European Journals of Education Studies
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WHAT’S AN ACADEMIC DISCIPLINE WORTH? ANALYZING ECONOMIC, SUBJECTIVE, AND CLASS IDENTITY RETURNS TO HIGHER EDUCATION
Full text linkThis study provides a comprehensive assessment of the multidimensional returns to different academic disciplines by examining income differentials, job satisfaction, and subjective social class identification across five major categories: Business, STEM, Social Sciences, Humanities, and Other fields. Using nationally representative data from the General Social Survey (2012-2022), I analyze outcomes among 5,324 college graduates through multiple regression models that account for demographic and contextual factors. Results reveal significant differences in economic returns, with STEM graduates earning approximately 12.3% more than Business graduates, while Social Sciences majors earn 9.4% less. However, job satisfaction shows minimal variation across disciplines, suggesting that subjective well-being may depend more on person-environment fit than field-specific advantages. Subjective social class identification demonstrates significant field-based variation even after controlling for income, with STEM graduates most likely (β = 0.277, p < 0.001) and Humanities (β = -0.350, p < 0.01) and Other fields (β = -0.579, p < 0.01) least likely to identify with higher social classes. Gender moderates these relationships, with smaller gender gaps in Social Sciences (β = 0.146, p < 0.05) and Humanities (β = 0.225, p < 0.01) compared to Business and STEM fields. A composite ROI index integrating all three dimensions confirms STEM's overall advantage (β = 0.092, p < 0.001), followed by Business, with Social Sciences (β = -0.066, p < 0.01), Humanities (β = -0.097, p < 0.01), and Other fields (β = -0.156, p < 0.05) showing progressively lower comprehensive returns. The study provides evidence-based insights for educational policy, career guidance, and individual decision-making, suggesting that optimal educational choices may differ depending on which dimensions of success individuals prioritize. By revealing how different academic disciplines shape multiple aspects of career outcomes, this research contributes to a more nuanced understanding of the complex relationship between educational investment and life trajectories in modern society. Article visualizations
CHALLENGES ENCOUNTERED AMONG IP PARENTS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MODULAR DISTANCE LEARNING
Full text linkModular distance learning is the only solution to continue education during the pandemic. In far-flung areas of the Philippines, learning is possible through the utilization of self-learning modules. In this learning mode, parents’ involvement is much needed, especially at the elementary level. Parents need to act as teachers to their children. Thus, regardless of their educational background, work and age, they are obliged to look for their children when answering the modules. The method of this study is qualitative research. The respondents were the five IP parents of the learners in the elementary school in the Tboli West 2 district. The data were collected using questionnaires and analysed using qualitative descriptive analysis. The result showed that the challenges encountered by IP parents during the implementation of modular distance learning during the pandemic include time management and a lack of prior knowledge of lessons given. The result showed that despite the challenges encountered by the IP parents, with their experiences, they were able to develop a positive outlook and develop time management. This study suggests that understanding the difficulty of the parents adds to the body of education information. Article visualizations
NAVIGATING THE COMPLEX INTERPLAY OF IDENTITY AND SOCIAL HIERARCHY WITHIN THE DIVERSE RUNNING COMMUNITY: A SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Full text linkThe surge in recreational running has strengthened community ties within the sport. This paper examines how runners form and express their identities through personal narratives influenced by motivations, social interactions, and existing social structures. Identity formation among runners is shaped by individual goals and social influences, with some driven to improve themselves while others seek to avoid peer judgment. Age differences also impact how runners develop their identities, with younger and older runners adopting varying approaches based on their life stages. Although many begin running alone, they often join groups that foster a sense of belonging; however, the loss of these groups can lead to feelings of isolation. Advancements in technology, such as running apps and social media, have enhanced connections among runners. While running is generally accessible, cultural, economic, and natural capital factors affect each runner's experience and highlight the diversity within the community. Societal expectations, particularly regarding gender roles, influence runners' choices and can create a hierarchical division in their identities as they navigate the balance between running and family responsibilities. The paper emphasizes the complexity of identity in recreational running, illustrating how personal experiences intertwine with broader social and cultural dynamics. Article visualizations
