Scientificia (E-Journals)
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Assessment of Factors Affecting Cooperatives’ Performance in Indonesia: The Case of Credit Union Cooperatives
Full text linkThe “Koperasi” (cooperative) has great potential for increasing Indonesia’s national economy and reduce unemployment. However, the performance of cooperatives is still considered weak. This study aims to identify the factors influencing the performance of cooperatives in Indonesia and the extent of their influence. It does this for the case of the Tangerang region in Indonesia. The study adopts descriptive analysis using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM), with the sample size of 35 cooperatives in South Tangerang. The independent variables are Internal Business Process (PPIB), Learning & Growth (PPP), Members perspective (PA), Financial perspective (PK) and dependent variable is Cooperative Performance (K). The results show that the model has an R-square value of 0.952 (95.2%) indicating that the ability of the independent variable to explain dependent variable cooperative performance is about 95.2% while the remaining 4.8% is explained by other independent variables not formulated in the research. The relationship of the financial perspective on the cooperative’s performance scored the highest path coefficient of 0.508, followed by member’s perspective and learning growth with 0.493 and 0.403. It indicates that financial ability plays a major role in improving the cooperatives’ performance while, and that the other two independent variables also have a significant impact on improving the cooperatives’ performance. However, the internal business process with a path of coefficient 0.138 has a weak relationship with performance.
Research paper
Keywords: Cooperative; Internal Business Process; Learning & Growth; Members perspective; Finance perspective; Cooperative Performance
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Krisnawati, N., & Alfiandri. (2019). Assessment of Factors Affecting Cooperatives’ Performance in Indonesia: The Case of Credit Union Cooperatives, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 7(2), 80–105
Corporate Governance and Firm Value: The Moderating Effect of Board Gender Diversity
Full text linkThe purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between corporate governance and firm value. The component of corporate governance is board size, board independence, number of board monitoring committees, risk management committee. Board gender diversity will be introduced in this study as a moderator variable between corporate governance and firm value. This study adopts a quantitative approach and cross-sectional design. A total of 120 top market capitalization was selected for companies listed in Bursa Malaysia and relevant data are extracted from respective companies’ annual reports. Result shows that board size and board independence are positively significant to firm value. However, board monitoring committee and risk management committee do not show any significant relationship with Tobin's Q. Board gender diversity, however, do not function as a moderating role in the relationship of corporate governance and business performance. This study contributes by explaining the relationship between corporate governance and firm value in a developing country. Policymakers and academician will be able to have a better insight into the research and this study pioneer to test the moderating effect of board gender diversity, and the relationship between risk management committee and firm value. Further this paper, able to enhance knowledge and understanding of relevant authority and help them to strategies new policy or standards for listed company.
Research paper
Keywords: Corporate Governance, Firm Values, Firm Size, Gender, Tobin Q, Board
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Chin, Y. S., Ganesan, Y., Pitchay, A. A., Haron, H., & Hendayani, R. (2019). Corporate Governance and Firm Value: The Moderating Effect of Board Gender Diversity, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 7(2s), 43–77
Behavioral Factor Influencing Indonesian Micro, Small and Medium (MSME’s) Owners Decision-Making in Adopting E-Commerce
Full text linkThe internet has made tremendous change in various sectors. The internet plays a pivotal role in our daily lives. Business and economic are growing rapidly due to vast and current information from the internet. E-commerce is one of the applications on the internet. This application transcends space, time and space and therefore, makes business transaction between sellers and buyers easier. Because of its convenience, business practitioners, including actors of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia use E-commerce. MSME is an individually-owned business or business entity where decision making is dominantly carried out by business owner. The purpose of this study was to describe factors that influenced MSME business owners’ decisions to use e-commerce. The research method was library study examining theories related to the application of e-commerce and reviewing the findings of previous related. The finding showed that there are 4 (four) factors that influenced MSME owners’ decision-making in using e-commerce, namely value, personality, tendency to take risks and potential uncertainty. The most dominant factor affecting the MSME owners’ decision to adopt was the tendency to take risks.
Research paper
Keywords: E-commerce; MSME; Decision-making
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Kurniawati, E., & Chrissendy Dian Saputra, M. (2019). Behavioral Factor Influencing Indonesian Micro, Small and Medium (MSME’s) Owners Decision-Making in Adopting E-Commerce, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 7(1), 92–10
Creative Economic Development Model Based on Coconut Products Through Business Mentoring
Full text linkCreative economy is an economic sector that has given contribution in creating jobs, increasing exports, creating innovation and creativity, and providing a positive social impact in improving quality of life and tolerance. This research take place in "Rizki Abadi" Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) in Sekardangan, Papungan Village, Kanigoro District, Blitar Regency. This SME produces coconut-based snacks called opak gambir. Several obstacles faced by this SME includes lack of innovation in product packaging, unstable raw material prices, inadequate human resources, and conventional marketing methods. The purpose of this research is to depict the model of Opak Gambir-based creative economy development through product innovation, problem identification, and solution making. This research uses primary and secondary data source which consist of direct field observations, interviews, journals, and other articles related. The result of this research found that simple packaging methods, inconsistent labeling and conventional marketing methods lead to inaccurate service and less extensive marketing reach. Unstable raw material price affects sales stability, while the quality of raw materials does not affect sales stability. The environment has no impact to the sales stability due to competition among SME's. Simple production equipment does not significantly affect the stability of sales, while the quantity of sealer affects production's punctuality. Skills and the amount of labor do not have an impact on sales stability. Meanwhile, business mentoring has an ability to help increase in sales due to its support in using online media for promotion and adding the quantity of sealer. In addition, it helps SME attain raw materials from Koperasi.
