Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University
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The effects of smoking and airway restriction on subclinical atherosclerosis
No full textPurpose: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic disease associated with systemic inflammation that may accelerate the atherosclerotic process. Smoking is a common risk factor for COPD and atherosclerosis. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of COPD and smoking on carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), in order to emphasise their importance in terms of subclinical atherosclerosis.
Materials and Methods: The study involved 208 male patients aged 45-65 years and was designed as a prospective, observational case-control study. Patients were separated into three groups, as follows: Group 1-non-smokers without airway obstruction (control) (n= 70); Group 2-smokers without airway obstruction (n= 70); and Group 3-smokers with airway obstruction(COPD) (n= 68). They were also classified into thickened CIMT (>= 0.8mm) and normal CIMT (<0.8mm) groups. Pulmonary function tests (PFT), carotid Doppler ultrasound, and biochemical and haematological tests were applied to all the participants.
Results: CIMT values were markedly increased in the COPD group (1.00 [0.90-1.30] mm), compared to the smoker group without airway obstruction (0.70 [0.58-0.90] mm) and the non-smoker control group (0.60 [0.50-0.70] mm). The factors associated with CIMT were FEV,/FVC ratio (Exp B 0.0952, p=0.003), age (Exp B 1.082, p<0.001), and cigarette pack-years (Exp B 1.030, p=0.020). In feature importance analysis, the most influential factor on CIMT was the FEV,/FVC ratio (0.54) indicating COPD, followed by age (0.33) and cigarette pack-years (0.13).
Conclusion: Among the factors influencing CIMT, the impact of a decreased FEV,/FVC ratio was found to be the highest. Therefore, screening with carotid US should be considered for the early detection of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with COPD
Measurement of the double-differential inclusive jet cross section in proton-proton collisions at s = 5.02 tev
No full textThe inclusive jet cross section is measured as a function of jet transverse momentum pT and rapidity y. The measurement is performed using proton-proton collision data at s = 5.02 TeV, recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 27.4 pb−1. The jets are reconstructed with the anti-kT algorithm using a distance parameter of R = 0.4, within the rapidity interval |y| < 2, and across the kinematic range 0.06 < pT< 1 TeV. The jet cross section is unfolded from detector to particle level using the determined jet response and resolution. The results are compared to predictions of perturbative quantum chromodynamics, calculated at both next-to-leading order and next-to-next-to-leading order. The predictions are corrected for nonperturbative effects, and presented for a variety of parton distribution functions and choices of the renormalization/factorization scales and the strong coupling αS. © The Author(s) 2025
Nutritional determinants of health-related quality of life in community-dwelling and institutionalized older adults: nutritional assessment scores, dietary acid load, and anthropometric measurements
No full textAim: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between nutritional parameters and health-related quality of life in institutionalized and community-dwelling older adults. Methods: The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and Short Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire 65+ were used as nutritional assessment tools. The three-day dietary record was used to determine nutrient intakes and the data were analyzed in the Nutrition Information System, a food analysis software. Anthropometric measurements related to nutritional status were also recorded. The Short-Form-36 (SF-36) health-related quality of life scale was used to assess life quality. Results: Correlation analysis showed that SF-36 physical component scores were negatively associated with body mass index (BMI) and SF-36 mental component scores were positively associated with MNA in communitydwellingolderadults. In institutionalized older adults, both SF-36 scores were positively correlated with MNA and muscle mass. Furthermore, multiple linear regression analyses showed that both SF-36 scores were positively associated with MNA and negatively associated with BMI in all participants. However, dietary acid load was not significantly associated with SF-36 scores. Conclusions: The MNA was almost the only nutritional parameter positively correlated with SF-36 physical and mental component scores. Therefore, it is thought that MNA, a nutritional assessmenttool, can also be considered in assessing quality of life
Electropolymerization of organoclays and usage of synthesized polymer-clay nanocomposite as a matrix for cell adhesion
