Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University
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Measurement of inclusive and differential cross sections for w+w- production in proton-proton collisions at √s=13.6 tev
No full textMeasurements at root s = 13.6 TeV of the opposite-sign W boson pair production cross section in proton-proton collisions are presented. The data used in this study were collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC in 2022, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 34.8 fb(-1). Events are selected by requiring one electron and one muon of opposite charge. A maximum likelihood fit is performed on signal- and background-enriched data categories dfined by the flavor and charge of the leptons, the number of jets, and number of jets originating from b quarks. The overall sensitivity is significantly better than that of previous results with a similar integrated luminosity. The improvement comes from a more rfined control of experimental uncertainties and an improved fit strategy. An inclusive W+W- production cross section of 125.7 +/- 5.6 pb is measured, in agreement with standard model predictions. Cross sections are also reported in a fiducial region close to that of the detector acceptance, both inclusively and differentially, as a function of the jet multiplicity in the event. For the first time in proton-proton collisions, WWevents with zero, one, and at least two jets are studied simultaneously and compared with recent theoretical predictions
Thermal impacts on the erosion of compacted bentonite under flow rate
No full textCompacted bentonite is widely used as a filling and barrier material for underground storage of spent nuclear fuel waste due to its favorable properties. Over its design life, this compacted clay may be exposed to groundwater from the surrounding host rock. Depending on the modeling approaches and assumptions, the temperature to which the compacted bentonite will be exposed can vary. This paper presents the findings of laboratory investigations on the erosion of compacted bentonite at ambient temperature (26 °C) and elevated temperature (80 °C) temperatures. The compacted bentonite samples, with dry densities of 1.72 g/cm3 and 1.73 g/cm3 were subjected to erosion under a flow rate of 0.22 ml/min at 26 °C and 80 °C, respectively. The dynamic light scattering (DLS) method was employed to measure the size and quantity of the eroded particles. The amount of daily erosion and the size of the eroded particles were determined from effluent samples. The results indicate that the amount of eroded bentonite particles increased significantly with increasing temperature. Additionally, as temperature increased, the size of bentonite particles in the effluent decreased within a specific range. At 26 °C, particle sizes ranged from 59 to 6358 nm, whereas at 80 °C, the particle size distribution narrowed. © Wroclaw University of Science and Technology 2024
TEOS Modification for improved Performance in Perovskite Solar Cells: Addressing The interface Defects And Charge Transfer İssues of SnO2 ETL
No full textThe remarkable advancements in performance and rapid progress of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) in recent years have captured the interest of the photovoltaics (PVs) community. Nevertheless, defects occurring at the interface between the electron transporting layer (ETL) and perovskite, along with issues related to charge transfer, significantly impede the PV efficiency of these cells. In this study, we investigated the impact of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) on charge transfer and defect states at the interface by incorporating varying concentrations of TEOS into the SnO2 ETL and modifying the interface between the ETL and perovskite. This process can passivate the defects at the ETL/perovskite (Cs-0.05(FA(0.85)MA(0.15))(0.95)Pb(I0.85Br0.15)(3)) interface and significantly extend the carrier lifetime. Moreover, TEOS modification plays a promising role in the growth kinetics of the perovskite films. As a result, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.0% was achieved with admissible phase stability in the presence of TEOS as dopant in SnO2 ETL, while only 17.64% PCE was obtained for TEOS-free control structure. A promising PCE of 19.93% was achieved for ETL/TEOS/perovskite interface modification. This study presents a promising solution to address interface defects and charge transfer issues, which represent significant obstacles to the commercial scalability of PSCs
Abdominal compliance may influence intracranial pressure
No full textWe read with interest the recently published article by Kim
et al., which speculates the relationship between obesity and
optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) in patients undergoing
laparoscopic gynecological surgery [1].