Research paper
Keywords: SME, Productivity, Creative economy, Opak gambir, Mentoring
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Millaningtyas, R., & Hatneny, A. I. (2018). Creative Economic Development Model Based on Coconut Products Through Business Mentoring, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 6(2), 115–131
Investigating the Factors Affecting Purchase Intention of Muslim Women Towards Halal Cosmetics
Full text linkThe objective of this study is to examine the relationship between brand awareness, attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control and purchase intention towards halal cosmetics among Muslim women in Indonesia. The questionnaires were distributed to 304 Muslim women at Medan, Banda Aceh, and DKI Jakarta within end of January until early February 2019. To investigate the relationships between factors; the structural equation modelling (SEM-PLS) version 2.0 was used to analysed the data. The finding of this study has found that two components of TPB (attitude, perceived behavioural control) and brand awareness are positively related with purchase intention towards halal cosmetics, while subjective norm is found to be insignificant. The result shows that positive attitude is the most important factor to increase consumer purchase intention toward halal cosmetics. The result of this study provides information to cosmetics’ firm that Muslim women with high brand awareness, attitude and perceived behavioral control will have high purchase intention toward halal cosmetic products. The findings of this study contribute valuable information to scholars, policy makers and firms in order to understand Muslim customers in Indonesia.
Research paper
Keywords: Corporate Governance, Firm Values, Firm Size, Gender, Tobin Q, Board
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Kamalul Ariffin, S., Fadhilah Azra, W., Abdul Wahid, N., & Yen Nee, G. (2019). Investigating the Factors Affecting Purchase Intention of Muslim Women Towards Halal Cosmetics, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 7(2s), 78–105
Technopreneur Based Entrepreneurship Development Program as an Effort to Realize the Nationality of Nations in Politeknik Negeri Batam
Full text linkThe Entrepreneurship Development Program (PPK) program is a place for students and alumnus in entrepreneurship. The Entrepreneurship Program implemented comes from the DRPM Ristek Dikti. The Entrepreneurship Development Program is a realization of the commitment of the Batam State Polytechnic in developing entrepreneurship. The Entrepreneurship Development Program at Batam State Polytechnic is an entrepreneurial program with the aim of producing new entrepreneurs who are independent based on science and technology. There is a series of activities in the process of recruiting tenants until the selection of candidates who have criteria has the right to participate in the program of entrepreneurship development. The method of implementing entrepreneurship development program activities through the Capacity Building with an approach in the context of empowering potential tenants using the PALS method (Participatory Action Learning System). The PALS method emphasizes the existing activities to be attempted to be brought to the condition of students through entrepreneurial awareness phase, capacity building and mentoring phase. The PALS method in the form of skills and management training is carried out with the aim of providing knowledge and understanding of entrepreneurship, encourage innovative ideas motivation, as well as to increase understanding in the management of business organization, the production of the operation, business financial, as well as making business and marketing business plan. The incubation activity in the Entrepreneurship Development Program received 41 candidates who were selected according to the criteria and then produced 25 tenants. At the end of the program the development of entrepreneurship has succeeded in producing new independent entrepreneurs who are ready to go to the community.
Research paper
Keywords: Science and technology, Entrepreneurship, Tenants, Capacity building, Business management, Skills
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Hati, S. W., Hidayat, R., Kartikaningdiyah, E., & Gunawan, H. (2018). Technopreneur Based Entrepreneurship Development Program as an Effort to Realize the Nationality of Nations in Politeknik Negeri Batam, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 6(2), 101–114
Entrepreneurship Education and Entrepreneurial Intention: Perspectives on Institutional Theory
Full text linkEntrepreneurial intentions have been considered a critical element understanding the formation of new venture creations that have been seen in creating jobs and economic growth in a country. This study draws upon institutional environment theory to clarify and test the model using multiple linear regression on entrepreneurship education and three determinants of institutional environment dimensions, namely, regulatory, cogni-tive, and normative dimensions toward entrepreneurial intentions in the context of Esto-nia. A questionnaire-based survey on 265 Estonian university students was conducted to validate the hypotheses of the study. The results suggest that entrepreneurship education has a significant influence on university students’ entrepreneurial intention. Additionally, all three institutional environment determinants moderate the positive relationship be-tween entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intention. Interestingly, interaction terms among normative environment, entrepreneurship education, and entrepreneurial intention are statistically significant. Therefore, the results of this study advance institu-tional theory and its application in entrepreneurship research in the context of Estonia.