A STUDY ON PHYSICAL TRAINING EXERCISES FOR STUDENTS WITH LOW PHYSICAL FITNESS AT THE HIGH SCHOOL OF EDUCATION PRACTICE, CAN THO UNIVERSITY, VIETNAM
Full text linkPhysical education in schools is a compulsory subject within the national curriculum across all educational levels and plays a vital role in achieving the goal of holistic education. This study aims to select a set of physical training exercises designed to improve the fitness of students with limited physical capacity at the High School of Education Practice, Can Tho University, Vietnam. To address the aim, the research employed standard scientific methods commonly used in sports science, including document analysis, survey, pedagogical testing, experimental teaching, and statistical analysis. The research sample consisted of 38 tenth-grade students at the High School of Education Practice, Can Tho University, who were identified as having low physical fitness. The study identified 10 exercises, specifically one for speed development, two for strength development, three for endurance improvement, two for flexibility enhancement, and two for coordination skills. These exercises have been proven to contribute significantly to improving the overall physical fitness of students with lower fitness levels at the school. Article visualizations
DEVELOPING A SCALE TO ASSESS MENTAL HEALTH AND SATISFACTION OF STUDENTS PARTICIPATING IN EXTRACURRICULAR SPORTS CLUBS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF DANANG, VIETNAM
Full text linkPromoting well-organized extracurricular sports clubs in universities is essential in today’s educational landscape, as these activities support students’ overall development by improving physical health, personal skills, and athletic performance. This study aims to develop a measurement scale to assess the mental health status and satisfaction levels of students engaged in extracurricular sports clubs at the University of Da Nang, Vietnam. To achieve this aim, the study employed a combination of methods, including document synthesis, expert survey, and statistical analysis that is specific to the field of physical education and sports. The research involved 2,913 second-year students from various member institutions of the University of Da Nang, along with 12 experts and lecturers specializing in physical education. The study successfully identified seven indicators for assessing mental health and fifteen indicators for evaluating student satisfaction. Findings reveal that both the mental health and satisfaction of participating students were at a moderate level. Article visualizations
IMPLEMENTING THE UNCRPD FOR DEAF OR HARD OF HEARING STUDENTS IN GREECE: BILINGUAL EDUCATION, CAREER GUIDANCE, VOCATIONAL TRAINING, VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION AND DIGITAL INCLUSION
Full text linkThis policy analysis examines the implementation of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD) in Greece, focusing on the education and vocational rehabilitation of Deaf and Hard of Hearing students. While Greece has made legislative progress in aligning with the UNCRPD, including recognizing Greek Sign Language and establishing bilingual education programs, significant gaps persist between policy and practice. The research identifies advancements in vocational training and rehabilitation services, but highlights ongoing challenges in accessibility, job market alignment, and societal awareness. Career guidance services have improved but remain hindered by resource limitations and ingrained prejudices. Digital inclusion efforts show promise but face obstacles in consistent implementation and educator training. The study also explores the National Strategy for the Rights of Persons with Disabilities 2024–2030, emphasizing its potential as a comprehensive framework to address these challenges through targeted initiatives and well-designed policy reforms. Article visualizations
TEACHING LEARNERS WITH LEARNING DISABILITIES: EXPERIENCES OF STUDENT TEACHERS AT METHODIST COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, GHANA
Full text linkThe study aimed to explore the experiences of student teachers teaching learners with learning disabilities in regular schools within the Birim Central Municipality. Using a phenomenological research design and purposive sampling, 25 participants were selected. Data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews, with analysis using a thematic approach. The findings highlighted prominent learning obstacles, including reading challenges, writing difficulties, and problems with basic arithmetic. The schools were observed to provide limited instructional adaptations for these learners. Student teachers faced several challenges, such as extended time required for teaching these learners, insufficient teaching materials, negative attitudes from both mentors and peers towards learners with learning disabilities, and limited knowledge in managing such learners. The study recommended enhancing the training provided to student teachers, focusing specifically on instructional adaptations tailored to learners with learning disabilities. Additionally, advocacy efforts should be intensified, featuring individuals who have overcome similar challenges and achieved success. The Ghana Education Service, supported by Parent Associations, should educate parents on the importance of providing adequate learning materials to learners with disabilities. Article visualizations
