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Global Solidarity
No full textAs we grapple with the far-reaching global issues of climate catastrophe, refugee crisis, economic inequalities, environmental destruction, pandemics, and more, the call for global (international) solidarity has never been more urgent. While these issues have significant local implications and necessitate action at the nation-state level, it is widely recognized that their resolution surpasses the capabilities of individual nations. Instead, they demand global cooperation and solidarity. However, the nature, basis, sources, potentials, and conditions of such global solidarity remain largely unexplored. This article aims to fill this gap by critically examining our conceptual alternatives for understanding and fostering global solidarity and proposing an extension of what I term solidarity of associates to a global context. © 2024 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group
List 3-Coloring on Comb-Convex and Caterpillar-Convex Bipartite Graphs
No full textGiven a graph G= (V, E) and a list of available colors L(v) for each vertex v∈ V, where L(v) ⊆ { 1, 2, …, k}, List k -Coloring refers to the problem of assigning colors to the vertices of G so that each vertex receives a color from its own list and no two neighboring vertices receive the same color. The decision version of the problem List 3-Coloring is NP-complete even for bipartite graphs, and its complexity on comb-convex bipartite graphs has been an open problem. We give a polynomial-time algorithm to solve List 3-Coloring for caterpillar-convex bipartite graphs, a superclass of comb-convex bipartite graphs. We also give a polynomial-time recognition algorithm for the class of caterpillar-convex bipartite graphs. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024
Turkey’s Black Sea Policies (1991–2023) and Changing Regional Security Since the Russian Invasion of Ukraine
No full textThis chapter deals with the historical context and evolving dynamics of Turkey’s security policies in the Black Sea region. It discusses Turkey’s efforts to promote regional cooperation as a tool to contain Russia and preserve the regional balance of power, as well as its responses to challenges, including Russia’s recent aggression and further Western involvement. The chapter also addresses the impact of the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 on Turkey’s Black Sea policies, arguing that Turkey aims to balance its relationships with Russia and other regional actors while seeking to maintain stability and security in the Black Sea region. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024
Identity, Cultural Heritage and the Politics of Sovereignty: Narrating Turkey and Greece Through Ayasofya
No full textYanik, Lerna K./0000-0002-5234-2067The article examines how Turkey's decision to reconvert the Ayasofya Museum into a mosque in June 2020 has shaped the 'self' and 'other' perceptions of the Greek and Turkish politicians of their respective countries by instrumentalizing the concept of sovereignty. We argue that what has been termed 'the right to sovereignty' by Turkey's leadership through the reconversion of Ayasofya-from a museum to a mosque-is indeed a 'sovereignty performance'. What is more, we deconstruct how 'sovereignty performances' centred on the conversion of Ayasofya produced by Turkey and Greece came to define, narrate and naturalize the essence and standards of 'national' and 'foreign/international' legitimizing mutual and respective identity perceptions held for themselves and each other
The Role of Social Media and Initial Trust on Mobile Banking Intentions Among Rural Consumers: an Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior
No full textBankacılık sektörü, internetin yaygın kullanımı ve teknolojik gelişmelerin hızlanması sayesinde diğer sektörlerde de olduğu gibi değişmiştir. Mobil bankacılık, insanların mobil cihazları kullanarak finansal işlemler gerçekleştirmesi için pratik ve güvenli bir yol haline gelmiştir. Mobil bankacılığın avantajlarına rağmen, kırsal kesimdeki müşterilerin zayıf teknoloji okuryazarlığı ve güven eksikliği nedeniyle mobil bankacılığı kullanma niyetleri düşüktür. Çalışma, Planlı Davranış Teorisi (TPB) doğrultusunda, kırsal kesimdeki müşterilerin mobil bankacılığı kullanma eğilimlerinin tutumlar, öznel normlar, algılanan davranışsal kontrol, sosyal medya kullanımı ve erken güven tarafından nasıl etkilendiğini araştırır. Çalışmada 5 puanlık Likert ölçeği kullanılarak kırsal Türkiye'de ikamet eden 327 katılımcıdan bilgi toplayan bir anket metodolojisi kullanılmıştır. Anket soruları, önceki çalışmalarda kullanılan doğrulanmış ölçeklerden adapte edilerek alınmıştır. Önerilen ilişkileri doğrulamak için verileri incelemek amacıyla regresyon analizi ve Pearson korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular, sosyal medya kullanımının olumlu tutumları, öznel normları, algılanan davranış kontrolünü ve mobil bankacılığa yönelik ilk güveni önemli ölçüde etkilediğini ve nihayetinde bu hizmetleri kullanma niyetini artırdığını göstermektedir. Sunulan hipotezlerin hepsi veriler tarafından desteklenmiş ve sosyal medya kullanımının ve ilk güvenin kırsal müşterilerin mobil bankacılık niyetleri üzerindeki önemli etkisini göstermiştir. Sonuçlar, kırsal müşteriler arasında dijital okuryazarlığı ve güveni artırmak için bir araç olarak sosyal medyanın önemini vurgulamaktadır. Finansal kuruluşlar, sosyal medya platformlarını etkili bir şekilde kullanarak kırsal müşterilerin mobil bankacılık hizmetleriyle etkileşimini artırabilir, kırsal alanlarda daha fazla finansal katılımı ve ekonomik kalkınmayı teşvik edebilir. Ayrıca kırsal müşteriler için ilk güvenin kritik rolünü vurgulamaktadır ve bankaların mobil bankacılığın kullanımına teşviki için güven oluşturmaya öncelik vermesi gerektiğini önermektedir.The banking industry has changed due to the Internet's extensive use and quick technological advancements. Mobile banking has emerged as a practical and safe way for people to perform financial transactions using mobile devices. Despite its benefits, rural customers are still not very likely to use mobile banking because of poor technology literacy. In line with the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), this study examines the variables influencing rural customers' intentions to use mobile banking, particularly emphasizing the roles of social media usage and early trust. The study investigates how rural customers' inclinations to use mobile banking are influenced by attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, social media usage, and initial trust. As a survey methodology, information was gathered from 327 participants who resided in rural Turkey using a 5-point Likert scale. The survey questions were modified from validated scales used in earlier studies. Regression analysis and Pearson correlation were used to examine the data and verify the proposed associations. The findings indicate that social media usage significantly influences positive attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and initial trust toward mobile banking, ultimately enhancing the intention to use these services. Specifically, hypotheses were all supported by the data, demonstrating the significant impact of social media usage and initial trust on rural customers' mobile banking intentions. The results underscore the importance of social media as a tool for increasing digital literacy and trust among rural customers. By effectively utilizing social media platforms, financial institutions can enhance rural customers' engagement with mobile banking services, promoting greater financial inclusion and economic development in rural areas. The study also highlights the critical role of initial trust for rural customers and suggests that banks should prioritize building trust to encourage the use of mobile banking
The Impact of Covid-19 Trauma on Healthcare Workers: Examining the Relationship Between Stress and Growth Through the Lens of Memory
No full textOner, Sezin/0000-0001-8124-3554; Caglar Kurtulmus, Emine Seyma/0000-0002-9089-1040; Bilgin, Ezgi/0000-0001-9477-7379The COVID-19 pandemic constituted tremendous traumatic stress among the frontline healthcare workers. In the present study, we investigated relationships of two types of rumination, namely brooding and reflection, with traumatic stress and post-traumatic growth and the mediating role of recollective experience in these relationships. A total of 88 healthcare workers (75% female, M-age = 54.91) actively providing service to COVID-19 patients reported two memories of events that impacted them the most at the first peak of the pandemic and rated their recollective experience (i.e., phenomenological characteristics of memories). We used structural equation modelling to test whether recollective experience mediated the link of brooding and reflection with post-trauma reactions of stress and growth. The findings showed that brooding and reflection were associated with higher levels of traumatic stress and post-traumatic growth. Importantly, recollective experience mediated the relationship of rumination with traumatic stress but this differed for the type of rumination. Higher brooding was associated with greater traumatic stress and that relationship was independent of how well the memories were recollected, while for reflection, high reflection was associated with stronger recollective experience, which predicted higher traumatic stress and post-traumatic growth. The present study shows the functional dimensions of reflective rumination and presents novel findings that demonstrates the discrete mnemonic mechanisms underlying the association between brooding, reflection, and post-trauma reactions.Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu [120K359]Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu, Grant/Award Number:120K35
