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Feeling Imagined Spaces: Emotional Geographies in the Eu-Turkey Relations
No full textGeographies and borders have become often-debated concepts, especially in the view of the increasing impact of globalization and regional integration processes. In such cases, borders are attributed certain imagined meanings and more so, they are associated with feelings. Considering such dynamics, EU-Turkey relations can be considered a good example of how borders, emotions and spatial dimensions interact. However, not much attention has been given to the emotional facets of spatial relations. By utilizing the concept of hot places, this study tries to fill this void. We separate EU-Turkey relations into three phases: the Cold War, post-Cold War, and the peak of migration politics, driven by the Syrian Civil War. We argue that there is a specific hot place for each of these periods: Kreuzberg, Berlin for the period between 1959 and 1989, Cyprus for the post-Cold War period, and the Syrian conflict for the last period. Thus, this paper aims at suggesting a novel approach to the study of emotions, spatiality, and EU-Turkey relations
Gaziantep'te Yaşayan Yüksek Eğitimli Suriyeli Kadınların Çalışma Deneyimleri ve Kentsel Yaşam Pratikleri
No full textBu araştırma, yüksek eğitimli Suriyeli kadınların Gaziantep'e göç etmelerinden sonra emek piyasasına dahiliyetlerini ve kentsel yaşam pratiklerini incelemeyi amaçlamıştır. 2022 yılında Gaziantep, Türkiye'de en fazla Suriyeli nüfusu barındıran ikinci kenttir. Gaziantep'in geçmişten gelen bağları nedeniyle göçmenler tarafından tercih edilmesi, çeşitli iş olanakları bulunması, Suriye sınırına yakınlığı ve görece ucuz bir kent olması nedeniyle Suriyeliler tarafından tercih edilmesi, yüksek eğitimli Suriyeli kadınlara dair bilgilerin azlığı bu araştırmanın yapılmasına olanak sağlamıştır. Kentin varolan katmanlı göç tarihine yakın zamanda eklemlenen Suriye göçü ile kent; mekansal, ekonomik, sosyal, kültürel değişimler ve dönüşümler yaşamaktadır. Bu araştırmada göç sonrası dönemde yerleşme pratikleri ve mekân kullanımı ilişkileri ile kadınların çalışma koşulları incelenmiştir. Yüksek eğitimli Suriyeli kadınlara dair bir genelleme yapılmayacak olsa da; bu kentte yaşayan yüksek eğitimli Suriyeli kadınların göç hikayeleri, yerleşme deneyimleri, emek piyasasına katılmaları, kentsel hayatları aktarılmak istenmiştir. Bu doğrultuda Suriye'den farklı yıllarda gelmiş, çoğunluğu farklı meslek grubundan 15 yüksek eğitimli kadın ile görüşme gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kadınlar ya Suriye'ye yakın oluşundan ya da iş imkanlarından dolayı Gaziantep'i tercih etmişlerdir. Kadınların çoğunluğu profesyonellikleri dışında emek piyasasına dahil olmuşlardır. Kent hayatına katılımları kadınların emek piyasasına nasıl dahil oldukları ile de ilişkilidir. Kadınların kentsel hareketliliği göç sonrası zamanla artmıştır. İş yaşamında ya da kent hayatında ayrımcılığa maruz kalan kadınlar, bununla baş etme yolları geliştirmişlerdir.This research aimed to examine the inclusion of highly educated Syrian women in the labour market and their urban life practices after they migrated to Gaziantep. In 2022, Gaziantep is the second city with the largest Syrian population in Turkey. The fact that Gaziantep is preferred by migrants due to its ties from the past, having various job opportunities, being chosen by Syrians due to its proximity to the Syrian border and being a relatively cheap city, and the scarcity of information on highly educated Syrian women enabled this research to be conducted. With the Syrian migration, which has recently been added to the existing layered migration history of the Gaziantep, is experiencing spatial, economic, social, and cultural transformations. In this research, the post-migration practices and the relationship between the use of space and the working conditions of women were examined. Although no generalisation will be made about highly educated Syrian women, this research aims to convey the migration stories, resettlement experiences, participation in the labour market, and urban life of highly educated Syrian women living in this city. In this direction, interviews were conducted with 15 highly educated women, mostly from different occupational groups, who came from Syria in different years. Women preferred Gaziantep either because of its distance to Syria or because of job opportunities. The majority of women are involved in the labour market outside of their professional specialties. Their participation in urban life is also related to how women are included in the labour market. Urban mobility of women has increased over time after migration. Women exposed to discrimination in workforce or urban life have developed ways to cope with it
A New Nano-Design of 16-Bit Carry Look-Ahead Adder Based on Quantum Technology