No full textOne of the prominent topics in nanobiotechnology is the development of multifunctional biocompatible materials at the nanoscale and the creation of an artificial extracellular matrix (ECM) through the proper design of these material surfaces. In this study, a polymer-clay nanocomposite was synthesized via electropolymerization method to investigate the adhesion of U87-MG glioblastoma cells. Initially, 2-(4H-dithieno [3,2-b:2′,3′-d] pyrrol-4-yl)-3-mercapto propanoic acid (DTP-SH) and 4-(4H-dithieno [3,2-b:2′,3′-d] pyrrole-4-yl) phenethyl) aniline (DTP-NH2) monomers were synthesized and characterized. DTP-NH2 monomer was incorporated between montmorillonite (MMT) clay layers by ion exchange reaction and characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDS), and X-Ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The obtained (DTP-NH2)-MMT was polymerized using the cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique on screen-printed gold (Au) electrode surface to form polymer-clay nanocomposite. For the first time in literature, a conductive polymer-based polymer-clay nanocomposite was synthesized using the electrochemical polymerization as an alternative to traditional methods. After the formation of P(DTP-NH₂)-MMT on the DTP-SH-coated Au surface, the GMT8 aptamer was covalently immobilized to generate a biofunctional surface. Electrochemical characterization of the resulting surface was subsequently performed using cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). U87-MG glioblastoma and L929 fibroblast (negative control) cell lines were incubated on the P(DTP-NH2)-MMT/GMT8 surface. Finally, cell adhesion was examined using DPV technique and fluorescence imaging. The results demonstrated that the aptamer-functionalized P(DTP-NH₂)-MMT surface supported significantly higher adhesion of U87-MG cells compared to the control, indicating its promising potential as a cell adhesion platform. © 2025 Elsevier B.V
Search for light long-lived particles decaying to displaced jets in proton-proton collisions at √s = 13.6 tev
No full textA search for light long-lived particles (LLPs) decaying to displaced jets is presented, using a data sample of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13.6 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 34.7 fb−1, collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC in 2022. Novel trigger, reconstruction, and machine-learning techniques were developed for and employed in this search. After all selections, the observations are consistent with the background predictions. Limits are presented on the branching fraction of the Higgs boson to LLPs that subsequently decay to quark pairs or tau lepton pairs. An improvement by up to a factor of 10 is achieved over previous limits for models with LLP masses smaller than 60 GeV and proper decay lengths smaller than 1 m. The first constraints are placed on the fraternal twin Higgs (FTH) and folded supersymmetry (FSUSY) models, where the lower bounds on the top quark partner mass reach up to 350 GeV for the FTH model and 250 GeV for the FSUSY model. © 2025 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd
Evaluation of carbohydrate-containing fluid preloading in pregnant women using the obstetric quality of recovery scale after caesarean section
Get PDFObjective: To test the short and long-term effects of consuming carbohydrate-rich beverages on patient-centred outcomes after caesarean delivery under spinal anaesthesia. Study Design: A prospective randomised controlled study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Karaman Training and Research Hospital, Karaman, Methodology: A total of one hundred parturients were randomly assigned to two groups. Fifty parturients were in the control group (Group C) and 50 in the oral carbohydrate preloading group (Group OCH). Group OCH were given carbohydrate-rich fluids, while those in Group C received distilled water before undergoing elective caesarean surgery. The primary outcome of this study was to evaluate the Obstetric Quality of Recovery-10 scores (ObsQoR-10) at the postoperative 24(th )hour. Secondary outcomes were ObsQoR-10 scores on the postoperative 3rd and 7(th ) day, postoperative pain scores, VAS scores, opioid consumption, and sensation of breast fullness. Welch's t-test and mixed-effect models were employed to analyse the outcomes. Results: The total recovery scores of both groups at the 24th hour, 3rd day, and 7(th ) day were similar (Group C: 80.08 +/- 15.58, Group OCH: 80.18 +/- 14.6; Group C: 93.98 +/- 7.45, Group OCH: 94.12 +/- 8.86; Group C: 97.2 +/- 5.16, and Group OCH: 98.16 +/- 3.18, respectively). The sensation of breast fullness was significantly higher in the Group OCH (p 0.05). Conclusion: Although carbohydrate-rich beverages did not affect the ObsQoR-10 score, they may have a notable influence on the increase of breast fullness and tenderness, which promotes breastfeeding among postoperative mothers
The ability of the prognostic nutritional index to predict short-term mortality in geriatric acute heart failure
No full textBackground Heart failure is a critical cardiovascular condition, necessitating comprehensive treatment approaches and contributing to elevated mortality rates. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) on the prognosis of geriatric patients diagnosed with acute heart failure. Results A total of 104 patients were included and evaluated retrospectively in this study; 57.7% of them were females, and 19.24% of the patients died. A statistically significant difference was identified between high (>= 35.6) and low PNI (< 35.6) groups in terms of lymphocyte count, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, C-reactive protein, and albumin (p values: < 0.001, < 0.001, 0.011, and < 0.001, respectively). The area under the curve (AUC) value for albumin was 0.53 (95% CI: 0.30-0.83) with a cutoff value of 3.1 g/dL; for lymphocyte count, it was 0.61 (95% CI: 0.57-0.84) with a cutoff value of 0.34 x 103/mu L; and for PNI, it was 0.58 (95% CI: 41.18-85.06) with a cutoff value of 34.6. Conclusion The low PNI group exhibited a significantly higher mortality rate; nonetheless, PNI alone does not hold clinical significance as a prognostic marker. However, when combined with other clinical parameters, it can contribute to a more comprehensive assessment of patients