Research paper
Keywords: Entrepreneurship education, Entrepreneurial intentions, Institutional environment theory, Estonia, University students
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Wannamakok, W., & Liang, W. (2019). Entrepreneurship Education and Entrepreneurial Intention: Perspectives on Institutional Theory, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 7(2), 106–129. 
Microfinancing Influence on Micro-Entrepreneurs Business Growth: Mediating Role of Psychological and Social Capital
Full text linkThis paper is set out to uncover the phenomena of micro-enterprises business growth by hypothesizing microfinancing, social and psychological capital as factors. This research is important due to the fact that the paucity of information on how microfinancing, social and psychological capital relate to micro-enterprises business growth would obscure the ways in which they survive. In Malaysia, microfinance is used as one of the tools to alleviate poverty, as well as to improve the livelihood and standards of living of the poor and those who are financially excluded. However, almost three decades after the introduction of microfinancing programmes, the performance of microfinancing recipients’ i.e. micro-enterprises in Malaysia is not satisfactory. Besides providing loans to these micro-entrepreneurs, other aspects of facilitation, including the inculcation of the entrepreneur’s intangible resources, need to be addressed. Therefore, this research examines the mediating effect of micro-entrepreneurs’ psychological and social capital on the relationship between microfinance provisions and the business growth of micro-enterprises. The samples are identified from two microfinance providers, i.e., Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia (AIM) and the National Entrepreneur Group Economic Fund (TEKUN) micro credit financing scheme recipients’ databases. A total of 250 useable survey questionnaires was collected and analysed to test the hypothesised relationship. The data was analysed using Partial Least Square-SEM and the structural model was examined to test the hypotheses. The findings show that micro-entrepreneurs’ psychological and social capital have a significant mediating effects on the relationship between provision of microfinance and the business growth of micro-enterprises in Kelantan. This research offers the practical implication that the effects of micro finance provision on the business growth of micro-enterprises are better exerted through micro-entrepreneurs’ psychological and social capital. This theoretically supports the applicability of the Resource-based View (RBV) theory to explain the mediating effect of psychological and social capital on the relationship between microfinance provisions and business growth.
Research paper
Keywords: Micro-enterprise, Business growth, Psychological capital, Social capital, Mediation, Microfinance institutions
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Nordin, N., Siti-Nabiha, A.K., & Kamalia, Z. (2019). Microfinancing Influence on Micro-Entrepreneurs Business Growth: Mediating Role of Psychological and Social Capital, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 7(2), 130–161
The Impact of Microfinance on Growth of Women Entrepreneurship in Pakistan
Full text linkThe study examines the tendency of low growth of entrepreneurship in women who take a small loan from microfinance institutions. In this context, 100 borrowers were selected, and through the questionnaire, the data was gathered to measure the impact of microfinance on women entrepreneurial growth in Pakistan. The main parameters of this research were the trend of the startup of the business, the limit of the amount of loan, and training of entrepreneurship. The one sample t-test and Pearson correlation statistical techniques were selected to analyze the data through SPSS. It is concluded that; about 80% women do not start a business, the credit limit is low that ranges from Rs2000 to 40000, there is dire need of Women Entrepreneurial Training (WET) an upsurge in the limit of loan that directly correlates with the growth of a female enterprise. Moreover, the establishment of the Women Entrepreneurial Cooperative Society (WECS) can address the low growth of women entrepreneurship issue effectively. The study was conducted during the months of October 2014 to February 2015.
Research paper
Keywords: Small Loan Borrowers; Women; Microfinance; Entrepreneurship; Women Entrepreneurial Cooperative Society
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Yousfani, K., Aslam, Y., Mahar, Q. & Kazi, H. (2019). The Impact of Microfinance on Growth of Women Entrepreneurship in Pakistan, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 7(1), 133–152
The Effect of Public Service Motivation on Job Performance through Satisfaction and Commitment
Full text linkPublic service motivation has become an important fundamental thing in an employee who works in the public sector. The purpose of this article is to explore the exploration of various outcomes related to the public service motivation,that are satisfaction, commitment, and job performance. About 51 public officers was participated in this study. Data was analyzed by using PLS-SEM to examine direct and indirect effect of public service motivation on job performance.Public service motivation had positive effects on job performance among public officers in Immigration office Malang. Both satisfaction and commitment strengthened these positive effects. As a practical implication, public administrators can probably relate to and learn from the officers motivational bases in trying to figure out how to work within public organizations. Because of this study highlights how public officers may differ on public service motivation and reveals the struggle in reconciling their roles within public organizations.
Research paper
Keywords: Public Service, Motivation, Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, Job Performance
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Hidayati, N., & Sunaryo, H. (2019). The Effect of Public Service Motivation on Job Performance through Satisfaction and Commitment: Case of Public Officer in Immigration Office Malang, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 7(1), 1–1