No full textAhmadpour, Seyed-Sajad/0000-0003-2462-8030There is a requirement and a desire to develop reliable and energy-efficient circuit designs that adapt to the expanding field of low-power circuit engineering in the VLSI domain based on nanotechnology. The quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) technology possesses the potential to supplant the conventional, complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology in low-power nano-scale applications due to its diminutive cell dimensions, dependable circuitry architecture, and robust structural integrity. On the other hand, the carry look-ahead adder (CLA) is one of the vital circuits in digital processing utilized in diverse digital applications. In addition, for the design of this essential circuit, the occupied area and the delay play the primary role because using a simple formulation can reduce the occupied area, energy consumption, and the number of gates count. In the previous structures, high delay and use of traditional technology (like CMOS) caused an increase in the number of gate counts and occupied areas. Using QCA technology, simple quantum cells, and a low delay, all the previous shortcomings can be resolved to reduce the number of gate counts and low occupied area in the CLA circuit. This paper proposes a new method that helps the propagation characteristics generate suitable signals to reduce the number of gate counts based on adders in QCA technology. Several new blocks are used to design fast binary adders. Finally, an optimal four and 16-bit CLA circuit will be proposed based on the adder circuit. Furthermore, the execution and experimentation of outcomes are carried out utilizing QCADesigner-2.0.3. The simulation-based comparison of values justified the proposed design's accuracy and efficiency. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed circuit has a low area and quantum cell
Models for Electricity Demand Forecasting, Classification, and Imbalance Reduction in Competitive Markets
No full textIn liberalized energy markets, hourly forecasts of consumers and producers are crucial for efficiently using energy resources and reducing environmental impacts. In this study, the countries’ consumption in the ENTSO-E common network between 2006 and 2018 was analyzed using the time series method. With the created model, short, medium, and long-term demand forecasts are made using Fourier Series Expansion. In order to improve the error rate of short-term forecasts, a hybrid model was created with alternatively created feedback and autoregressive methods. While annual forecasts are made with an average error rate of 6%, the error rate in daily forecasts is around 4.5%. With the hybrid models created, hourly estimates can be made with approximately 1.5% and 1% error rates. Accurate estimations are of great importance in terms of the efficiency of energy markets, and the emergence of energy storage opportunities with the developing technology increases this importance. For this reason, the amount of imbalance was estimated by using the forecast result of the hybrid model in the Turkish Energy Market, and a strategy was developed to reduce the imbalance cost accordingly. With this strategy, simulations have been made for situations with and without storage, and the results have been shared
Multidimensional Intuitive–analytic Thinking Style and Its Relation To Moral Concerns, Epistemically Suspect Beliefs, and Ideology
No full textLiterature highlights the distinction between intuitive and analytic thinking as a prominent cognitive style distinction, leading to the proposal of various theories within the framework of the dual process model. However, it remains unclear whether individuals differ in their thinking styles along a single dimension, from intuitive to analytic, or if other dimensions are at play. Moreover, the presence of numerous thinking style measures, employing different terminology but conceptually overlapping, leads to confusion. To address these complexities, Newton et al. suggested the idea that individuals vary across multiple dimensions of intuitive–analytic thinking styles and distinguished thinking styles between 4 distinct types: Actively open-minded thinking, close-minded thinking, preference for effortful thinking, and preference for intuitive thinking. They proposed a new measure for this 4-factor disposition, The 4-Component Thinking Styles Questionnaire (4-CTSQ), to comprehensively capture the psychological outcomes related to thinking styles; however, no independent test exists. In the current pre-registered studies, we test the validity of 4-CTSQ for the first time beyond the original study and examine the association of the proposed measure with various factors, including morality, conspiracy beliefs, paranormal and religious beliefs, vaccine hesitancy, and ideology in an underrepresented culture, Türkiye. We found that the correlated 4-factor model of 4-CTSQ is an appropriate measure to capture individual differences based on cognitive style. The results endorse the notion that cognitive style differences are characterized by distinct structures rather than being confined to two ends of a single continuum. © The Author(s), 2023
Where do tourism tokens travel to and from?