NAVIGATING THE SEAS OF LANGUAGE: THE IMPORTANCE OF ENGLISH TERMINOLOGY FOR MARITIME ENGINEERING CADETS
Full text linkMaritime engineering cadets operate in an international context where English functions as the lingua franca of the seas. Effective communication using standardized English terminology is not only essential for operational safety and technical accuracy but also for the global mobility and professional competence of cadets. This article explores the necessity of acquiring English maritime terminology and provides pedagogical strategies for mastering such vocabulary within the curriculum of a merchant marine academy. Drawing on academic literature, International Maritime Organization (IMO) guidelines, and educational research, this article argues for a robust integration of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) in maritime engineering education. Article visualizations
DISTRIBUTED LEADERSHIP OF SCHOOL HEADS, PARTICIPATION IN DECISION-MAKING AND TEAMWORK SKILLS OF THE TEACHERS: A CAUSAL MODEL ON ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS
Full text linkThis study aimed to determine distributed leadership of school heads, as well as participation in decision-making, teamwork skills, and organizational commitment of public secondary school teachers. This also aimed to determine the best-fit model for organizational commitment. The researcher used a descriptive-correlational research design with a causal modeling technique using structural equation modelling. The respondents were 423 secondary school teachers in the Department of Education, Region XI, using the stratified random sampling technique. Mean, Pearson r, and Structural Equation Modelling were used as statistical tools. Additionally, it utilized a survey questionnaire in gathering the data and conducted the survey in a face-to-face modality. The results show that the school heads’ level of distributed leadership is very high. Overall, it has also been found that distributed leadership is correlated with organizational commitment. In addition, it has been found that there is a significant relationship between teachers’ participation in decision-making and their organizational commitment. Moreover, teamwork skills are significantly correlated with organizational commitment. Furthermore, it has been found that generated model 3 was found to be the best fit model that predicts organizational commitment in the context of public secondary school teachers in Region XI. Based on the results, all of the indicators of distributed leadership, namely, perception of educational leadership and leadership practices, are predictors of organizational commitment. However, two indicators of participation in decision-making, namely, learners’ disciplinary problems and school planning, are predictors of organizational commitment. Additionally, two indicators of teamwork skills, namely decision-making and coordination, are predictors of organizational commitment. SDG Indicator: (4) Quality Education Article visualizations
ANDRAGOGY IN A MILITARY LEADERSHIP COURSE
Full text linkThe purpose of this study is to explore the suitability of an andragogy-inspired approach to teaching in a newly developed military leadership course for seasoned officers. First, we argue that it is theoretically reasonable to consider andragogy as useful for creating a learning environment suited to officers’ needs. Such an environment may help them navigate the complexities of the military context while employing the trust-based leadership style of mission command. Second, we examined course participants’ learning-environment experiences through a questionnaire that gathered their reflections on six common andragogical learning assumptions. Our thematic analysis indicated that, overall, participants perceived these assumptions as positively influencing their learning process. However, participants’ reflections highlight the importance of course timing, the balance between theory and practice, psychological safety, and motivation in strengthening the andragogical approach in the context of this course. Based on this exploratory study, we conclude that andragogy offers a promising framework for educating seasoned officers in leadership. For more definitive and generalizable conclusions, however, we encourage further empirical research with larger samples and diverse study designs. Article visualizations