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Drivers of Employee Dis/Satisfaction: a Comparison of Tourism and Sports Industries
No full textThis study aims to identify the common and distinct factors affecting the dis/satisfaction of employees in two different industries, namely tourism and sports, and develop a model. The study was carried out using the qualitative method. A total of 118 employees in five-star hotels and sports centers participated in the study. Common factors affecting employee satisfaction were thematized as relationship with co-workers, nature of the job, relationship with superiors, salary, working hours, career opportunities, and job security. The factors affecting the dissatisfaction were thematized as inefficient salary, lack of relationship with superiors, job insecurity, and lack of relationship with co-workers. In the context of satisfaction in tourism, the theme of “Facilities and benefits” differs from sports. In the context of dissatisfaction with sports, the theme of “lack of career opportunities” differs from tourism. Based on the study findings, practical implications are presented for the two industries in an aim to increase the performance and productivity of their businesses. The study conveys its originality by identifying the employee dis/satisfaction factors in the tourism and sports industries
Who receives clientelistic benefits? Social identity, relative deprivation, and clientelistic acceptance among turkish voters
No full textWhy do voters accept clientelism? Previous research suggests that poorer voters are more likely to accept clientelistic benefits. However, identities may moderate the effect of poverty through identity-based economic comparisons across groups. The role identity plays in partisanship, and dense ethnic identity networks may make it easier for parties to enforce clientelism among specific groups. This paper presents evidence from a survey experiment in Turkey to argue that politicized Kurdish ethnic identity, combined with heightened perceptions of relative economic deprivation, explains why certain voter groups are more likely to accept clientelism. Additionally, experimental evidence shows that support for clientelism may depend on the quality of benefits rather than quantity. Focusing only on the amount of resources or the recipients' economic conditions may fail to explain why certain voters accept clientelism more in the Turkish context
Multimodal language in bilingual and monolingual children: Gesture production and speech disfluency
No full textBilingual and monolingual children might have different styles of using multimodal language. This study investigates speech disfluency and gesture production of 5- and 7-year-old Turkish monolingual (N = 61) and Turkish-English bilingual children (N = 51). We examined monolinguals' Turkish narratives and bilinguals' Turkish and English narratives. Results indicated that bilinguals were more disfluent than monolinguals, particularly for silent and filled (e.g., umm) pauses. Bilinguals used silent pauses and repetitions (e.g., cat cat) more frequently in English than in Turkish. Gesture use was comparable across language and age groups, except for iconic gestures. Monolinguals produced more iconic gestures than bilinguals. Children's overall gesture frequency predicted disfluency rates only in Turkish. Different gesture types might be orchestrated in the multimodal system, contributing to narrative fluency. The use of disfluency and gesture types might provide insight into bilingual and monolingual children's language development and communication strategies
Lack of Bump in Public Events When Recent Events Prevail
No full textOner, Sezin/0000-0001-8124-3554; Gulgoz, Sami/0000-0002-1262-2347Reminiscence bump refers to the increased recall of events from adolescence and early adulthood. It is a robust phenomenon for personal events, while the evidence for the bump has been inconsistent for public events. The present study addressed lifespan distributions of public events in a nationally representative sample of adults (N = 1200) in Turkey. We demonstrated a robust recency effect in the temporal distribution of public event memories. When we examined the bump in the most frequently reported events, the recency effect persisted. The only exception was the bump for the military coup in 1980, a relatively more distant event among the most frequent events. Findings suggested that high-impact events in Turkey's recent past may overshadow the past events. Inline, we discuss the role of the context and age distribution of the sample to explain the inconsistency in the evidence for the reminiscence bump in public events.Kadir Has University Internal Research Fund; [2019-BAP-03]The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: Current research was financially supported by the Kadir Has University Internal Research Fund through Grant 2019-BAP-03.Social Science Citation Index - Arts &- Humanities Citation Inde
