PURKH (E-Journals)
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RLS Wiener Filter and Fixed-Point Smoother with Randomly Delayed or Uncertain Observations in Linear Discrete-Time Stochastic Systems
Get PDFThis paper designs the recursive least-squares (RLS) Wiener fixed-point smoother and filter from randomly delayed observed values by multiple sampling times or uncertain observations in linear discrete-time stochastic systems. The observed value is generated in terms of the delayed observed values or uncertain observed values. In the case of the observed value with delay or without delay, their probabilities are assigned. Here, each observation includes signal plus white observation noise. Related to the uncertain observed value with delay or without delay, the probability that the observation consists of only observation noise is allocated, according to the time delayed or not delayed. It is assumed that the delay and uncertain measurements are characterized by the Bernoulli random variables. The RLS Wiener estimators use the following information. (1) The system matrix. (2) The observation matrix. (3) The variance of the state vector. (4) The probabilities concerned with the delayed observation and the uncertain observation. (5) The variance of white observation noise
Make Semantic Analysis of Opinions about social networking using Blog Search Engines
Get PDFThere is no consensus amongst the academic communities weather Social media is a boon or bane for the students. Semantic analysis and blog search was used to get extracts opinions of the bloggers regarding various aspects of using social media in education and employment
A General Study on Langevin Equations of Arbitrary Order
Get PDFIn this paper, the broad study depends on Langevin differential equations (LDE) of arbitrary order.The fractional order is in terms of ψ-Hilfer fractional operator. This work reveals the dynamicalbehaviour such as existence, uniqueness and stability solutions for LDE involving ψ-Hilfer fractionalerivative (HFD). Thus the fractional LDE with boundary condition, impulsive effect and nonlocalconditions are taken in account to prove the result
Can the Mystery of the Speed of Light be Unveiled by Kinetic Waves?
Get PDFAn in-depth analysis of the dynamics connected to the Doppler-effect brings clear light to elements of contradiction with the original ground on which the axiom of the constancy of lightspeed was based.
Thereby, with regard to electromagnetic phenomenology, the duality waves/particles and the wavy dynamic of light-propagation suggest the existence of a natural kind of waves, which differently from the classic ones, are originating by kinetic thrust and propagating, also though vacuum, by inertial force. The model taken into consideration, to which has been given the name of “kinetic waves” is, like the classic one, a concretely existing natural phenomenon which can also be visually perceived if produced on molecular scale. Moreover, kinetic waves seem to offer many more points of similarity, in dynamic and behavior, with the electromagnetic waves, than the classic model.
Applying the obtained results to astrophysical field, taking as example the quasar 3C-273, the recently found, most far galaxy GN-z11 and the galaxy NGC 224 (better known as Andromeda), can mathematically and concretely be sustained that none of the energy sources we optically perceive, showing a Doppler-shift, is regressing nor approaching.
