Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University
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Disruptive electrochromic materials: carbazole-based conjugated polymers
No full textCarbazole-based conjugated polymers are revolutionizing electrochromic technology and becoming indispensable materials for cutting-edge applications. These polymers showcase exceptional electrochromic capabilities, featuring high coloration efficiency, fast switching times, and outstanding stability, all tailored to their unique structure and doping levels. This review explores the innovative realm of EC conjugated polymers, highlighting the charge transport and photoconductive role of carbazole (Cz) as a main chain building block or subunit, making these materials ideal for use in smart windows, displays, and other optoelectronic devices. The resulting polymers of Cz demonstrate diverse electrochromic behaviors, ranging from transparent to green and blue color transitions, depending on the specific structure and doping level. The presence of carbazole units within the polymer backbone or as side chain substituents allows for further tuning of the material's properties through chemical modification. Furthermore, our review emphasizes the importance of understanding the relationship between the molecular structures of the polymers and their resulting electrochromic properties. By systematically studying the effects of different substituents, linkage positions, and polymerization techniques, researchers can gain valuable insights into the design principles that govern the performance of these materials. This knowledge is crucial for the development of next-generation electrochromic devices with improved efficiency, durability, and functionality
Enhancing the Thermal Properties of Foam Concrete with Pumice-Encapsulated soy wax Phase Change Material: a Novel Approach
No full textThis study explored an innovative technique for improving the thermal characteristics of foam concrete by incorporating soy wax phase change material (PCM) encapsulated within pumice. The core of this research is the development of PCM-pumice aggregates through the macro encapsulation of soy wax. This process involves direct impregnation, where melted soy wax is uniformly distributed within the porous structure of lightweight pumice aggregates. The thermal properties of the resulting foam concrete, notably its thermal conductivity, were rigorously evaluated. This evaluation entailed measuring the conductivity using a heat flow meter and subjecting the concrete samples to controlled temperature cycles, with a focus on the 25 °C and 55 °C marks. These specific temperatures were chosen to assess the impact of the PCM phase change on the thermal behavior of the concrete. Key findings indicate that the incorporation of PCM-pumice aggregates markedly improves thermal conductivity and heat retention in the solid state while simultaneously reducing fluidity, density, and compressive strength as a result of increased cohesion and porosity. Thermal conductivity significantly increased by up to 37% in the solid state relative to the control mix, due to the phase change material occupying air gaps within the concrete. Conversely, the thermal conductivity decreased in the liquid state, utilizing the PCM's latent heat capacity to lower heat transfer rates
Characterization of silver nanoparticles synthesized using hypericum perforatum L. and their effects on staphylococcus aureus
Full text linkThis study investigates the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Hypericum perforatum L. and evaluates their antibacterial and antibiofilm activities against Staphylococcus aureus. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). UV-Vis spectroscopy showed a maximum absorption peak at 448 nm, which indicates that nanoparticles have been formed successfully. TEM analysis showed that the AgNPs were spherical, with an average size of 35 ± 2.7 nm. FTIR confirmed the presence of functional groups on the surface of AgNP that may be contributing to its biological activity. The AgNPs exhibited significant antibacterial activity, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 75 μg/mL and an inhibition zone of 13 ± 0.13 mm at this concentration. They were also highly effective in inhibiting biofilm formation even at a concentration of 25 μg/mL, reducing biofilm formation by 47.25% ± 3.51%. At increased concentrations, nanoparticles have been shown to compromise bacterial membranes, leading to significant membrane disruption. This disruption subsequently results in a reduction of cellular respiration, with observed decreases of approximately twofold when compared to controls. Additionally, nanoparticles facilitate the production of superoxide anions, which can rise by about threefold, consequently enhancing the overall effectiveness of bacterial inactivation. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) revealed structural damage to bacterial cells treated with AgNPs, supporting their antimicrobial effects. These findings suggest that AgNPs synthesized from H. perforatum could serve as effective antimicrobial agents against S. aureus. Their ability to disrupt bacterial cell membranes, inhibit respiration, and induce oxidative stress makes them promising candidates for antimicrobial and antibiofilm applications, particularly given the increasing concern over bacterial resistance to conventional antibiotics
Anatomical and embryological development of the chick cerebrum in different embryonic periods
