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Entrepreneurship Promotion in Higher Education Institutions
Get PDFAbstractsThe importance of entrepreneurship promotion has increased significantly in today's society, especial-ly during periods of crises. This work is based on the responses obtained through a survey conducted on a sample of 305 undergraduates of the University of the Azores, enrolled in different science pro-grams. The aim is to deepen the knowledge of the entrepreneurial propensity of higher education students in the Azores, and in that way the university can stimulate their interest in creating business-es. The main results obtained, using exploratory data analysis (from the univariate to the multivari-ate), are presented and discussed.
Research paper
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Sousa, Á., Couto, G., Branco, N., Silva, O., Bace-lar-Nicolau, H. (2017). “Entrepreneurship Promotion in Higher Education Institutions”, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 157–184
Identification and ranking of factors affecting behavioral economics in Iran
Get PDFPurpose- Since economics is the science of choice and if we conside the human being as a selector, it should be noted how the function of selection is formed and how it can psychologically measure and analyze activities such as intentions, motives, opinions, attitudes and expectations. The aims of this study were to identify and rank the factors affecting behavioral economics and its use.
Design/methodology/approach- In this deseriptive -analytic study, 385 in dividuals were selected using the Cochran formula. Data were gathered through a questionnaire and analyzed using arachnoid diagram rating and spss software package.
Findings- Generally, fairness, risk and inequity aversion dimensions have more important roles in behavioral economics of Iran community, while, mimicry, sel fishness and economic intelligence have less significant roles. All hypotheses of the study were confirmed (p<0.05) and although the hypothesis related to selfishness was rejected, according to the participants, role of selfishness dimen-sion is high among Iran community.
Research limitations/implications- It can be concluded that the behavior and habits of other people have no significant role in behavioral economy of Iran community, that might be due to the fact that the effects of these two items on economy is not so important; hence respondents don’t consider high amount of significance for these dimensions in Iran community. More over, in behavioral economics of Iran community the amount of reciprocal friendship, inequity aversion and fairness is low that can be attributed to the lack of trust between people in regard to their economic decisions.
Practical implications- One of the most important applications of this research, is offering behavioral economy in general scheme, and as regards to few research in this field, it’s one of the main prob-lems of executives when refer to this field of science, because they don’t have appropriate image of the current situation in Iran and by this image they will be able planning decisions regarding the strengths and weaknesses of Iranian society.
Originality/value- Firstly, similar research in the field of behavioral economics has not been carried out in Iran, and this study can be considered grounds for starting research in this field. Furthermore, dispite the long time has passed, since the introduction of behavioral economics theory , no research has been focused on this issue in Iran and presented profile in this research , is the first image of be-havioral economics in Iran.
Research paper
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Ahmadi, S.A.A., Salamzadeh, Y., and Ranjbar, L. (2013). “Identification and ranking of factors affecting behavioral economics in Iran”, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, Vol. 1 No. 1/2, pp. 101–124
Strategic Analysis of SMEs' Early Internationalisation Process
Get PDFPurpose- This study focuses on the main driving factors influencing the path (i.e. the decision-making process) of SMEs to internationalise and explains reasons for choosing different entry modes as strategy. The paper aims to gain a closer understanding of characteristics and challenges that SMEs experience in the early phase of internationalisation, and how its internationalisation practices – strategies – contribute to their competitiveness.
Design/methodology/approach- A theoretical framework based on a literature review is developed. Empirical results were gained from a qualitative approach based on case studies and cross-case analy-sis of three Tyrolean SMEs.
Findings- Aspects that have been investigated by this study are key motivating drivers to internation-alise and strategies applied. The paper highlights different approaches why and how SMEs undertake the process of internationalisation.
Practical implications- An understanding of drivers and strategies to internationalisation offers en-trepreneurs and small business managers the opportunity to shape and reflect on the development of their company. Outcome of this study reveals the importance of managers in understanding the changes in the business environment and in identifying key internal factors. Results provide practical mentoring to SMEs in similar situations in understanding the nature of the processes of an interna-tional expansion strategy.
Originality/value- Internationalisation strategies are usually viewed in relation to large enterprises. This study considers SMEs in their approach to develop international strategies and market presence.
