Scientificia (E-Journals)
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Factors Affecting Students’ Satisfaction with a Course: Does Physical Environment Matters?
Full text linkThis study intends to examine factors that influence students’ satisfaction with a course and how this satisfaction with a course affects course recommendation. Furthermore, the moderating effects of the physical classroom environment were examined in the relationship between the factors and students’ satisfaction with a course. Data were collected from students in private universities in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia and was analyzed using Partial Least Squared Method (PLS). The results showed that course evaluation, instructional support, students self-efficacy all have a significant positive effect on students’ satisfaction with a course, and students’ satisfaction with a course positively influences course recommendation. However, our results did not find a significant relationship between the student-teacher relationship and students’ satisfaction with a course. Moreover, our findings confirmed the moderating role of the physical classroom environment on the relationship between course evaluation, instructional support, students’ self-efficacy, student-teacher relationship and course satisfaction.
Research paper
Keywords: Course Evaluation; Instructional Support; Self-Efficacy; Physical Classroom Environment; Student Satisfaction; Course Recommendation; Higher Education; Malaysia
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Batouei, A., & Teoh, A. P. (2021). Factors Affecting Students’ Satisfaction with a Course: Does Physical Environment Matters?. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 9(2), 132–173
Religious Entrepreneurial Communities: Solution for or Cause of Socioeconomic Injustice? A Comment
Full text linkCertain religious entrepreneurial minded communities are highly successful. It is tempting to assume that the underlying social mechanism of business success can be used as a blueprint for the development of larger social entities. Recently, Javaid, Shamsi and Hyder (2020) have argued that inefficiencies of markets and bureaucracies may be avoided if religious entrepreneurial communities are considered an alternative for members’ business investment, capital- and expertise-support to businesses, and the redistribution of wealth in favor of economically vulnerable community members. Consequently, the title of their paper is “Religious entrepreneurial communities as a solution for socioeconomic injustice”. I address this problematic position by an extended comment and point out inefficiencies induced by such an approach. I apply the concepts of networks and clubs to tackle problems of religious entrepreneurial communities as sub-groups of larger social entities. Individual beliefs, individual preferences, and norms of cooperative behavior can occur among members of any community, with or without common religious beliefs. Consequently, a shift from the areligious, market-oriented form of economic organization towards specific sets of religious beliefs will not, by itself, endanger business success. These issues require considerable attention before a transfer of behavioral pattern prevalent in small communities can be applied to larger groups. I emphasize the danger of generalizations from small case study results of specific entrepreneurial communities to larger social entities, such as societies.
Viewpoint
Keywords: Entrepreneurial communities; Socioeconomic justice; Community-based entrepreneurship; Entrepreneurship-based policy, Clubs, Networks
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Egbert, H. (2021). Religious Entrepreneurial Communities: Solution for or Cause of Socioeconomic Injustice? A Comment. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 9(2), 113–131
The Influence of Disruptive Innovation, Organisational Capabilities and People on Organisational Performance among Manufacturing based Companies in Malaysia
Full text linkOrganisational performance has become the main issue as organisations are struggling for business sustainability. Organisations have not achieved the expected organisational performance in the dynamic environment. This research aims to examine the influence of disruptive innovation, organisational capabilities, and people on organisational performance. A quantitative study was designed, and one hundred and twenty-one (121) data among organisations involved in the manufacturing of electrical and electronics (E&E) products in Malaysia were gathered through a structured questionnaire using stratified sampling techniques. Data gathered were analysed with SPSS software version 24 and Smart Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) version 3.2.7. The result demonstrated that disruptive innovation, organisational capabilities, and people significantly influence organisational performance. From the academic aspect, the conceptual framework articulated based on the research gap, the I-TOP Strategic Agility model, and dynamic capabilities theory provides more insights into optimising organisational performance. In addition, this study measured organisational performance from the perspective of happiness that comprises of employee happiness, customer happiness, and shareholder happiness. Practitioners could utilise this study's findings to formulate a more effective strategy to optimise their organisational performance that is critical for business sustainability.
Research paper
Keywords: Organisational Performance; Disruptive Innovation; Organisational Capabilities; People; I-TOP Strategic Agility Model
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Koay, H. G., & Muthuveloo, R. (2021). The Influence of Disruptive Innovation, Organisational Capabilities and People on Organisational Performance among Manufacturing based Companies in Malaysia. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 9(1), 163–201.  
