e-Jurnal Poltekkes Tanjungkarang
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KOMBINASI EKSTRAK DAUN TAPAK DARA (Catharanthus roseus) DAN DAUN SIRSAK (Annona muricata) SEBAGAI BIO-LARVASIDA
Get PDFSaat ini, pengendalian penyakit DBD masih mengutamakan cara kimia. Selain resistensi, pestisida kimia berdampak negatif terhadap kesehatan manusia, serangga non-target, dan lingkungan. Penelitian bertujuan mengembangkan larvasida dari ekstrak daun tapak dara (Catharanthus roseus) dan daun sirsak (Annona muricata). Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial, dengan dua kali ulangan. Ekstraksi ekstrak daun tapak dara (DTD) dan daun sirsak (DS) dilakukan dengan maserasi menggunakan pelarut ethanol, selanjutnya dilakukan analisis kandungan flavonoid. Total 1.000 ekor larva Aedes aegypti instar-III digunakan selama percobaan, untuk menilai pengaruh formula (5 level), dosis (5 level), dan waktu paparan selama 48 jam. Keseluruhan data (total 250 data) dianalisis dengan Two-way ANOVA pada alpha=5%. Penelitian mendapatkan kandungan flavonoid tertinggi pada ekstrak DS (11,85 Mg QE/g eks). Analisis statistik menunjukkan ketiga variabel penelitian berpengaruh signifikan terhadap mortalitas larva Ae. aegypti (p-valu
PENERAPAN PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH DAN AIR LIMBAH RUMAH TANGGA DAN KEJADIAN PENYAKIT DIARE DI KELURAHAN KALIAWI PERSADA KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG
Get PDFKelurahan Kaliawi Persada belum memenuhi pilar keempat dan kelima STBM. Masyarakat masih membuang sampah ke sungai, sembarang tempat, atau dibakar. Sementara, air limbah rumah tangga tidak memiliki saluran tertutup dan kedap air. Hal ini berisiko terhadap perkembangan penyakit berbasis lingkungan, salah satunya diare. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis hubungan penerapan pilar keempat dan kelima STBM dengan kejadian penyakit diare. Jenis penelitian adalah analitik observasional dengan rancangan cross-sectional. Populasi berjumlah 1.458 rumah tangga, dan sampel sebanyak 346 rumah tangga yang dipilih secara randomg (Simple Random Sampling). Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan observasi, menggunakan kuesioner dan checklist. Data yang terkumpul diolah dan dianalisis menggunakan perangkat lunak statistik. Penelitian mendapatkan bahwa mayoritas rumah tangga (74,9%) tidak mengelola sampah dengan baik, dan 47,1% tidak mengelola limbah rumah tangga dengan baik. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga dengan kejadian diare (p-value=0,006). Namun, pengelolaan air limbah rumah tangga tidak berkaitan dengan diare (p-value=0,407). Masyarakat sebaiknya melakukan pemilahan sampah dari tingkat rumah tangga, agar mudah diolah oleh petugas pengolah sampah. Hal penting lain yang perlu diperhatikan bersama antara pemerintah dan masyarakat adalah saling bergotong royong dalam mengupayakan kesehatan masyarakat
Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas Instrumen Penelitian Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Sikap Mahasiswa terhadap Pemilihan Suplemen Kesehatan dalam Menghadapi Covid-19
Get PDFResearch instruments that can be accepted in a study must comply with standards that have been through data validation and reliability tests. The validation test can use the Pearson Product Moment formula and test using the t-test and see the interpretation of the correlation index with the total score. Reliability measurements can be used Cronbach's alpha value method. The purpose of this study was to test the validity and reliability of the questionnaire in researching the level of knowledge and attitudes of students towards the selection of health supplements in the face of Covid-19. This research was conducted with a qualitative analysis research design with an analysis unit of active female students at the Akademi Farmasi Yarsi Pontianak. Prospective data collection for active students at all levels/semesters by administering a questionnaire containing ten indicators of knowledge about Covid-19 and attitudes towards consuming health supplements. The questionnaire was valid and reliable with a correlation value (Pearson Correlation) for indicators of knowledge and attitudes r-value >0.5-0.8 than r table 0.3 and Cronbach's alpha value of knowledge 0.5 and attitudes 0.9. Based on the results of the discussion, it can be concluded that the questionnaire can be declared valid and reliable