Re-Imagining Caring Spaces of Democratic Resistance and Resilience: the Spatial Politics of Opposition in Turkey
No full textThis article analyzes three examples of politico-spatial antagonism in Turkey under rising authoritarianism: (1) the reclaiming of Taksim Square during Workers’ Day, Women’s Day, and pride marches, (2) the transformation of the courtroom into a space of contestation after the termination of the Istanbul Convention, and (3) the Boğaziçi University silent protests advocating for academic freedom and democracy. Based on these examples, we first demonstrate how sporadic resistances in Turkey appear as “spatial contestations” through appropriating spaces such as parks, university campuses, courtrooms, streets, and other public areas. We then examine how these resistances are reclamations of the plurality of the people against the unitary will of the state. Lastly, we argue that spatial contestations serve as innovative sites for reimagining a new form of relational and spatial politics of care. © 2024 Caucus for a New Political Science.Emerging Sources Citation Inde
Everything You Wanted To Know About Chatgpt: Components, Capabilities, Applications, and Opportunities
No full textHeidari, Arash/0000-0003-4279-8551Conversational Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Natural Language Processing have advanced significantly with the creation of a Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) by OpenAI. ChatGPT uses deep learning techniques like transformer architecture and self-attention mechanisms to replicate human speech and provide coherent and appropriate replies to the situation. The model mainly depends on the patterns discovered in the training data, which might result in incorrect or illogical conclusions. In the context of open-domain chats, we investigate the components, capabilities constraints, and potential applications of ChatGPT along with future opportunities. We begin by describing the components of ChatGPT followed by a definition of chatbots. We present a new taxonomy to classify them. Our taxonomy includes rule-based chatbots, retrieval-based chatbots, generative chatbots, and hybrid chatbots. Next, we describe the capabilities and constraints of ChatGPT. Finally, we present potential applications of ChatGPT and future research opportunities. The results showed that ChatGPT, a transformer-based chatbot model, utilizes encoders to produce coherent responses
Common Space and Nomadic Becoming: the Case of Nesin Village
No full textThe study aims to examine the emancipatory potentials of spatial relations through conjoining theory and practice. Guided by the concept of common space of Stavros Stavrides along with Rosi Braidotti's nomadic subject, I think of Nesin Village, which I examine as an example, and the subject as nomadic becoming, through threshold characters that point to new possibilities of life and thinking. Applying auto- ethnographic methods, I have investigated both myself and the Nesin Village based on my experiences in different positions in various periods there. I approach the subject as a body with the capability of affecting and being affected in a constant state of becoming, from a materialist affirmative vitalist ethical point of view. I present my findings in the field through a speculative and evocative semi-fictional story to convey the encounters in this affective domain that prefigures a new way of thinking, living, and sharing together. Keywords: Nomadic Subject, Becoming, Common Space, Nesin Village, Affect, Threshold, DifferenceÇalışma, teori ve pratiği bir araya getirerek mekânsal ilişkilerin özgürleştirici potansiyellerini incelemeyi amaçlıyor. Stavros Stavrides'in müşterek mekân kavramı ve Rosi Braidotti'nin göçebe özne figürasyonu rehberliğinde, bir örnek olarak incelediğim Nesin Köyü'nü ve göçebe-oluş olarak özneyi, yaşamın ve düşünmenin yeni imkanlarını işaret eden eşik karakterleri üzerinden ele alıyorum. Özneye, materyalist olumlayıcı vitalist etik bir bakış açısıyla, sürekli oluş halindeki etkileme ve etkilenme kapasitesine sahip bir beden olarak yaklaşmayı amaçladığım bu çalışmada, oto-etnografik yöntemlere başvurarak hem araştırmacı olarak kendime hem de Nesin Köyü'ne odaklanıyorum. Yeni bir birlikte düşünme, yaşama ve paylaşma biçimini öngören bu duygulanım alanında çeşitli dönemlerde ve farklı konumlarda yaşadığım karşılaşmaları aktarmak için sahadaki bulgularımı spekülatif ve çağrışımlı yarı kurgusal bir hikâye aracılığıyla sunuyorum. Anahtar Sözcükler: Göçebe Özne, Oluş, Müşterek Mekân, Nesin Köyü, Duygulanım, Eşik, Far