As the authors note, high abdominal pressure levels may
further elevate intracranial pressure (ICP) during the steep
Trendelenburg position and pneumoperitoneum. In the current article, Kim et al. stated they accepted patients with a
history of ophthalmological, cerebrovascular, or brain tumor
surgery as exclusion criteria. However, patients with a history of abdominal surgery or pulmonary diseases were not
accepted as an exclusion criteria. This may complicate the
results in this article somewhat. Understanding abdominal
compliance (AC) is essential for grasping the efects of mentioned factors on abdominal pressure [2]. AC is defned as
a change in abdominal volume per alteration of the intraabdominal pressure. Previous abdominal surgery may change
abdominal compliance by gradually pre-stretching the
abdominal muscles or decreasing the distensibility of the
abdominal wall by scarring the muscle fbers and fascial
layers [3]. On the other hand, these patients' compliance
changes are observed less during surgery than in those without prior surgical experience [3]. Additionally, abdominal
compliance (AC) is associated with not only altering the
capacity of the abdominal wall but also with the stretching and pressurization capabilities of the diaphragm, which
could be afected in individuals with chronic pulmonary lung
disease [4]. This may impact ICP and ONSD by causing
changes in thoracoabdominal pressure.
Another noteworthy point in the article is that the cut-of
value of body mass index (BMI) for classifying individuals
as obese or non-obese is set at 30 kg/m2
. Therefore, the nonobese group also includes the data for overweight patients
(BMI, 25 kg/m2
to 29.9 kg/m2
). To clearly distinguish the
impact of obesity on ONSD, it would be ideal to focus exclusively on individuals with a BMI above 30 kg/m2
for those
classifed as obese and below 25 kg/m2
for those considered
non-obese. This approach will efectively highlight the differences between these two groups [5]. This way, it can highlight the diferences between these two groups meaningfully.
Based on the above, it may be more suitable to mention
the surgical and pulmonary histories of patients. It would
be more appropriate not to include overweight patients in
the non-obese group to show the actual efect of obesity on
ONSD during laparoscopic gynecological surgeries
Prognostic impact of sarcopenic obesity on postoperative outcomes in colorectal cancer patients undergoing surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textSarcopenic obesity is a condition in which the coexistence of sarcopenia and obesity may have unfavorable prognostic implications in cancer. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effects of sarcopenic obesity on postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery. A systematic literature search was conducted in the Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases for articles up to February 8, 2024. The primary outcomes were overall and major complications and overall survival. A random- or fixed-effects model was used in each case based on heterogeneity, and both subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed. Twenty studies with 11,264 patients were included. The prevalence of sarcopenic obesity was 14.5%. Sarcopenic obesity was found to be a risk factor for overall complications [pooled OR: 1.69 (95% CI: 1.26-2.26); p < 0.001] and major complications [pooled OR: 1.64 (95% CI: 1.06-2.55); p = 0.028]. The effect on overall survival was not significant [pooled HR: 1.24 (95% CI: 0.98-1.56); p = 0.076], but significance varied in some subgroups. Furthermore, sarcopenic obesity was associated with an increased risk of 30-day mortality, but not with prolonged hospitalization. In conclusion, sarcopenic obesity is associated with unfavorable outcomes after colorectal cancer surgery; therefore, it may be useful to include a diagnosis of sarcopenic obesity when formulating the disease prognosis
A new diagnosing method for psoriasis from exhaled breath
Get PDFPsoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a high global prevalence. A skin biopsy is still required to diagnose the disease; no non-invasive diagnosis method has been found. It has become a popular approach for physicians as a support system, as it classifies biological data collected without human intervention in various ways with machine learning methods. Numerous studies have been conducted using machine learning methods to increase the accuracy, performance, speed, and reliability of diagnosing various diseases. This study aims to predict whether a group of patients admitted to Hitit University Erol Olçok Training and Research Hospital have psoriasis based on exhaled breath measurements using an electronic nose system which was produced for this study by the authors. In total, 263 clinical records were examined; 120 (45.6%) were obtained from healthy individuals, while 143 (54.4%) belonged to psoriasis patients. In order to distinguish data from those of psoriasis patients and those of healthy individuals, six different machine learning algorithms were used on the breath data set. The best classification result was provided by the ExtraTreesClassifier algorithm, with an accuracy rate of 96.1%, while other algorithms have rates between 66.6% and 94.2%. The most important outcome of this study is that the model determined to distinguish psoriasis patients from healthy ones can also help in the early diagnosis of psoriasis. © 2025 IEEE