Genetic algorithms assisted machine learning algorithms to optimize nano-phytoremediation of cadmium designed by response surface methodology
No full textAdvancements in nanotechnology and artificial intelligence can enhance phytoremediation efficacy, particularly in removing hazardous contaminants like cadmium (Cd). Experiment was conducted by using different concentrations of Cd and titanium dioxide (TiO2) NPs for different time periods, designed by design of experiment of with a total of 20 combinations. Response Surface Regression Analysis was used for data analysis to identify optimal input factors. Results revealed that TiO2 nanoparticles significantly improved the efficiency of phytoremediation by increasing Cd uptake. Cd absorption rates were predicted using machine learning models, and their performance was evaluated using R2 and MSE metrics. Moreover, the Genetic Algorithm (GA) was employed to minimize MSE between predicted and actual Cd absorption values. Ceratophyllum demersum showed an absorption capacity of 99.58%, with a remaining Cd concentration as low as 0.0199 mg/L. The Gaussian Process Regressor (GPR) was the most accurate predictive model with an R2 of 0.99 and MSE of 0.07. The Genetic Algorithm (GA) further optimized the process, identifying optimal NP concentration, Cd concentration, and treatment time. It was concluded that computational models exhibited enhanced Cd absorption due to a synergetic relationship between Cd concentration and treatment time, and absorption efficiency was further enhanced by the supplementation of TiO2 nanoparticles
Novel optical microcapsule sensor for effective recognition of Hg(II) and Ag(I) ions in the aquatic environments
No full textBecause conventional methods for the detection of heavy metal ions in water involve expensive equipment and complex procedures, there is a lot of interest in the improvement of simple and quick methods for determining heavy metal ions in water. Use of natural polymers as biosorbents such as sporopollenin for heavy metal removal is advantageous. There is an urgent demand to devise a simple method for the simultaneous detection of metal ions, especially in the case of mercury(II) and silver(I) coexisting among metals. Therefore, in this study, a fluorescent microcapsule sensor (SpT-P[5]-EB), the modified sporopollenin surface based-on a combination of Pillar[5]arene and Bodipy, was developed to detect silver(I) and mercury(II) ions simultaneously or separate with an “on-off” principle in the aquatic environment. The fluorescent microcapsule, SpT-P[5]-EB, indicated a high sensitivity and excellent selectivity for both silver(I) and mercury(II) ions with detection limits of 1.51 µM and 0.72 µM, respectively. The Hg(II) and Ag(I) ions may be detected simultaneously or individually using the SpT-P[5]-EB microcapsule sensor in easy, practical, and affordable procedures. © 2024 Elsevier LtdKaramanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi, KMÜ; Selcuk Universit
Eco-friendly lead-free metal halide perovskites: progress and prospects in multifunctional applications
No full textRecently, metal halide perovskites have engrossed a lot of attraction in the field of developing optoelectronic technologies due to their special optical-electronic characteristics. The toxicity of lead (Pb) based perovskites has developed a major obstacle that restricts their widespread use, despite the fact that they seem to be rising stars in optoelectronic devices. To overcome this hurdle, Pb-free substitutive perovskites have earned growing interest because of their theoretically remarkable environment friendly optoelectronic properties besides compromising stability and enactment. They are not only gaining attention for applications in solar devices but their properties make them an ideal candidate for many other demanding applications. To elucidate the applicability of eco-friendly perovskites in numerous applications, the present article provides an extensive overview of current developments in eco-friendly perovskites in a range of contemporary applications outside of photovoltaics. An overview of these Pb-free perovskites' crystal structure and chemical variety is initially presented. For a number of purposes like artificial synapses, light-emitting diodes, resistive switching memory, photodetectors, and displays, a methodical review of lead-free perovskites is presented in this article. The demonstration of photocatalysis, radiation detection, imaging, sensors, thermoelectric and piezoelectric energy harvesting, and more is crucial. Pb-free perovskite future development prospects and challenges in the aforementioned fields are described, that are thought to be essential for accelerating the profitable adoption of above-mentioned cutting-edge technologies. © 2025 Elsevier B.V