Fresh Food Supplier Selection for Global Retail Chains Via Bipolar Neutrosophic Methodology
No full textDue to increases in world population, rapid urbanization, increasing environmental pollution, and poorly managed food supply chains (FSCs), supplying clean and reliable agri-food has become more critical. Furthermore, increasing concerns of the urban population on healthy and balanced nutrition have increased their demand for fresh foods (FFs). Also, the retail industry has become the leading sector responding to almost all requirements of individuals, including FFs. Heightened awareness of individuals on health, reliability, and quality forces retail chains to provide more qualified, sustainable, and reliable FFs for their customers. Retail chains try to construct and manage well-structured global fresh food supply chains (FFSCs) to respond to customers' needs satisfactorily. Thus, selecting logistics service providers performing FF logistics operations (i.e., cold transportation, warehousing, and other logistics activities) from farms to retailers is essential for reliable and sustainable FFSCs. Because FFSCs are pretty sensitive, and minor mistakes or delinquency may cause severe costs.Global retail chains, in particular, only focus on meeting short-term demand and not on a sustainable fresh food supplier selection; fresh food suppliers are essential to determine sustainability performance. In this context, a more holistic approach is needed, focusing not only on the global retail chain level's direct impacts but also on the positive impacts at the overall system level. While this study fills a gap, it also assesses the long-term and lasting impact of choosing a fresh food supplier.In addition, the impacts of logistics service providers on FFSCs' overall performance have not been addressed adequately in the relevant literature. This work aims to analyze the factors identified by the extended form of the Delphi method developed in the present article, influencing the selection of logistics service providers producing logistics services for fresh fruits and vegetables with the BN-VIKOR procedure. The paper's main significant finding is that the logistics firms' service capacity is the determinative and most influential factor. The current study provides insights and beneficial road maps to the practitioners and decision-makers in retailing industry to structure FFSCs. The results contribute to the literature on criteria for selecting sustainable fresh food suppliers in global retail chains and identify strategies and improvement opportunities that can lead to improvement in practice
Through Healtier Learning Environments in Turkish Schools
No full textAMC Mecanocaucho; Bosco Italia Spa; Ecophon Saint-Gobain; et al.; Head Acoustics; Mason Industries, Inc.Turkish Acoustical Society (TAKDER) and Occupational Hygienists Society (IHIDER) of Turkey organized a series of events for International Noise Awareness Day (INAD) 2023 in collaboration with, Acoustical Society of Italy and Acoustical Society of Spain with the theme “Keep your hearing, keep your health: Educational facilities”. As part of INAD 2023 activities, a research project for assessment of acoustic conditions in schools and teachers' noise exposure and its health effects was started as a joint project between TAKDER and IHIDER. This short paper introduces the preliminary results of this project, including evaluation of the acoustical quality in four Turkish schools of four institution levels: kindergarten, primary school, middle school, and secondary school. The acoustic performance of schools was analyzed by on-site measurements of sound insulation, reverberation time, ambient noise levels and speech intelligibility. The findings of the survey were analyzed in reference to the national regulation. The results indicate that most of the building elements and school spaces do not comply with acoustic criteria. The findings are further to be discussed in collaboration with professionals from variety of disciplines to transform schools through a healthier and more comfortable learning environment for children and teachers. © 2023 First author et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
Structural and Mutational Studies: Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Nmda Type Glutamate Receptor and Formate Dehydrogenase Enzyme