Full text linkThe objective of this study is to assess the embryological and morphometric development of the chick cerebrum during specific incubation periods. The cerebrums of 24 Babcock White Leghorn chicks, six each from the 10th, 13th, 16th and 21st days of the incubation period, were used in the study. After removing the heads of fixed embryos from the upper edge of the atlas, the brains were taken out of the cranial cavity. Morphometric measurements were performed on the removed brains, and paraffin blocks were prepared following the routine histological procedure. Sections 5 mu m thick were taken from the blocks, with an additional 10 mu m thick section taken every 50th section. The slides were then stained using Crossmon's triple stain and Kl & uuml;ver-Barrera staining methods and photographed. The sectional images were transferred to the ImageJ programme, brain volume was calculated using stereological methods, and histological measurements were performed. The development of brain parts in selected embryonic periods was examined in detail, focusing on anatomical and histological aspects. According to the results, it was determined that all measured parameters, except the third ventricle width, increased and were statistically significant (p < 0.05). It is believed that the findings of this study will enhance the understanding of the region's anatomy. The new morphometric data can serve as reference data in neurotoxicity and embryotoxicity studies.Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit; ['45-M-23]This study is supported by Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit under grant number '45-M-23'
Synthesis and Photoluminescence Properties of Eu3+-Activated Ba2Cd(BO3)2 Red-Emitting Phosphors for Near-Ultraviolet Excited White Light-Emitting Diodes
No full textA new class of rare-earth doped borate phosphors, Ba2Cd(BO3)2: xEu3+ (x = 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 mol%), was synthesized using the high-temperature solid-state reaction technique in air. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the phase formation of Ba2Cd(BO3)2, while Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) revealed the presence of trigonal [BO3] units. The surface morphology was studied using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) identified the elements. Photoluminescence (PL) analysis showed that the phosphors emitted at 592, 613, 652, and 701 nm, corresponding to the 5D0 → 7F1, 5D0 → 7F2, 5D0 → 7F3, and 5D0 → 7F4 transition of Eu3+ ions, respectively. The 613 nm red emission, from the 5D0 → 7F2 transition, was strongest for the 6 mol% Eu3+ sample. The emission intensity increased with Eu3+ concentration, peaking at 6 mol%. CIE chromaticity, correlated color temperature (CCT), and color purity calculations showed acceptable color coordinates (0.6426 and 0.3548), a low CCT value (2355 K), and high purity (91.34%), making the 6 mol% Eu3+-doped phosphor ideal for red light in white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs)
Kinect-based anthropometric measurements: a comparative analysis of traditional methods in youth female weightlifters
No full textBackgroundThe importance of anthropometric measurements for monitoring the physical development of athletes and optimizing training programs is well known. Considering the limitations of traditional methods in terms of accuracy and consistency, the aim of this study is to investigate the potential of Kinect V2 as an alternative.MethodsThis study wasperformed on 12 youth female weightlifters who won medals in the Youth European Weightlifting Championship. Humerus length, forearm length, hand length, trochanter-tibiale laterale length, tibial length and shoulder width measurements were performed with both Kinect V2 and manual methods. Statistical differences between groups were evaluated using the Mann-Whitney U test. The consistencies of the measurement methods were analyzed with Bland-Altman plots, correlations were determined with Pearson correlation coefficients, and reliability were evaluated with Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) values.ResultsKinect V2 provided accuracy and consistency comparable to manual methods in measurements of humerus (ICC = 0.532), forearm (ICC = 0.600), and hand length (ICC = 0.760). While medium-level concordance was observed in trochanter-tibiale lateral length measurements (ICC = 0.749), high-level concordance and reliability were found in tibial length (ICC = 0.914) and shoulder width (ICC = 0.869) measurements.ConclusionsThere were significant differences between the results of humerus length, forearm length and trochanter-tibiale laterale length obtained with both measurement methods. Therefore, measurements of these parameters require significant care. Findings of this study suggest that Kinect V2 can be a reliable tool for rapid and practical anthropometric assessments in sports settings, but highlight the importance of careful calibration and adjustments for specific measurements. Future studies should examine the use of this device more comprehensively across different sports and populations
Investigating the effects of metabolic and bariatric surgery on systemic immune-inflammation index and its relationship with smoking
