VFAST - Virtual Foundation for Advancement of Science and Technology (Pakistan)
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Toshihiko Izutsu : Introduction , Methodology of Semantic Analysis of Quran
Get PDFToshihiko Izutsu (4th May 1914-7th January 1993) is a Japanese orientalist and Islamist who adopted a different approach to study Quran. According to his theory of semantic analysis , every language has some peculiar key terms that affect forming its world view. His method of semantic analysis to interpret words and terms of Quran lies its foundation in English and other European languages. He is of the view point that Arabic is a rich language and has self sufficient system of vacobulary but its meaning has evolved during revelation of Quran. Key Terms of Quran form a semantic field to define meanings of a word or term which occurs in Quranic paradigm. A word in Quranic semantic field can have a different and enlarged meaning than its lexical meanings. The key terms of Quran he chose are Allah, Nabi, Wahy, Iman , Kafir etc. Arabic language defines ‘basic’ meaning of a word or term of Quran but ‘ relational’ meaning are defined with the context they are used.He has examined the history and evolution of meaning in Jahili or pre- Quranic ( diachronic linguistics) and Quranic Era ( synchronic linguistis). Toshihiko is also known for his Japanese translation of Quran that was fist to be interpreted directly from Arabic Quran.
Key words: semantic analysis, key terms, semantic field, basic meaning , relational meaning, diachronic linguistics, synchronic linguisti
Comprehensive Model Comparison for Intrusion Detection in UNR-IDD Dataset: Evaluating Naïve Bayes, Decision Tree, Random Forest, K-Neighbors, and LSTM
Get PDFThis paper compares the efficiency of five supervised learning algorithms, Namely Naïve Bayes, Decision Tree, Random Forest, K-Neighbors (KNN), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) on intrusion detection using the UNR-IDD dataset. We analysed the results of the models considering the accuracy, precision, and F1-score. The Decision Tree, Random Forest, and LSTM models were also shown to be the best performers with scores of 1 for accuracy, F1-score, and area under the curve on the testing set. The Naïve Bayes yielded low standard error of 0.038165 but the precise values of precision at 0.773218 and F1-score at 0.872107 depict how the model contributed slightly fewer true positives but more false positives. From such outcomes obtained above, it is evident that Decision Tree, Random Forest and LSTM have high accuracy and appropriateness for this intrusion detection problem, although the accuracies of 100\% are questionable because of the possibilities of over fitting. In terms of classification too, K-Neighbors has very good results and rarely misclassifies patterns. Despite this, Naïve Bayes is not the most suitable method in the present case for this particular dataset. This analysis also demonstrates the specific advantages and disadvantages of each model and gives the understanding of real-world usability of intrusion detection systems
An Intelligent Model for Predictions of PIWI-Interacting RNAs and Their Functions
Get PDFA documented class of short non-coding RNA molecules is known as PIWI interacting RNA (PiRNA). The creation of new drugs and the identification of various tumor types are linked to the PiRNA molecules. Additionally, it is related to controlling transcription of genes, squelching transposons, and preserving genomic stability. The discovery of piRNAs and their functionality has grown to be a significant research topic in bioinformatics because of the crucial influence that piRNAs play in biological processes. The 2L-piRNA-ML predictor is a strong two-layer predictor that is suggested in this research to enhance the prediction of PiRNA and their functionality. The suggested model uses Quadratic Discriminant Analysis Classifier, Linear Discriminant Analysis, Passive Aggressive Classifier, Extra Tree Classifier, Logistic Regression, Random Forest, Ridge Classifier CV for classification. It also employs DNC and TNC for extraction of features. The suggested model is created using a two-layer construction strategy. The 1st layer makes a prediction about a given sequence whether it is PiRNA or not, and the 2nd layer makes a prediction about a given PiRNA sequence whether it is having the function of instructing target mRNA deadenylation or not. Proposed model achieved 95.65 % accuracy at the first layer and 92.30% accuracy at the second layer
A Mobility Prediction Based Adaptive Task Migration in Mobile Edge Computing
No full textDuring the past few years, mobile data traffic has exponentially increased due to emerging applications, such as social media, online gaming, and augmented/virtual reality. Although the capabilities of mobile devices are significantly improved, they are unable to execute computationally intensive tasks. To extend the computing capabilities of resource-constrained mobile devices, computation offloading is performed on edge servers. Due to user mobility, offloaded tasks often need to be migrated from one edge server to another. Mobility-aware task migration faces different challenges due to varying mobility characteristics of end-users. These challenges include latency, server utilization, and energy consumption. Existing techniques of task and machine (VM) migration do not consider the user movement trajectories while making migration decisions. Consequently, the task or VM is migrated to the edge server that may be far away from the mobile users\u27 location that increases the response time. In this paper we proposed Mobility Migration Algorithm based on Linear Regression (MALR). After outsourcing the task, a recurrent neural network (RNN) and linear regression are used to forecast the user\u27s present location. Using the distance between the user and the server, it gets a list of nearby servers, and then moves the task there. The proposed approach eliminates the job migration time with improvement in forecast accuracy as compared to the logistic regression and K-mean
Some New Generators to Produce Minimal Circular Strongly Balanced Generalized Neighbor Designs of Class-I