Determinants of Online Purchase Intention of Seasonal Goods in Nigeria: A Conceptual Model and Proposition
Full text linkIn the past few decades, studies in online purchase intention have received a great deal of attention from researchers in developed countries compared to developing countries. Despite this growing interest, there is insufficient research on online purchase intention of seasonal goods from existing literature. Hence, this paper aims to examine the determinants of online purchase intention of seasonal goods in Nigeria. The paper identified perceived economic benefit, perceived transaction security as factors that may influence online purchase intention of seasonal goods. The study proposed a quantitative research design. Hence data will be collected from online shoppers in Nigeria purposively selected based on established criteria. The data collected from the field survey will be analyzed with PLS-SEM. The study being a conceptual paper, proposed the relationship between perceived economic benefit, perceived transaction security and online purchase intention of seasonal goods through the mediating role of perceived value. Future researchers should conduct an empirical study using the conceptual framework of this paper. The limitations identified in this paper will facilitate discussions on the need to deepen the understanding of the determinants of online purchase intention of seasonal goods. The study will contribute to the existing literature by identifying the factor (s) that influence the online purchase of seasonal goods.
Research paper
Keywords: E-Commerce; Online purchase intention; Seasonal goods; Perceived economic benefit; Perceived transaction security and perceived value
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Nwakaji, C., & Goh, Y. N. (2021). Determinants of Online Purchase Intention of Seasonal Goods in Nigeria: A Conceptual Model and Proposition. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 9(2), 218–252.  
Celebrities Endorsing It, Why Should I Buy It?
Full text linkCelebrity endorsement distinguishes brands, influencing potential customers' perceptions of quality, instilling trust, and strengthening the link between brands and customers. The current research looks at the effect of celebrity endorsement on cosmetics brand purchase intent on Indian females. This research topic incorporates and integrates the source credibility theory and the S-O-R model that examines the impact of perceived quality and brand trust as moderated-mediating factors influencing the relationship between celebrity endorsement and purchase intention. A quantitative technique was used to evaluate and assess the hypothesized model based on 347 female respondents from India's metropolitan cities. The PLS-SEM findings show that celebrity endorsement has a considerable impact on purchase intention and the impact of the moderator and mediator variables on the link between the independent and dependent variables, which are statistically significant. The present study sheds new insights on the theoretical and practical contribution of the study to marketers and brand practitioners of cosmetics brands.
Research paper
Keywords: Celebrity endorsement; Purchase Intent; Brand-Trust; Perceived quality
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Kanwar, A., & Huang, Y.C. (2022). Celebrities endorsing it, why should I buy it?. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 10(1), 39–75. 
The Effect of Subsidiary Characteristics on Efficiency in Knowledge Transfer between Multinational Companies
Full text linkThis paper aims to establish a comprehensive framework for relationships between parent and subsidiary (subsidiary autonomy, subsidiary position, organizational trust) on knowledge transfer efficiency. Then shed light on how the long-ignored characteristics of the subsidiary (characteristics of the knowledge transfer participant) play a role in the knowledge transfer of MNCs. The study highlights and tests the influence of two parts by subjecting a dataset of 212 Chinese MNCs to a Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to analysis: one is the impact of relationships between parent-subsidiary (subsidiary autonomy, subsidiary position, organizational trust) on the knowledge transfer efficiency. The other is the subsidiary characteristics (subsidiary age, subsidiary size) moderates the relationship between them. The robust results indicate that subsidiary autonomy, subsidiary position, organizational trust have a significant positive influence on the knowledge transfer efficiency of Chinese MNCs. As well as one of the subsidiary characteristics (subsidiary age) only moderates the relationship between subsidiary autonomy, organizational trust and knowledge transfer efficiency. While the other characteristic (subsidiary size) has no moderation. The findings indicate that the ignored subsidiary characteristics (subsidiary age, subsidiary size) have some moderations in the knowledge transfer efficiency, and it is useful to help MNCs improve knowledge transfer efficiency by copying and creating the implicit meaning of characteristic.