Full text linkPurposeThe contribution of obesity to inflammation may play a role in the progression of obesity-associated medical problems. The systemic immune inflammation index (SII) has recently been identified as a prognostic indicator for many adverse conditions. The primary purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of metabolic and bariatric surgeries on white blood cell (WBC), platelet (PLT), lymphocyte (LYN), neutrophil (NEU), neutrophil/lymphocyte (NLR), platelet/neutrophil (PLR), and systemic immune inflammation index (SII). The secondary aim was to evaluate the effects of sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and gastric bypass (GB) surgeries, the most commonly performed metabolic and bariatric procedures, on individual inflammation parameters and their relationship with smoking status.MethodsThe blood inflammatory markers of the participants who underwent surgery were analyzed using the data evaluated during routine clinic follow-ups in the preoperative period and postoperative 1st, 3rd, 6th, and 12th months.ResultsThe primary result was a statistically significant decrease in WBC, NEU, NLR, and SII values in the 3rd postoperative month in those who underwent metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) (p values for each parameter: 0.000, 0.000, 0.028, and 0.006, respectively). A statistically significant decrease in WBC, NEU, and SII values in the 3rd postoperative month compared to preoperative values in nonsmoking individuals with obesity who underwent sleeve gastrectomy surgery was presented as our secondary result (p values for each parameter: 0.000, 0.000, and 0.015, respectively).ConclusionIn our study, MBS provided significant regression in inflammation parameters at 3 months after surgery in people smoking less than 10 cigarettes per day, although this effect did not seem to persist long term.Clinical Trial RegistrationACTRN1262300016261
Low-level tracking palladium species with a xanthene-indandione conjugated system in foodstuff, environmental samples, and living cells
No full textPalladium (Pd) is a significant heavy metal with outstanding catalytic properties, extensively utilized in the pharmaceutical industry and organic chemistry. Due to the detrimental impact of palladium on human health and the environment, there is a pressing need for efficient and convenient analytical techniques. In this context, we have created a simple fluorescent switch-on probe, INX[sbnd]Pd, for the selective determination of Pd0. The allyl carbonate in INX-Pd could be entirely cleaved by Pd0 to produce the intermediate INX-OH, resulting in distinct colorimetric and fluorometric alterations. INX-Pd displayed high sensitivity in detecting Pd0, with a detection limit of 56 nM, and a fast response time (2.0 min). INX-Pd was successively utilized to determine Pd0 in drugs, water, soil, and various foodstuff samples as well as smartphone and test strips. Moreover, cell imaging experiments demonstrated that INX-Pd is suitable for imaging Pd0 in living cells. © 2024 Elsevier LtdSelçuk University Research Foundation, (SUBAP-23401167); Selçuk University Research Foundatio
Does running performance relate to the market value of elite male soccer players? A case study from the FIFA world cup
No full textThe study main aim was to investigate: the relationship between running performances and market values of soccer players playing in the 2022 FIFA World Cup, by playing position and all players; the comparisons by playing position; to analyse the relationship between running metrics and market values of the highest and lowest players ranked players. The relationship between running metrics and market values of 306 soccer players who participated in the tournament and played full time, as well as the 40 players with the highest (n = 20) and lowest (n = 20) market values was analysed. Overall, there was a very weak correlation between market values and total distance (r = 0.149), zone 3 (r = 0.153), zone 4 (r = 0.139), zone 5 (r = 0.160), high-speed runs (r = 0.132), sprints (r = 0.147), and top speed (r = 0.194) for all players (p 0.05). While there is no significant correlation between running metrics and market value for players with the lowest market value (p > 0.05), there was a moderate negative correlation between total distance (r=-0.577) and zone 2 (r=-0.612) for the 20 players with the highest market value (p < 0.05). Moreover, there was a weak correlation with zone 5 (r = 0.450) and a moderate correlation with the top speed values (r = 0.596) (p < 0.05). Weak correlations between soccer players' running performance and market values suggest that different running thresholds are important metrics, although other factors (e.g., technical skill, age, national and team club) may influence this relationship. In conclusion, since coaches and scouts aim to recruit relatively talented players within the limits of their budgets, selecting athletes with high aerobic and anaerobic performance, particularly those with a strong high-intensity running profile, can contribute to team success and potentially generate high transfer revenues in the future
The impact of social media addiction on pregnancy stress and prenatal attachment
No full textThe purpose of this study is to determine the impact of social media addiction on pregnancy stress and prenatal attachment. The study was conducted between November 2023 and April 2024 with a sample of 277 pregnant women. This descriptive, cross-sectional, and correlational study utilized several instruments, including the Demographic Information Form, the Social Media Addiction Scale-Adult Form (SMAS-AF), the Fear of Missing Out Scale (FoMO), the Pregnancy Stress Rating Scale (PSRS), and The Prenatal Attachment Inventory (PAI). The findings revealed that the majority of the participants used social media to gain information related to their pregnancy (60.3%) and childbirth (46.6%). It was observed that the participants had a moderate level of social media addiction (40.56±9.82). The study found that as levels of social media addiction and FoMO increased, pregnancy stress also increased. Additionally, no significant relationship was found between social media addiction and prenatal attachment, although a higher level of FoMO was associated with a decrease in prenatal attachment. It is recommended that the number of healthcare professionals who provide accessible education and follow-up services to pregnant women be increased. Moreover, preventive and supportive environments should be established within healthcare services to guide the use of social media during pregnancy