Revistas UPO (Universidad Pablo de Olivade)
Not a member yet
6006 research outputs found
Sort by
Colapso institucional y abandono moral del sistema de protección de la niñez en Venezuela (2015-2025): una regresión estructural de derechos sociales
Full text linkThis article examines the systematic violation of the fundamental rights of children and adolescents in Venezuela, in the context of a prolonged institutional collapse and a profound humanitarian crisis, aggravated by the deliberate inoperativeness of the State under the regime of Nicolás Maduro. From a legal and philosophical perspective, it analyzes state omissions in the fulfillment of the rights to food, health, education and family protection, configuring these failures not as punctual dysfunctions, but as manifestations of structural violence and normative regressivity. The study, qualitative and documentary in nature, is based on reports from international organizations, normative sources and empirical data from the medical, journalistic, humanitarian and legal fields. The differentiated impact of this crisis on children, as subjects of special protection, is interpreted through categories such as distributive justice, recognition and public responsibility. It is concluded that the Venezuelan State has structurally failed to comply with its duties of upholding rights, protection and non-discrimination, incurring in international responsibility. Finally, it proposes lines of action oriented towards mechanisms of international enforceability and a comprehensive reparation policy focused on children's rights.Este artículo examina la vulneración sistemática de los derechos fundamentales de niños, niñas y adolescentes en Venezuela, en el marco de un colapso institucional prolongado y una crisis humanitaria profunda, agravada por la inoperancia deliberada del Estado bajo el régimen de Nicolás Maduro. Desde una perspectiva jurídica y filosófica, se analizan las omisiones estatales en el cumplimiento de los derechos a la alimentación, la salud, la educación y la protección familiar, configurando dichas fallas no como disfunciones puntuales, sino como manifestaciones de violencia estructural y regresividad normativa. El estudio, de carácter cualitativo y documental, se apoya en informes de organismos internacionales, fuentes normativas y datos empíricos provenientes del campo médico, periodístico, humanitario y legal. A través de categorías como justicia distributiva, reconocimiento y responsabilidad pública, se interpreta el impacto diferenciado de esta crisis sobre la infancia, en tanto sujeto de especial protección. Se concluye que el Estado venezolano ha incumplido de forma estructural sus deberes de garantía, protección y no discriminación, incurriendo en responsabilidad internacional. Finalmente, se proponen líneas de acción orientadas a mecanismos de exigibilidad internacional y a una política integral de reparación centrada en los derechos de la infancia
Serial repitching: its effect on lager yeast fermentation properties.
Full text linkMotivation: The term serial repitching is given to the act of harvesting yeast at the end of beer fermentation with the aim of using it in the brewing of subsequent batches. It has been shown that serial repitching causes progressive deterioration of the physiological state of the yeast cells due to damage accumulation as a result of exposure to stress, and subsequently, an alteration in the brewing product. Nevertheless, the magnitude of this physiological deterioration varies according to the yeast strain [1]. The aim of the research is to evaluate the effect of serial repitching of the lager yeast used by an industrial brewery under its regular production conditions for eight consecutive generations.
Methods: For this purpose, the lager beer data collected during production by the brewery’s quality control laboratory on a routine basis during the years 2023 and 2024 was analyzed. The parameters considered were total fermentation time, final attenuation, pH and viability, vitality and size of the lager yeast cells. In addition, the tasting notes made by the brewers from the brewery's tasting panel were also taken into account.
Results: Our analysis shows that most of the parameters do not show any significant difference. However, a slight difference was observed for the fermentation time, which could be caused due to the extended lag phase which is usually seen in freshly propagated yeast [2].
Conclusions: The results suggest that serial repitching at the level studied in the research has a minimal effect on the physiological state of the lager yeast strain used by the brewery and, therefore, on the quality of the resulting beer. Although this result was expected [3], the possibility that this lack of significance in the results is caused due to a low precision in the analysis cannot be ruled out, and further research with more homogeneous data would be necessary
Carolina Blasco Jover, Cuestiones clave sobre la readmisión y los salarios de tramitación en el despido improcedente, Valencia, Tirant lo Blanch, 2024
No full textDavid Montoya Medina, Relaciones de trabajo en el sector público, Madrid, La Ley, 2024
Full text linkIntrodução à monografia especial “Youth at a crossroads. Violência escolar, violência sexual e saúde mental”.