No full textThis study aims to identify the sources of spillovers affecting tourism tokens and classify the type of assets to which they correspond. Using daily data for different asset classes from June 2018 through November 2022, we employ a TVP-VAR methodology to test the connectedness between two tourism tokens, two leading travel equity indices, and the two dominant cryptocurrencies, namely, Bitcoin and Ethereum. The findings show that tourism tokens are relatively independent of fluctuations in the traditional sources affecting the travel and leisure sector, such as the U.S. dollar, the price of oil, or travel equity indices. These results hint that tourism tokens are more closely related to cryptocurrencies rather than pure travel goods. The results may help decision-makers in the travel and hospitality industries considering the use of tourism tokens identify the potential forces impacting them
Reconsidering Stanislavski and Barba in the Light of Neuroscience: a Comparative Study of Organic Acting
No full textThis study, in consideration of contemporary scientific studies, re-examines the acting methods of Konstantin Stanislavski and Eugenio Barba, two directors who are generally considered to represent contrasting perspectives in terms of performers’ physical appearance on stage. The meeting point of these two theatre practitioners’ techniques is based on impulse and they both aim to realize an organic process in acting. The findings in contemporary studies in neuroscience which present to a large extent how the human organism functions, help us to reconsider the constitutive elements in the acting process. This article analyses the technical processes of creating impulse in both Barba and Stanislavski’s works with reference to several neuroscientific studies. Antonio Damasio’s Feeling of What Happens helps explain how motor functions in human organisms work when the senses are stimulated. Bessel Van Der Kolk’s The Body Keeps the Score highlights the function of scored sense impressions when an organism encounters stimuli that may re-activate them. Christian Keyser’s The Emphatic Brain mentions connections between intention and action. Furthermore, works by Damasio, Van Der Kolk and Keysers help us reconsider the crucial function of images in both Stanislavski’s and Barba’s techniques. The main goal of this article is to re-examine Stanislavski and Barba’s critical concepts in acting methods in the light of contemporary neuroscience and to highlight to what extent these impulse-based and organic techniques differ from each other in the training process and what remains common ground. © 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group
Physical Layer Security Under the Effect of Dimming in Visible Light Communications
No full text31st IEEE Conference on Signal Processing and Communications Applications (SIU) -- JUL 05-08, 2023 -- Istanbul Tech Univ, Ayazaga Campus, Istanbul, TURKEYVisible Light Communication (VLC) is a promising option for 6G wireless systems to increase performance and provide a high-speed data rate compared to radio frequency (RF). Dimming control is one of the most important aspects to be considered in VLC. It is very critical for the future of VLC to adjust the brightness of the light source to be used in communication and to ensure that the light source, with a changing brightness, maintains the desired communication performance due to the situation and environment. This work proposes a novel pilot-aided estimation method for channel and dimming coefficients in spatial modulation (SM)-VLC systems. As a result, in the VLC system running with the PLS algorithm, while the information transmitted to the legal user is received with an excellent BER performance, it is observed that the BER performance of the eavesdropper is around 0.5, which is the worst possible situation for the illegal user.IEEE,TUBITAK BILGEM,Turkcel
Does Cognitive Reflection Predict Cooperation Behavior After a Seven-Month Period?
No full textBu çalışma, Hristiyan inananlar ve inanmayanlar (ateist ve agnostikler) arasında yedi aylık bir sürenin ardından (bilişsel stil ve bilişsel yeteneğin standart ölçümleriyle ölçülen) bilişsel derin düşünmenin grup içi, grup dışı ve anonim ortaklara karşı işbirliği davranışını yordayıp yordamayacağını test etmeyi amaçladı. Talep etkisi (demand effect) gibi ölçüm araçlarının potansiyel karıştırıcı etkilerini önlemek için, bilişsel ölçümlerin (ön test) işbirliği davranışı ölçümleriyle (son test) bağlantısını kesen ön- ve son-test evreleri kullanıldı. Bilişsel derin düşünmenin birden çok bileşeni, bilişsel stil için Bilişsel Performans Testi ve bilişsel yetenek için Raven Progresif Matrisleri dahil olmak üzere çeşitli değerlendirme araçları kullanılarak ölçüldü. İşbirlikçi davranış, iki aşamalı Mahkum İkilemi (Mİ) aracılığıyla ölçüldü; katılımcılar oyunu başlangıçta anonim ortaklarla ve ikinci aşamada iç-grup, dış-grup veya yine anonim bir ortakla oynadılar. Grup kimliği manipülasyonu, katılımcıların gerçek dini kimliklerine dayanıyordu. Adillik hassasiyetlerini ölçmek için Para Tahsis Oyunu (PTO) da kullanıldı. Daha yüksek bilişsel