In the appendix, a suggested and accurately described experiment on base of Radar Astronomy to possibly confirm the validity of the model presented by this article
The Lagrangean Hydrodynamic Representation of Dirac Equation
Get PDFThis work derives the Lagrangean hydrodynamic representation of the Dirac field that, by using the minimum action principle in the non-Euclidean generalization, can possibly lead to the formulation of the Einstein equation as a function of the fermion field
Multiply Charged Ions and Their Effective Applications
Get PDFThe creation of high-power lasers has opened a new era in the development of basic research and cutting-edge technologies in various fields of practical application. All this is, first of all, due to the unique properties of laser sources of high-power coherent radiation. They include: a) high monochromaticity (i.e. a small width of the emission line), which offers new opportunities in high-resolution spectroscopy; b) high spatial and temporal coherence (i.e. the occurrence of light oscillations in a coordinated manner, resulting thereby in a distinct interference pattern), which gives a strong impetus to the development of holography and optical information processing methods; c) a relatively high specific energy that can be emitted by the laser, d) a possibility of varying the length of time during which the energy stored in the laser can be emitted in a wide range of durations: from continuous to femtoseconds; e) a possibility of variations in the temporal structure of radiation from tens of Hz up to tens of GHz; and f) a small divergence, which enables tight focusing. Due to these properties, the laser power density, which can affect the substance, reaches a giant value on the order of 1020 W/cm–2. Consequently, it is possible to expose a substance to radiation whose power density exceeds all known today values characterizing natural and artificial sources. This fantastic opportunity has been thoroughly investigated in the recent decades by scientists from different countries. Clearly, by gradually increasing the laser energy and reducing the length of time during which that energy is emitted, it is possible to observe several stages of an interaction like this
1H-NMR study of unheated and heated marijuana and hashish extracts from cannabis seizures in Egypt
Get PDF: Is to detect the presence of delta-9-tertrahydrocannabinol (THC) and other cannabinoids in samples of cannabis seized in Egypt with the use of nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR). Methods: Extracts of cannabis seizures were prepared from marijuana (the dried flowering tops and leaves) or from hashish (the compressed plant resin). Cannabis extraction was carried out on unheated or heated samples using either chloroform or methanol. 1H-NMR spectrum for cannabis extract was determined in CDCl3 with a JEOL ECA-500. Results: 1H-NMR indicate that the extracts of the cannabis samples contain THC as the major constituent. The 1H-NMR of heated cannabis extracts showed only THC while the 1H-NMR spectra of unheated extracts showed the presence of THC as a major compound beside minor fraction of cannabinol (CBN), both are decraboxylated. Conclusion: The 1H-NMR spectra indicate the presence of THC as the major compound
Renewable Energy Technologies for Future and Sustainable Development
Get PDFPeople are relying upon oil for primary energy and this will continue for a few more decades. Other conventional sources may be more enduring, but are not without serious disadvantages. The renewable energy resources are particularly suited for the provision of rural power supplies and a major advantage is that equipment such as flat plate solar driers, wind machines, etc., can be constructed using local resources. Without the advantage results from the feasibility of local maintenance and the general encouragement such local manufacture gives to the build-up of small-scale rural based industry. This communication comprises a comprehensive review of energy sources, the environment and sustainable development. It includes the renewable energy technologies, energy efficiency systems, energy conservation scenarios, energy savings in greenhouses environment and other mitigation measures necessary to reduce climate change. This study gives some examples of small-scale energy converters, nevertheless it should be noted that small conventional, i.e., engines are currently the major source of power in rural areas and will continue to be so for a long time to come. There is a need for some further development to suit local conditions, to minimise spares holdings, to maximise the interchangeability of the engine parts, and of the engine applications. Emphasis should be placed on full local manufacture. It is concluded that renewable environmentally friendly energy must be encouraged, promoted, implemented and demonstrated by a full-scale plant (device) especially for use in remote rural areas
Interaction of EDNA With Proton-A DFT Treatment
Get PDFA composite of EDNA, with proton in vacuum have been considered within the constraints of density functional theory at the levels of B3LYP/6-31++G(d,p) (restricted and unrestricted) and ωB97X-D/6-311+G(d,p). The results of structure optimization indicated that unexpectedly hydrogen molecule production occurs by the interaction of proton and a methylenic hydrogen of EDNA resulting a carbocation formation on the explosive molecule. The remnant of the nitramine molecule is stabilized partly by the nearby nitro oxygen atoms through space. The calculated IR and UV- VIS spectra of the species were obtained and discussed
Effect of Oxidant 1, 3-Dichloro-5-5-Dimethylhydantoin and 5, 5-Dimethylhydantoin with Different Substrates: The Kinetic Measurements
Get PDFThe kinetic measurement with different concentration of oxidant 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin and 5,5-dimethylhydantoin with ℓ–alanine, ℓ-glycine and ℓ–valine. The catalytic effect of acid in the reaction rate reveal an interaction between oxidants species H2O+Cl and substrates. The observed order of reactivity of ℓ-amino acids (ℓ-glycine > ℓ–alanine > ℓ-valine) was explained on the basis of hydrolysis of reacting species