No full textThe fact that child and youth violence and mental health problems are a growing reality in our society is something that we do not fail to see in our daily lives and this is also affirmed by the latest studies on violence and mental health. According to the latest report by the Anar Foundation and Mutua Madrileña, one in ten students (11.8%) believe that in their class there are classmates who suffer bullying, compared to 24.4% in the previous year, and insults, name-calling and teasing continue to be the main form of aggression, with physical aggression dropping by 20 points compared to the previous year's study. According to this report, ‘As for cyberbullying, this telematic form of bullying has also decreased in the last academic year, with the perception standing at 7.4% (0.8 percentage points less than the previous year). The means through which cyberbullying is committed are WhatsApp (70.2%), Instagram (49.6%) and TikTok (38.5%). In primary school, TikTok, online games and Twitch stand out with higher percentages than in secondary school’. Faced with this reality, it is necessary to continue to study its aetiology, risk factors and protection factors against this type of violence.Que la violencia infanto juvenil y los problemas de salud mental, son una realidad creciente en nuestra sociedad es algo que no dejamos de ver en nuestra vida cotidiana y así lo afirman también los últimos estudios en materia de violencia y salud mental. Según el último informe realizado por la Fundación Anar y Mutua Madrileña uno de cada diez alumnos (11,8%) cree que en su clase hay compañeros que sufren acoso escolar, frente al 24,4% del curso anterior y los insultos, motes y burlas siguen siendo la principal forma de agresión y descienden en 20 puntos las agresiones físicas con respecto al estudio del curso anterior. Según este informe “En cuanto al ciberbullying, esta forma telemática de acoso escolar también ha descendido en el último curso, situándose la percepción en un 7,4% (0,8 puntos porcentuales menos que el año anterior). Los medios a través de los que se comete el ciberbullying destacan WhatsApp (70,2%), Instagram (49,6%) y TikTok (38,5%). En primaria destacan TikTok, juegos online y Twitch con porcentajes superiores a secundaria”. Frente a esta realidad se hace necesario el continuo estudio sobre su etiología, en los factores de riesgo y de protección frente a este tipo de violenciaIl fatto che la violenza infantile e giovanile e i problemi di salute mentale siano una realtà in crescita nella nostra società è un dato che non manchiamo di vedere nella nostra vita quotidiana e lo affermano anche gli ultimi studi sulla violenza e la salute mentale. Secondo l'ultimo rapporto della Fondazione Anar e della Mutua Madrileña, uno studente su dieci (11,8%) ritiene che nella propria classe ci siano compagni che subiscono atti di bullismo, rispetto al 24,4% dell'anno precedente, e gli insulti, gli insulti e le prese in giro continuano a essere la principale forma di aggressione, con un calo di 20 punti percentuali delle aggressioni fisiche rispetto allo studio dell'anno precedente. Secondo il rapporto, “per quanto riguarda il cyberbullismo, anche questa forma telematica di bullismo è diminuita nell'ultimo anno accademico, con una percezione pari al 7,4% (0,8 punti percentuali in meno rispetto all'anno precedente). I mezzi attraverso i quali viene commesso il cyberbullismo sono WhatsApp (70,2%), Instagram (49,6%) e TikTok (38,5%). Nella scuola primaria, TikTok, i giochi online e Twitch spiccano con percentuali più alte rispetto alla scuola secondaria”. Di fronte a questa realtà, è necessario continuare a studiarne l'eziologia, i fattori di rischio e i fattori di protezione contro questo tipo di violenza.O facto de a violência infantojuvenil e os problemas de saúde mental serem uma realidade crescente na nossa sociedade é algo que não deixamos de constatar no nosso quotidiano, o que também é afirmado pelos últimos estudos sobre violência e saúde mental. De acordo com o último relatório realizado pela Fundação Anar e pela Mutua Madrileña, um em cada dez alunos (11,8%) considera que na sua turma há colegas que são vítimas de bullying, contra 24,4% no ano anterior, e os insultos, os insultos e as provocações continuam a ser a principal forma de agressão, tendo a agressão física diminuído 20 pontos em relação ao estudo do ano anterior. Segundo este relatório, “Quanto ao cyberbullying, esta forma telemática de bullying também diminuiu no último ano letivo, com uma perceção de 7,4% (menos 0,8 pontos percentuais do que no ano anterior). Os meios através dos quais o cyberbullying é cometido são o WhatsApp (70,2%), o Instagram (49,6%) e o TikTok (38,5%). No ensino básico, o TikTok, os jogos online e o Twitch destacam-se com percentagens mais elevadas do que no ensino secundário”. Perante esta realidade, é necessário continuar a estudar a sua etiologia, os factores de risco e os factores de proteção contra este tipo de violência
Mapeo del talento empresarial: Modelo híbrido basado en la intergración de la matriz nine box y el método multicriterio TOPSIS
Full text linkTalent management is a strategic function, and its objectives are to attract, develop and retain talented employees at different levels of the organization. One of its practices is to have a talent map allowing a general view of the availability in the company. The aim of this work is to present a hybrid model for talent mapping, based on the integration of the Nine Box matrix and the multicriteria method TOPSIS, to improve decision-making in talent management.