Research paper
Keywords: Knowledge transfer efficiency; MNCs; Subsidiary characteristics; Subsidiary autonomy; Subsidiary position; Organizational trust
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Cheng, J., Chelliah, S., & Teoh A. P. (2021). The Effect of Subsidiary Characteristics on Efficiency in Knowledge Transfer between Multinational Companies. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 9(1), 230–274.  
Examining the Influencing Factors of Consumer Purchase Intention toward Fast Food with Health Concerns as a Moderator
Full text linkThis study aims to investigate the key factors that influence consumers’ intention to purchase fast food. In specific, this study intends to examine the relationship between attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control and consumer purchase intention toward fast food. Additionally, this study also examines health concerns as a moderator between independent variables and consumer purchase intention toward fast food. The data was collected via an online and face-to-face survey amongst the young generation in Malaysia, and quantitative analysis was used to test the hypotheses. A total of 473 respondents who have experienced consuming fast food participated in this survey, and the data was statistically analysed via SPSS/PLS-SEM. The findings of this study show that attitude and subjective norms were found to positively and significantly influence consumer purchase intention toward fast food, while perceived behavioural control was found to be insignificant. The findings of this study also revealed that health concerns weakened the relationship between attitude and consumer purchase intention toward fast food, whereas health concerns strengthen the relationship between subjective norms and consumer purchase intention toward fast food. Meanwhile, health concern has no moderation effect in the relationship between perceived behavioural control and consumer purchase intention toward fast food. This is one of the few studies examining the health concern as a moderator in the study of consumer purchase intention toward fast food in an emerging market such as Malaysia. The findings help fast-food restauranters and marketers in understanding consumer behaviour and could help marketers as well as organisations to effectively adapt these factors in their marketing strategies, especially toward young consumers with a high health concern.
Research paper
Keywords: Inconspicuous consumption; Triandis model; Theory of Interpersonal Behaviour; Subtle luxury fashion products; purchase intention
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Kamalul Ariffin. S., Ng, F., & Abdul Mohsin, A. M. (2021). Examining the Influencing Factors of Consumer Purchase Intention toward Fast Food with Health Concerns as a Moderator. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 9(2), 39–71
Entrepreneurial Energy and Opportunities Existing in Space
Full text linkThe space within which the entrepreneurs exist is filled with risks, opportunities and other environmental resources. Scholars have argued that entrepreneurs are constantly discovering and identifying value potentials because significant values arise from the existence of positive externalities which can be captured and exploited. Positive externalities or opportunities can create substantial and desirable gains if they can be monetized, leveraged and exploited. These externalities refer to the natural environmental resources within the space where the entrepreneurs operate. From the perspective of space, this paper will explore the emergence of opportunities or risks within the space through the theoretical lens of structuration and complex science and will, specifically, discuss the collision and the meeting of opportunities with the entrepreneurs at the nexus from the perspective of entrepreneurial energy excitation. Entrepreneurship originates from a nexus of individuals and opportunities. The unique juncture in space or nexus in which the entrepreneurs and opportunities exist is central to the study of entrepreneurship because it is in this juncture or nexus that identification and evaluation of risks and opportunities take place. It is the subsequent human actions, driven by the level of entrepreneurial energy that will lead to the myriad of possible venture pathways. For risks, entrepreneurs perceive them and will subsequently work towards mitigation or avoidance through various measures. The exploitation of opportunities is concerned with acquiring and employing resources in the space to gain certain advantages. Likewise, with risks, entrepreneurs perceive the risks and work towards the mitigation or avoidance of the perceived risk in the venture pathways. In this paper, entrepreneurship is viewed through the structuration and complexity science lens to present the entrepreneurial venture as the instantiated outcome of the entrepreneur–opportunity interaction through time and space. Complexity science offers a theoretical lens for exploring the complex interdependencies of a complex, and adaptive pluralistic world with irreversibility and randomness being the rules- dynamical systems in the natural and physical worlds. The key central concept of complexity is that interactivities between parts of open systems that creates unpredictable and seemingly random patterns. While the history of the open system is relevant in understanding its dynamics, the specific isolation of individual parts of the system does not reveal the system's casual mechanisms. The paper explores whether how entrepreneurial energy arises from the convergence/ collision of entrepreneurs with opportunities in a dynamical, unpredictable and random way in a nexus in space.
