also using fuzzy TOPSIS in recognizing the most affected dimensions of quality of life of citizens is a theoretical implication of this research for similar ideas of future researchers. This study is a pioneer in investigating the effects of COVID-19 pandemic on dimensions of life quality of citizens. Also linking the better life index, as a comprehensive index, which has a direct impact on people’s lives to social innovation is another novelty of this research. As it opens a new window for social innovators to know how they can use their innovation capacity to have higher impact on society by shedding light on the main challenges occurred in people’s lives. In this research we have decided to use primary data on perceptions of citizens as waiting to get the official secondary data might take long and, on that time, we might be deep in these societal problems and it might be late to make new directions on them.
Research paper
Keywords: Social innovation; Better life index; OECD; Fuzzy TOPSIS; Iran; COVID-19
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Sharafi Farzad, F., Salamzadeh, Y., Bin Amran, A., & Hafezalkotob, A. (2020). Social Innovation: Towards a Better Life after COVID-19 Crisis: What to Concentrate On, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 8(1), 89–120