No full textYapısal biyoloji ve moleküler dinamik (MD) simülasyon çalışmaları, moleküler düzeyde moleküller arası/içi etkileşimleri anlamanın temellerinden, ilaç ve protein tasarımının önde gelen yöntemlerinden biridir. Bu tez, iki farklı alandaki protein simülasyonlarından oluşmaktadır: Sinir hücrelerinde elektrik sinyali yayılımında bir iyon kanalı reseptör kompleksi olan N-metil-D-aspartat reseptörü (NMDAR) ve formatın bikarbonata biyokatalizinde format dehidrojenaz enzimi (FDH). Tezin ilk amacı NMDAR iyon kanalının açık yapısını mutasyonlarla elde etmektir. İkinci amaç ise allosterik bölgede Asp188Arg mutasyonu yaparak FDH enziminin hem format hem de bikarbonat substratları ile etkileşimlerini anlamaktır. Bu mutasyon deneysel olarak FDH'nin bikarbonat/CO2 yakalama için kullanımı yönünde olan ters reaksiyon için daha aktif bir enzim yaratmıştır. Bu amaçla, nano ölçekli moleküler dinamik (NAMD) uygulaması, kök-ortalama-kare sapması, kök-ortalama-kare dalgalanması ve protein-ligand etkileşim analizi yöntemleriyle birlikte simülasyonları çalıştırmak için kullanılmıştır. İlk durumda, NMDAR iyon kanalının üst kapısındaki Lurcher motifindeki alanin (A7), deneysel çalışmalara dayanarak arginin/tirozin ile değiştirildi. Analiz sonucunda NMDAR iyon kanalının açık yapısı elde edildi. FDH'nin MD simülasyonlarında, bikarbonat bağlı yapı, enzimin subtrat ve koenzim bağlanma bölgelerini ayıran önemli bir tuz köprüsünü korumuştur. Ek olarak, bağlanma bölgesinden substrat taşınımı, vahşi tip ve mutasyona uğramış yapılar için farklı yollar sergilemiştir. Her iki protein sistemi için de MD, harici pertürbasyonların proteinlerin yapısı ve işlevi, yani işlevsel mutasyonlar üzerindeki etkisini incelemek için ana araç olarak kullanılmıştır. Her iki protein de hareketlerin zaman ölçeği, sistem boyutu ve istenen ters reaksiyon yönünde düşük enzim aktivitesi nedeniyle yapısal bir çalışma için karmaşık sistemler oluşturmuştur.Structural biology and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies are one of the foundations for understanding inter/intramolecular interactions at the molecular level and one of the leading methods for drug and protein design. This thesis consists of protein simulations from two different fields: N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), an ion channel receptor complex in the electric signal propagation in nerve cells, and formate dehydrogenase enzyme (FDH) in the biocatalysis of formate to bicarbonate. The first aim of the thesis is to obtain the open structure of the NMDAR ion channel by mutations. The second aim is to understand the interactions of the FDH enzyme with both formate and bicarbonate substrates by mutating Asp188Arg in the allosteric site. This mutation experimentally created a more active enzyme for the reverse reaction, which is in the direction of usage of FDH for bicarbonate/CO2 capture. For this purpose, the nanoscale molecular dynamics (NAMD) application was used to run the simulations together with root-mean-square deviation, root-mean-square fluctuation, and protein-ligand interaction analysis methods. In the NMDAR, alanine (A7) in the Lurcher motif in the upper gate of the NMDAR ion channel was swapped with arginine/tyrosine, based on the experimental studies. Result of the analysis, the open structure of the NMDAR ion channel was obtained. In MD simulations of FDH, bicarbonate-bound structure preserved an important salt bridge separating subtrate and coenzyme binding sites of the enzyme. Additionally, substrate transport from the binding site displayed different paths for wildtype and mutated structures. For both protein systems, MD is utilized as the main tool to study the effect of external perturbations on the structure and function of the proteins, namely functional mutations. Both proteins constituted complex systems for a structural study because of the time scale of the motions, system size, and low enzyme activity in the desired reverse reaction direction
Worker's Right To Disconnect
No full textTeknolojideki gelişmeler akıllı telefon, bilgisayar ve internetin yaygınlaşmasını sağlamıştır. Bu sayede insanoğlunun birbiri ile iletişimi yeni bir boyuta taşınmış insanoğlu her an her yerde 'online' olabilme imkanına kavuşmuştur. Bu durum çalışma yaşamına da sirayet etmiş ve işçinin işyeri ve çalışma saatlerinden sonra da işveren, işverenin diğer işçileri veya müşterileri tarafından işe dair konularda ulaşılabilir olmasına sebebiyet vermiştir. Bu durumun işçinin dinlenme ve özel yaşam hakkına müdahale ve hatta ihlal boyutuna erişmesi karşısında işçinin ulaşılabilir olmama hakkı tartışılır hale gelmiştir. Çalışmamızda öncelikle işçinin ulaşılabilir olmama hakkına neden ihtiyaç duyulduğu açıklanmıştır. Akabinde