derin düşünmenin (1) daha yüksek anonim işbirliği, (2) PTO'da daha düşük iç-grup yanlılığı ve (3) Mİ'de daha düşük dış-grup ayrımcılığı yordayacağını bekleyen hipotezleri test etmek için doğrulayıcı analizler yapıldı. Ancak sonuçlar hiçbir hipotezi desteklemedi. Bununla birlikte, keşifsel analizler, aktif olarak açık fikirli düşünmenin iç-grup yanlılığını negatif olarak yordadığını ve akıcı zekanın, iç-grup yanlılığını yordamada sıfır toplamlı inançlarla etkileşime girdiğini ortaya koydu. Daha yüksek sıfır toplamlı oyun inançlarına sahip olanlar için; akıcı zeka, iç-grup yanlılığını pozitif olarak yordadı. Ayrıca, analitik bilişsel stil ve toplam derin düşünme skorları, yalnızca inanmayanlar arasında (inananlara kıyasla) tek seferlik anonim işbirliğini pozitif olarak yordadı ve bu, gruplararası epistemik norm farklılıklarına işaret ediyor. Bu bulgular, bilişsel derin düşünmenin işbirlikçi davranış üzerindeki etkisinin bağlamsal ve bireysel faktörlere bağlı olduğunu göstermektedir.This study aimed to test whether cognitive reflection (as measured by standard measures of cognitive style and cognitive ability) predicts cooperative behavior against in-group, out-group, and anonymous partners after a seven-month period among Christian believers and non-believers (atheists and agnostics). To address potential confounding effects of measurement tools such as demand effect, pre- and post-test phases were employed, unlinking cognitive measures (pre-test) with assessments of cooperative behavior (post-test). Multiple components of cognitive reflection were measured using various assessment tools, including the Cognitive Performance Test for cognitive style and Raven's Progressive Matrices for cognitive ability. Cooperative behavior was assessed through a two-stage Prisoner's Dilemma (PD) Game whereby they initially played the game with anonymous partners, and in the second stage, they played with an in-group, out-group, or again an anonymous partner. The group identity manipulation was based on participants' actual religious identities. Money Allocation Game (MAG) was also utilized to measure fairness concerns. Confirmatory analyses were conducted to test the hypotheses that higher cognitive reflection would predict (1) higher anonymous cooperation, (2) lower in-group bias in MAG, and (3) lower out-group bias in PD. However, the results did not provide support for any of these hypotheses. Nevertheless, exploratory analyses revealed that actively open-minded thinking negatively predicts in-group bias, and fluid intelligence interacts with zero-sum beliefs in predicting in-group bias. For those with higher zero-sum game beliefs, fluid intelligence positively predicted in-group bias. Moreover, analytic cognitive style and total cognitive reflection scores positively predicted one-shot anonymous cooperation only among non-believers (vs. believers), indicating variations in epistemic norms. These findings suggest that the effect of cognitive reflection on cooperative behavior depends on contextual and individual factors
Estimation of Energy Production in Biogas Plants
No full textThe importance of renewable energy sources is getting more and more significant day by day. Renewable energies are required since the world's energy consumption is rising in tandem with the human population. The gas produced from wastes such as biogas, agricultural waste, and animal dung is an example of biomass energy, a renewable energy source. Machine learning is a branch of computer science that tries to improve its performance with the data it accumulates over time by simulating a human learning mechanism. This research begins with a discussion of biogas generation and investigations. The discussion then shifts to artificial intelligence, machine learning, and neural networks. In the application portion, an application of feature selection utilizing data, wastes, and biogas production from the Pales biogas plant is developed, as well as an application that forecasts biogas output using regression and an artificial neural network model. In the Python-based model, machine learning and deep learning libraries are utilized, and the data is preprocessed to make it compatible with the model. In this 22-featured model, the elements that contribute to the model, specifically biogas generation, were chosen using feature selection algorithms. The regression model and neural network model were created with the selected features as Dairy cow manure, Wheat Juice, Potato peel, Potato whole, Mixed vegie, Weak vinasse and Poultry manure. There are three distinct digesters included in the data. Three separate analyses were performed on three distinct digesters, and the findings were compared to the cumulative data. In the study, 20% of the data were set aside as test data and 80% were used for training. In terms of model performance, the data feature selection approach was effective for regression models, but negatively effect of variable reduction in neural networks. The R2 score was 52% in the neural network model trained without variable selection, and the mean of regression models trained with feature selection was 49%