The nine-box matrix provides visual information about talent, using performance and potential as axes. This tool provides abundant information; however, it is insufficient to make decisions within the same category. For this reason, the evaluation process was integrated by applying TOPSIS, which allows for addressing problem resolution with multiple alternatives considering various criteria. The method produces a ranking of employees, providing valuable information for analysis and decision-making within each box.
Once both tools are integrated, it is concluded that the methodologies provide complementary information. The matrix groups employees into each box, while TOPSIS facilitates specific decisions by helping to prioritize within the same box.
We recommend the integrated use of both methods as it is effective in managing the complexity of talent management decisions.
To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the first applications combining both tools for talent management in service-oriented companies in Argentina.La gestión del talento es una función estratégica y su finalidad es atraer, desarrollar y retener empleados talentosos dentro de una organización. Una de sus prácticas es contar con un mapa de talento permitiendo tener una mirada general de su disponibilidad en la empresa. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar un modelo integrado para mapear el talento con las herramientas: matriz nine box y TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) buscando mejorar la toma de decisiones vinculadas con su gestión.
La matriz nine box proporciona información visual del talento, utilizando como ejes el desempeño y el potencial. Esta herramienta brinda abundante información, sin embargo es insuficiente para tomar decisiones dentro de una misma categoría. Por eso, se integró el proceso de evaluación aplicando TOPSIS, que permite abordar la resolución de problemas con múltiples alternativas donde se consideran diversos criterios. El método genera un ranking de los empleados proveyendo información valiosa para el análisis y la toma de decisiones dentro de cada caja.
Una vez integradas ambas herramientas, se concluye que las metodologías proporcionan información complementaria. La matriz permite una evaluación categórica, mientras que TOPSIS complementa la clasificación con una jerarquización cardinal dentro de cada caja. Esto permite superar la falta de discriminación en la toma de decisiones al interior de cada grupo ayudando a priorizar dentro de una misma caja.
La integración de ambos métodos se presenta como una alternativa eficaz para gestionar la complejidad y multidimensionalidad de las decisiones vinculadas al talento organizacional
Characterization of an innovative agitation and aeration system for the optimization of industrial bioprocesses.
Full text linkMotivation: In the biotechnology industry, optimizing bioprocesses is crucial for improving efficiency, sustainability, and competitiveness. Stirred-tank bioreactors are widely used, but traditional aeration and agitation systems face challenges like inefficient oxygen transfer and high energy consumption, which drive the need for more effective, sustainable solutions (Shukla et al., 2001).
Biomixing S.L. addresses this gap by developing innovative agitation and aeration systems that improve oxygen transfer, nutrient distribution, and reduce shear stress on microorganisms. The company uses advanced tools like computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and mathematical modeling to optimize system performance (Doran, 2013).
Methods: This study characterizes and validates the Biomixing system using methods based on the DECHEMA protocol, focusing on mixing time and volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient (kLa).To achieve this objective, we compared the performance of bioreactor from a golden brand using two different agitation/aeration systems: (1) the Biomixing system and (2) the widely used Rushton system. These methods allow for a thorough evaluation of system performance, providing insights into mixing efficiency, oxygen transfer, and biological impact in industrial bioprocesses (Meusel et al., 2016).
Results: The results showed improvements in mixing time and kLa values compared to the traditional Rushton turbine, confirming better oxygen transfer and mixing efficiency. These improvements were mainly observed at low rotation speeds, such as 400 and 250 rpm, where kLa increased by up to 150%. However, at speeds above 1000 rpm, the improvement were not so significant. Regarding mixing time, a 24% improvement was achieved at 700 rpm.