işçinin ulaşılabilir olmama hakkına ilişkin hukukumuzda yasal bir düzenleme bulunmayışı nedeniyle ulaşılabilir olmama hakkının dinlenme hakkı ve özel yaşam hakkı ile bağlantısı ele alınmıştır. Çalışmamızın devam eden bölümünde işverenin yönetim yetkisini kullanarak işçinin ulaşılabilir olmama hakkına müdahale edip edemeyeceği incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda işverenin yönetim yetkisinin sınırları ele alınmıştır. Yönetim yetkisinin sınırlandırılmasının yanı sıra işverenin işçiyi koruma borcunun da ulaşılabilir olmama hakkının işçiye tanınmasını gerektirip gerektirmeyeceği tartışılmıştır. İşçinin iş sözleşmesinde rıza göstermesi veya işveren talebi olmaksızın bireysel tavır ile ulaşılabilir olması konuları da bu bölümde işlenmiştir. Çalışmamızın son bölümünde ise işçinin ulaşılabilir olmama hakkının korunmaması durumu ele alınmış, ihlal durumunda işçinin ne gibi hakları olabileceği tartışılmıştır.Mankind's ability of communication has reached a new level with the boom in smartphones, computers, and the internet due to the advancements in technology. Consequently, humans have become 'online' at any given time and place. This situation affects work life as well, and makes the employee reachable by the employer, other employees, and customers outside the work hours. Hence, legal debates as to the employee's right to disconnect have been taking place as this situation has started to constitute an interference, if not a violation, of the employee's right to rest and leisure and right to respect for private life. Our article starts by explaining why the employee needs the right to disconnect. Subsequently, it examines the relation of the right to disconnect with the right to rest and leisure and the right to respect for private life due to the lack of legal regulation in Turkish Law about the right to disconnect. In the following parts, the thesis discusses whether the employer can interfere with the right to disconnect by virtue of his power of management. The limits of the employer's power of management is examined in this context, alongside the question of whether the employer's obligation to protect the employee requires the acknowledgment of the right to disconnect. This part also looks into the topics of employee's consent to be reachable in the work contract and with his own decision without the employer's demand. In the last part, the article explains the results of the inexistence of the employee's right to disconnect and discusses the employee's legal options against the violation of the right to disconnect
Rethinking the Historical Film Form: Trauma, Temporality and Indirect Representation in Historical Essay Films
No full textIn film scholarship, historical film has been identified as a form that portrays events and experiences that took place in the past. By building on Caruth's concept of indirect representation, however, this article identifies a new historical film form that is not necessarily set in the past, but engages with questions regarding history, memory and historical representation. It conceptualizes this new form of 'historical essay film', and by analysing Voice of My Father, argues that rather than manifesting a desire to represent traumatic events directly, historical essay films refrain from the presumption that the medium of film can represent the reality of past events. To this end, they engage with past traumas indirectly through narratives that are set in the present day. The study further contends that the main thrust of historical essay films is to probe the discursive fields in which certain moments of the past are fixed, narrated and become predominant while others remain overlooked and unaccounted for. The article concludes with the claim that, as a consequence of their unconventional formal structures, historical essay films diminish the temporal distance between the past, present and future while also opening up new possibilities for rethinking what historical representation means
An Energy-Aware Nanoscale Design of Reversible Atomic Silicon Based on Miller Algorithm
No full textArea overhead and energy consumption continue to dominate the scalability issues of modern digital circuits. In this context, atomic silicon and reversible logic have emerged as suitable alternatives to address both issues. In this article, the authors propose novel nano-scale circuit design with low area and energy overheads using the same. In particular, the authors propose a reversible gate with Miller algorithm and atomic silicon technology. This article is extremely relevant in todays era, when the world is moving toward low area and low energy circuits for use in edge devices