Research Paper
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Knapp, J.L, and Kronenberg, C. (2013). “Strate-gic Analysis of SMEs' Early Internationalisation Process”, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, Vol. 1 No. 1/2, pp. 35–71
Strategic management in new ventures: the role of technological, organizational and environmental factors
Get PDFToday, as firms become more competitive in their fields, the use of strategic insights and management practices are becoming an integral part of the firms' activities- especially for new ventures which are in the early phases of their lifecycle. Indeed, they cannot improve their performance if they do not take advantage of such tools and mechanisms. On the other hand, nascent firms are facing lots of problems due to the lack of appropriate use of strategic insights. One of the main problems is the acceptance of strategic management practices in such companies. Then, in this paper, the authors try to investigate the elements which affect their acceptance. Authors use technology-organization-environment (TOE) framework to examine the hypotheses. Findings reveal that all the factors were influential, other than complexity, vendors' support, firm size, and industry type.
Research paper
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Shahidifar, E. (2016). ―Strategic management in new ventures: the role of technological, organizational and environmental factors‖, Journal of Entre-preneurship, Business and Economics, Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 130–149
Business Models and Innovation Obstacles in Iran: A New Framework
Get PDFEmploying appropriate and up to date Business models in Organizations is so important due to the fact that it is the strategy which shows the main logic of a corporation in creating values in organiza-tions. It is important to the extent that not employing an appropriate and up to date business model will prevent the organizations fulfilling their aims, even if they employ high technology or diverse resources. In fact, economical value of a technology is unknown until corporations employ an appro-priate form of business model. It can be said that, those corporations employing more appropriate business models for a technology achieve more value than the corporations discovering that technolo-gy. A good business model is the basis of each successful organization, no difference the investment is new or it's an already established one. Due to the importance of this issue, in this study, we try to identify the main reasons for not being up to date or not developing business models in organizations. We do this by reflecting upon the results of credible and up to date researches in the area of different business models and obstacles or challenges facing different organizations. In line with what was said above, we employed library research, extracting updating obstacles in business models, ques-tionnaire and field research for data collection process. Determining reliability and validity of the questionnaire, we distributed it among 198 corporations of management counseling in Tehran prov-ince. This research follows positivism paradigm and is practical, quantitative, and inductive. The results lead to the discovery of 35 cases of the main reasons of not being up to date and developed in using business models. As there was no basis for categorizing variables and formerly defined catego-ries, in order to maximize the correlation between variables and factors, calculating the factorial ratio and determining the intended factors, we employed factorial design. Using this statistical technique, the variables were categorized in 4 kinds of obstacles: strategic, information, management, and sys-tem. At the end these are ranked using fuzzy Topsis technique. The results of ranking show the im-portance order of obstacles as follows: Informational factors, Systematic factors, managerial factors & strategic factors.
Research paper
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Salamzadeh, Y. Rezai, M. (2017). “Business Models and Innovation Obstacles in Iran: A New Framework”, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 108–139
Linking Education and Business across Geography of Erasmus +Improving Relationships between Vocational Training and Job Market
Get PDFA multitude of studies have demonstrated that entrepreneurial competence is not only required to start an enterprise but it is a key lifelong learning competence relevant for the labour market. The recent communications of the European Commission however underlines the need for more entrepreneurs-hip education in Europe. The following paper describes a novel approach to training of entrepreneu-rial skills, which has been developed by the European funded project Linking Education and Business (LEB) (www.oai.ie/linking-education-business.php). The project team, which consists of VET scho-ols and enterprises, focuses on the new dynamics of society, which is demanding not only individuals with critical thinking and ethics training to contribute to sustainable development, but also with strong capabilities to survive in an increasingly demanding job market. The gap between the labor market and the education system generates controversy among experts about how to fix it, being necessary to try to solve the above deficiencies and respond to the new challenges of the production system in a new economic and social contexts.
Research paper
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Balaguer, P. A. (2016). “Linking Education and Business across Geography of Erasmus +. Improving Relationships between Vocational Training and Job Market”, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 73–84
Contextualizing sustainable competitive advantage: A perspective of social entrepreneurship
Get PDFThis study aimed in contextualizing competitive advantage for social entrepreneurship from different perspective. Having defined social entrepreneurship as ways to have better solution in dealing with social issue, enterprise is believed to be founded upon some social mission. In that case, the role of commitment, loyalty and perseverance become an important concept to understand the characteristic of organization. One important signal found in the study was due to a rapid growth of development for the fields of knowledge. The study identified the important role of leadership and knowledge management to social enterprise. The three major contributions from the study are: (i) addressing the basic framework in analyzing social entrepreneurship, (ii) codifying possible network mapping faced by complex-social enterprise and (iii) proposing model for future competitive advantage by consider-ing unique characteristics of social organization. The study enclosed with proposing three proposi-tions which covered the relationship between social enterprise and the society and also some possibil-ity to have different analysis between developed and developing country.