Research paper
Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Risks; Opportunities; Complex science
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Leong, D. (2020). Entrepreneurial Energy and Opportunities Existing in Space, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 8(2), 196–218.
Preprint available at: https://doi.org/10.31124/advance.13363433.v
The impact of Digital Leadership Competencies on Virtual Team Effectiveness in MNC companies in Penang, Malaysia
Full text linkThis research objective is to examine the impact of Digital Leadership competencies on Virtual Team Effectiveness in MNC companies in Penang, Malaysia. The survey was conducted among 150 respondents who are working in MNC companies in Penang, with experience in a virtual team. The diversified range of respondents was chosen to predict the impact of digital leadership competencies on virtual team effectiveness. Data collected was analysed using SmartPLS. Hypotheses were tested based on the structural equation model. The results come out with 2 variables (E-Communication Competency & E-Trust Competency) having a positive & significant relationship with virtual team effectiveness. The remaining four variables, namely E-Social Competency, E-Team Competency & E-Change Competency, found to be no significant relationship towards virtual team effectiveness. Firstly, MNC companies size varies; as such, the study may be slightly biased. As more virtual teams are available to sample this analysis from large MNC companies, the outcome will appear to lean towards them. Secondly, due to the data collection limitation, virtual teams are represented by only one respondent per team in this study. As such, it may represent some bias if the response being used to represent the team. Results of this research can be used as guidance for organization Leaders in managing virtual teams more effectively. The E-Communication competency & E-Trust Competency can be applied and eventually enhance virtual team efficiency. This analysis will benefit future researchers or leaders of organizations to call attention to variables that contribute to virtual teams' effectiveness. This study is to investigate factors that have a positive influence on virtual team effectiveness. Digital Leadership Competency is chosen as independent variables that potentially have a great impact on virtual team effectiveness. As part of measuring Virtual Team effectiveness, Media Richness Theory is taken into consideration to underpin this study.
Research paper
Keywords: Virtual teams; Digital leadership competencies; PLS-SEM; Malaysia; Virtual teams’ effectiveness
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Cheng Soon, C., & Salamzadeh, Y. (2020). The impact of Digital Leadership Competencies on Virtual Team Effectiveness in MNC companies in Penang, Malaysia, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 8(2), 219–253.  
Entrepreneurial Projects’ Risk Factors in Morocco
Full text linkThe main objective of this paper is to establish a comparative study of the different risk factors encountered by companies in the province of Larache in comparison with the province of Tangier and the province of Tetouan in the Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima region in Morocco. Various factors have many disastrous effects on the start and continuation of entrepreneurial activity, as the entrepreneur is constantly faced with the risk of failure, which has a horrifying effect on entrepreneurship. However, the sense of risk may reflect an entrepreneur’s ability to affect his or her decision in the different phases of project creation. This risk can be human, strategic, financial, technical, legal, personal and environmental, etc. The creation of projects is characterized by risk-taking, and much research has been conducted to understand briefly the risks that a company may face and their factors. The results show that the business environment is favourable in large provinces characterized by the high number of new businesses founded each year, in contrast to the small provinces the life cycle. Thus, the study showed that the business environment is favourable and motivating, the more the entrepreneur would be enthusiastic. The human, financial, and legal success factors for these companies are nearly identical in all three regions. Failure causes include technical, technological, and organizational issues. There are several risk factors (related to the dedicated training, the competence and experience of the entrepreneur, the organization, the environment, the financial means), and the more complex the market environment, these factors become critical. Our interviewers have also added some recommendations to develop the business of our region and minimize the delicate of these factors, such as: the state intervention, through economic incentive policies to encourage young project leaders, include funding for new projects, encouraging young people to take out loans, take advantage of advanced training through the INTILAKA program, take advantage of the State’s guarantee for young entrepreneur profiles, the development of incubators to assist future entrepreneurs in the realization of their ideas by exchanging insights, advice, and logistical resources, creating of project leaders’ resources, assistance, and follow-up units, developing entrepreneurial spirit by training courses, and integrating universities’ roles by preparation for the benefit of young project managers.
Research paper
Keywords: Entrepreneurial project; Risk factors; Comparative study; Provinces of Morocco
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Kadmiri, L., Ben Yakoub, S., & Achelhi, H. (2021). Entrepreneurial Projects’ Risk Factors in Morocco. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 9(1), 202–229