Conclusions: In conclusion, the optimized agitation and aeration system can lead to significant energy and resource savings by enhancing mixing efficiency and oxygen transfer. The system we have characterized is particularly well-suited for bioprocesses that demand rapid and uniform distribution of gases, nutrients and additives, ensuring optimal conditions for microbial or cellular growth. Additionally, its ability to improve oxygen transfer efficiency makes it especially beneficial for processes with high oxygen requirements, where maintaining adequate aeration is crucial for productivity and overall process performance
El error excusable en el cálculo de la indemnización del despido por causas objetivas
Full text linkThe purpose of this paper is to analyse the figure of excusable error as an exception to the sanction that the legal system imposes in general for non-compliance with the requirement to provide the worker with compensation of 20 days' salary per year of service at the time of notification of dismissal on objective grounds.El objeto de este trabajo es analizar la figura del error excusable como excepción a la sanción que el ordenamiento impone con carácter general al incumplimiento del requisito de poner a disposición del trabajador una indemnización de 20 días de salario por año de servicio en el momento en el que se le comunica el despido por causas objetivas
Medición integral para establecer la confianza del consumidor en México a través de un sistema de lógica difusa
Full text linkIn Mexico, the consumer confidence indicator is managed by the National Institute of Statistics and Geography. This indicator is obtained through the ENCO survey, which uses 5 specific variables out of the 15 captured by the instrument. Countries that carry out this measurement also use a reduced number of questions. Mexico is no exception; however, the variables selected by the institute for constructing the indicator result in the monthly published data having little variability, as they overlook aspects of the individual's economy that are important to them. To address this issue, the objective is to design a mechanism through the methodology of fuzzy inference systems that allows for a comprehensive measurement of confidence. To achieve this goal, the 15 questions that constitute the entire basic questionnaire of the ENCO survey are considered, and using factor analysis, the previous information is grouped into only 3 new variables that are introduced into the inference system. As a result of this process, a measure is obtained that behaves similarly to the official figures, with the advantage of being more sensitive due to the incorporation of important aspects related to family purchasing power that are not considered in the institute's measurement. This work represents an advance in the research line for measuring such confidence.En México, el indicador de confianza del consumidor es gestionado por el Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía. Este indicador se obtiene a través de la encuesta ENCO, que utiliza 5 variables específicas de las 15 que captura el instrumento. Los países que realizan esta medición también utilizan un número reducido de preguntas. México no es la excepción, sin embargo, las variables que el instituto ha seleccionado para la construcción del indicador, ocasionan que los datos que se publican cada mes tengan poca variabilidad, al dejar de lado aspectos de la economía del individuo que son importantes para él. Ante este inconveniente se plantea el objetivo de diseñar, a través de la metodología de los sistemas de inferencia difusos, un mecanismo que permita medir la confianza de forma integral. Para lograr dicha meta se toman en cuenta las 15 preguntas que constituyen todo el cuestionario básico de la encuesta ENCO y con el uso del análisis factorial, la información anterior es agrupada en tan sólo 3 nuevas variables que son introducidas al sistema de inferencia. Como resultado de este proceso, se obtiene una medida que se comporta de forma similar a las cifras oficiales, con la ventaja de ser más sensible debido a que se incorporan aspectos importantes que están relacionados con el poder adquisitivo familiar, no considerados en la medición por parte del instituto. Este trabajo representa un avance en la línea de investigación para medir dicha confianza
Presencia española en la escena artística en Puebla a finales del siglo XIX.
Full text linkThe art scene in Puebla during the Porfiriato takes us back to a period of maximum splendor in which outstanding artists from different fields came together. The proliferation of artistic competitions that had been developing in the international sphere since the last decades of the century, converged at this time in a singular exhibition, the Exhibition of the Catholic Circle, held in Puebla in 1900. In this scenario a wide range of exhibitors coincide. of diverse origin, with the work of some Spanish authors being the ones that stands out in a notable way. The taste for these foreign works of art is motivated, to a large extent, by the presence of a Spanish bourgeoisie that lives in the city and frequents the consumption of these type of pieces with which the cultural ties between Spain and Mexico become, In short, in an unbreakable reality.El panorama de las artes en la Puebla del porfiriato nos remite a un periodo de máximo esplendor en el que confluyen artistas destacados en diferentes ámbitos. La proliferación de certámenes artísticos que en la esfera internacional se venían desarrollando desde las últimas décadas del siglo, convergen en este momento en una muestra singular, la Exposición del Círculo Católico, celebrada en Puebla en 1900. En este escenario coinciden un amplio abanico de expositores de diversa procedencia, siendo la obra de algunos autores españoles la que destaque de manera señalada. El gusto por estas obras de arte foráneas se encuentra motivado, en buena medida, por la presencia de una burguesía española que vive en la ciudad y frecuenta el consumo de este tipo de piezas con las que los lazos culturales entre España y México se vuelven, en definitiva, en una realidad inquebrantable.