Research paper
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Prasetyo, A. H. (2017). “Contextualizing sustain-able competitive advantage: A perspective of social entrepreneurship”, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 41–66
The Nexus between Exchange Rate Variation and Economic Growth in Nigeria
Get PDFThis research paper is centered on the nexus between exchange rate variation and economic growth in Nigeria with emphasis to the purchasing power of the average Nigerians and the level of international transaction. Exchange rate fluctuations have been of serious concern to the monetary authorities, policy makers and business tycoons of developing countries, Nigeria inclusive because of the relevance of exchange rate in international trade, investment and in determining the level of output growth of a country. Therefore it is vital to examine the degree at which exchange rate fluctuates which had called for a lot of attention in Nigeria. This study examined the Impact of Exchange Rate Fluctuation on the Nigerian Economic Growth using an annual data of forty-three (43) years covering the period (1970-2013). The standard deviation method was employed to capture and estimate the fluctuation inherent in the model as regards the research’s objective. The study employed econometric techniques such as; Multiple Regression Model, Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test, Johansen Co-integration test and the Error Correction Model (ECM). Evidence from this study exhibited that there exists a positive but insignificant impact of exchange rate fluctuation on Nigerian economic growth in both the long run and short run. This result is attributed to the ability of the Nigerian government to effectively regulate some other important macroeconomic variables which can infuriate exchange rate which has thereby helped curtail the effects of exchange rate fluctuation during the study period. This is an indication that monetary authorities might have initiated policies that helped absorb the influence of exchange rate fluctuation on economic growth in Nigeria. Therefore, the government should encourage domes-tic production of goods and services for Naira exchange rate appreciation and generally to promote economic growth in Nigeria- moreover to maintain and sustain exchange rate and economic stability. In the same vein, the government should pay more attention to other more volatile macroeconomic variables like oil price and inflation rate in Nigeria.
Research paper
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Amassoma, D. (2017). “The Nexus between Ex-change Rate Variation and Economic Growth in Nigeria”, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 1–40
Selecting Various Industrial Competitors Affect The Risk Level of Viet Nam Manufacturing Material Industry During and After The Global Crisis 2007-2009
Get PDFUsing a one factor model, this paperwork estimates the impacts of the size of firms’ competitors in the manufacturing material industry on the market risk level, measured by equity and asset beta, of 99 listed companies in this category. This study identified that the risk dispersion level in this sample study could be minimized in case the competitor size doubles (measured by equity beta var of 0,293). Beside, the empirical research findings show us that asset beta max value increases from 1,162 to 1,445 when the size of competitor doubles. Last but not least, most of beta values are acceptable ex-cept a few exceptional cases. Ultimately, this paper illustrates calculated results that might give prop-er recommendations to relevant governments and institutions in re-evaluating their policies during and after the financial crisis 2007-2011.
Research paper
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Huy. D. T. N. (2016). “Selecting Various Indus-trial Competitors Affect The Risk Level of Viet Nam Manufacturing Material Industry During and After The Global Crisis 2007-2009”, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 108–127
Monetary policy transmission mechanism and growth of the manufacturing sectors in Libya and Nigeria
Get PDFThe study examines the role of exchange rate regimes in determining the nature of relationship be-tween monetary policy transmission mechanisms and manufacturing output growth in oil producing economies in Africa. Libya and Nigeria were used in the study because of the different exchange rate regimes practice in both oil exporting countries. Nigeria as a net oil exporter practices flexible ex-change rate while Libya as a net oil exporter practices fixed exchange rate system. The study employs structural variance decomposition approach (SVAR). It was found out from the study that exchange rate regime has some influences on the monetary policy transmission mechanism and its effectiveness on the manufacturing output growth in the two oil exporting countries. Oil price shocks affect the monetary policy instrument of both countries greatly. While monetary policy instrument appears to be ineffective in promoting output growth of the manufacturing sector in Libya that practices fixed ex-change rate, the reverse is the case in Nigeria. Flexible exchange rate appears to create enabling envi-ronment for monetary policy instrument to influence manufacturing output growth positively in the face of oil price shock.
Research paper
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Omolade, A. Ngalawa, H. (2017). “Monetary policy transmission mechanism and growth of the manufacturing sectors in Libya and Nigeria: Does exchange rate regime matter?”, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 67–107