Get PDFMinimal circular strongly balanced neighbor designs control the neighbor effects economically but these designs can only be constructed for v odd. For v even, their alternates are minimal circular strongly balanced generalized neighbor designs of class-I (MCSBGNDs-I) which are the designs in which (i) each treatment appears exactly once with itself as neighbors, (ii) v/2 unordered pairs appear twice as neighbors while the remaining ones appear once. On the basis of constructors developed by Munir et al. (2023), some new generators are developed in this article to generate cyclic shifts for efficient MCSBGNDs-I in blocks of (i) equal sizes, (ii) two different sizes, and (iii) three different sizes for m (mod 4) ≡ 2 & 3 with v even and k = 4l, k = 4l+2, k (odd) > 3, k (mod) ≡ 1 & k (mod) ≡ 3. Efficiency of neighbor effects and of Separability show that our proposed generators produce designs which control the neighbor effects efficiently as well as estimate the direct effects and neighbor effects independently
Exact Solution of Tank Drainage for Bingham Fluid flow circular tube
Get PDFUnsteady tank drainage of Bingham Plastic fluid whose flow of the fluid is due to gravity, is considered in this study. The separation of variables method is used to obtain the exact solution of the fluid. Due to very high yield stress of the fluid no slip condition is used to find out the velocity profile of the fluid. The primary objective of this work is to find the velocity profile, flow rate, shear stress, average velocity, time efflux, the relationship between the time (varying with the depth of a tank) and the time required for complete drainage from emerging partial differential equation. It has been observed that when the Bingham model parameters, flow region and pipe length increase, the time required to drain the fluid from the tank also increases. Furthermore, findings indicate that higher density and a larger pipe radius result in quicker drainage of Bingham plastic fluid from the circular tank
Improved Mean Estimators for Population utilizing Dual Supplementary Characteristics under Simple Random Sampling : Mean estimators using auxiliary Characteristics
No full textThis paper makes another addition to the existing literature of population mean estimation. An improved family of mean estimators for the population is suggested using simple random sampling and utilizing the information of dual supplementary characteristics. We have conducted an extensive theoretical and numerical investigation of these recommended estimators using the criteria of bias and mean square error. The study provides a derivation of the bias and mean square error of the recommended estimators, approximating up to the first order and compared with the existing estimators. The suggested estimators are also extensively studied numerically and compared using real-world data sets and simulation studies. The theoretical and numerical comparisons show that the estimators suggested in the study are much more efficient than the competitor estimators under all situations i.e. Bahl and Tuteja [21] and other existing estimators in the literature. Therefore, the suggested family of estimators can be applied to real-life problems to obtain better results than the existing mean estimators for the population
Nonparametric test for multiple crossing Survival Curves
Get PDFLog-rank, Wilcoxon and Tarone-Ware tests are most commonly used tests for testing the overall homogeneity of survival curves, but in certain situation it appears that they have a significant loss of statistical testing power. One such case is the more than one time crossing of survival curves. The problem considered often occurs in medical research. To overcome this problem, in this article, we present and study a non-parametric test procedure based on a new weight. The proposed new weighted test has greater power to detect overall differences between more than one time crossing survival curves. Simulation studies are performed to compare the proposed method with existing methods. Furthermore, the advantage of the new test is finally exemplified in the analysis of a β-thalassaemia major data
Tawakkul and its Dimensions: A Thematic Analysis of Quranic Verses on Tawakkul
Get PDFThe present research examined the Islamic concept of tawakkul by exploring its potential dimensions through thematic analysis of verses of the Holy Quran on tawakkul. The thematic analysis of these verses was undertaken in accordance with Braun and Clarke’s (2006) six-step procedure and the findings depicted the significance of tawakkul as a fundamental belief in the religion of Islam. Major themes extracted from the analysis were (i) need and significance of tawakkul in prophets’ lives; (ii) tawakkul as the cornerstone of faith; (iii) optimism and fearlessness; (iv) tawakkul as the absolute right of Allah; (v) tawakkul as a distinguished and praiseworthy characteristic of the believers; (vi) role of putting efforts and then leaving the consequences on Allah; and (vii) being satisfied with and having unconditional acceptance of Allah’s will. All the themes were explained and discussed with reference to the Holy verses. In the light of the extracted themes, the present study defined tawakkul as “a Muslim’s cardinal belief of relying absolutely on Allah while being optimistic about the outcomes of one’s endeavour, andunconditionally accepting Allah’s will without any regret or dissatisfaction”
The effect of slaughtering methods on meat imported from non-Islamic kingdom.
Get PDFThis research aims to address the most significant issues surrounding imported meat from non-Muslim countries. It seeks to provide Muslims with the necessary knowledge and clarity about their food, enabling them to consume what is permissible and avoid what is forbidden. Given the diverse methods of slaughter in non-Muslim countries, the permissibility of consuming such meat varies, making it crucial to understand the Islamic rulings on imported meat from these countries. Questions about the status of imported meat from non-Muslim countries, alongside the increasing number of Muslims traveling abroad for trade or education, necessitate this knowledge. This study delves into the definition of Sharia-compliant slaughter, its essence, and the impact of slaughter methods on the status of imported meat from non-Muslim countries. The importance of this topic is highlighted by the following points: 1- This topic pertains to the permissibility of consuming animal meat based on its slaughter method, necessitating its study in light of Islamic Sharia. 2- The diverse slaughter methods in non-Muslim countries impact the permissibility of consuming such meat, which is crucial for understanding the rulings on imported meat from these countries. 3- It is vital for Muslims to have knowledge and clarity about their food to consume what is permissible and avoid what is forbidden, significantly impacting their lives.