Modeling, prediction, and optimization of pump system efficiency: A comparative study of machine learning methods and response surface method
No full textThis study explores the interrelationship between pump performance, system efficiency, and noise/vibration levels by analyzing the influence of pump frequency and outlet pressure. System efficiency predictions were conducted utilizing both the Response Surface Method (RSM) and advanced machine learning algorithms, including Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Support Vector Machines (SVM), and XGBoost. The comparative analysis revealed that ANN provided the highest prediction accuracy with an R2 value of 0.946, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 1.2% and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 2.32%. However, when predicting system efficiency using external data inputs, RSM outperformed other models, achieving an R2 value of 0.96 and a mean error rate of 3.84%. Optimization via RSM was performed for target flow rates of 35, 40, and 45 m3 h−1, with the optimal flow rate determined at 35 m3 h−1, corresponding to a system efficiency of 42%. To validate these optimization results, experimental tests were conducted, revealing a flow rate of 35.4 m3 h−1 and system efficiency of 42.95%, with error margins of 1.12% and 2.21%, respectively. The study demonstrates that RSM is a robust and effective tool for optimizing pump system performance, offering practical applications in improving energy efficiency and operational stability in pumping facilities. © IMechE 2025
Evaluation of the therapeutic potential of a Schiff Base Compound: Pharmacokinetic profiling, molecular docking for Enoyl-Acyl carrier protein reductase (InhA), antimicrobial, and anticancer properties
No full textThis study investigates the therapeutic potential of a Schiff base compound (phenolphthalein derivate appended 2-furoic hydrazide) using in silico drug similarity predictions, molecular docking, and in vitro antimicrobial and cytotoxicity assays. Despite low solubility (LogS −5.564) and gastrointestinal absorption challenges, the compound demonstrates moderate lipophilicity (LogP 3.459) and strong binding affinity to mycobacterial targets, including enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (InhA) in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (−9.11 kcal/mol), suggesting antimicrobial potential. In vitro antimicrobial assays show significant activity against Gram-positive (Bacillus cereus, Bacillus licheniformis) with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.1 mM. The compound is bactericidal against Gram-positive bacteria and bacteriostatic against Gram-negative bacteria. Cytotoxicity tests on liver cancer (Mahlavu), normal liver (THLE2), and breast cancer (MCF7) cell lines reveal dose-dependent decreases in cell viability, with IC50 values of 8.77 ± 0.39 μM (Mahlavu), 10.78 ± 0.43 μM (THLE2), and 19.25 ± 2.97 μM (MCF7), indicating selective anticancer activity, particularly in liver cells. While the compound shows promising antimicrobial and anticancer effects, concerns about bioavailability, drug-drug interactions, and toxicity require further optimization. Enhancing its pharmacokinetic properties and investigating metal complexes could improve its therapeutic potential for clinical use
Copper extraction from deep eutectic solvent as atacamite by hydrolysis method
No full textDeep eutectic solvents (DESs) have garnered as promising alternatives to conventional solvents for metal extraction due to their facile synthesis, high chloride concentration, non-aqueous nature, and low cost. This work explores a green route for ultrafast extraction of atacamite [Cu2Cl(OH)3] from a deep eutectic solvent at room temperature in a short time using copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate as a precursor. The phase, chemical, morphological, and structural properties of the extracted atacamite were investigated using XRD, Rietveld method, SEM-EDX, and FTIR techniques. As a result of XRD analysis, it was determined that the atacamite with an average diameter of 85.59 mu m has an orthorhombic crystal structure. Also, it was determined that the crystal structure parameters obtained from XRD and the theoretical calculations of these values were in good agreement according to the Rietveld refinement. SEM/EDX analysis showed that the extracted atacamite particles exhibited heterogeneity in terms of size and morphology, while elemental composition was found to be homogeneous throughout the particles. UV-Vis analysis and theoretical calculations, the optical band of atacamite particles was found as 2.72 eV. Also, this study demonstrates that the hydrolysis method can serve as an efficient, low-energy pathway for the recovery of metals from DESs, highlighting its potential as a novel approach in copper metallurgy