Kondisi Klinis dan Determinan Status Gizi Anak dengan HIV/AIDS (ADHA)
Get PDFGlobally, nearly 2.6 million children under 15 years of age have been infected with HIV with 40-64% experiencing malnutrition. Children born to HIV-positive mothers with CD4 alpha (0.05). In this study, the average nutritional status of ADHA who did not have comorbidities was higher than that of ADHA who had comorbidities. The average difference in nutritional status was statistically significant with a p-value of 0.01
IDENTIFIKASI POTENSI BAHAYA COVID-19 PADA PETUGAS CLEANING SERVICE DENGAN METODE HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT (HIRA) DI PUSKESMAS SLEMAN TAHUN 2021
Get PDFCOVID-19 merupakan salah satu potensi bahaya biologis yang menyebabkan penyakit akibat kerja di Puskesmas. Upaya untuk mengurangi terjadinya penyakit akibat kerja adalah dengan melakukan identifikasi potensi bahaya. Identifikasi potensi bahaya salah satunya dapat dilakukan dengan metode Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (HIRA). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran potensi bahaya COVID-19 pada petugas cleaning service di Puskesmas Sleman. Jenis penelitian ini adalah survei deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode HIRA, yaitu dengan melakukan observasi secara langsung, kemudian dilakukan analisis data dimulai dari mengidentifikasi kegiatan-kegiatan yang menimbulkan potensi penularan COVID-19. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat 40 temuan potensi bahaya pada petugas cleaning service. Berdasarkan penilaian risiko potensi bahaya COVID-19 pada petugas cleaning service terdapat 16 aktivitas (40% aktivitas) yang termasuk ke dalam risiko sedang, 22 aktivitas (55% aktivitas) yang termasuk ke dalam risiko bermakna, dan 2 aktivitas (5%) aktivitas yang termasuk ke dalam risiko tinggi. Potensi bahaya COVID-19 yang ditemukan pada petugas cleaning service, yaitu penggunaan APD kurang tepat, memegang peralatan kerja, tangan menyentuh bagian hidung sebelum mencuci tangan dengan sabun, dan tidak mencuci tangan dengan sabun setelah melakukan pekerjaan (menyapu, mengepel lantai, membersihkan kamar mandi, membersihkan kaca ruangan, pengumpulan limbah domestik, limbah medis cair laboratorium, dan limbah infeksius)
Pengaruh Hidroterapi Rendam Kaki Air Hangat Garam Magnesium terhadap Kadar Magnesium Darah dan Tekanan Darah Lansia dengan Hipertensi
Get PDFLatar belakang: Penyakit hipertensi sebagai penyakit tidak menular yang menjadi issue global dalam dunia kesehatan dan menjadi silent killer. Perlu pengembangan terapi nonfarmakologi atau komplementer memanfaatkan bahan yang tersedia di masyarakat. Tujuan: Studi ini untuk membuktikan adanaya efek penurunan tekanan darah pada lansia lebih besar dibandingkan penelitian sebelumnya. Sehingga, dapat direkomendasikan sebagai salah satu terapi komplementer menurunakan tekanan darah di masyarakat. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan non-randomized studies menggunakan “one group pre-pos test design†pada Lansia. Populasi penelitian adalah semua lansia dengan hipertensi dengan dengan jumlah sampel 34 lansia. Variabel intervensi adalah rendam kaki air hangat (37-390C) garam magnesium dengan kosentrasi 1 % selama dua minggu dengan selang waktu satu hari dari setiap intervensi, durasi rendam kaki 15-20 menit untuk memperoleh efek penurunan tekanan darah. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji wilcoxon untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi rendam kaki air hangat garam magnesium terhadap perubahan tekanan darah dan kadar magnesium di dalam darah dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95% dan tingkat signifikansi (α) 5% atau 0,05. Hasil: Studi memperoleh hasil ada perbedaan atau selisih yang signifikan antara tekanan darah sistolik sebelum dan sesudah intervensi (p-value 0,000) dengan penurunan tekanan darah 7,06 mmHg, tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara tekanan darah diastolik sebelum dan sesudah intervensi (p-value 0,763), dan ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara kadar magnesium darah sebelum dan sesudah intervensi (p-value 0,001) dengan penurunan kadar magnesium 0.97 gr/dl. Simpulan: Lansia dengan hipertensi setelah diberikan hitroterapi rendam kaki air hangat garam magnesium mengalami penurunan tekanan darah.Background: Hypertension is a non-communicable disease that has become a global issue in the world of health and has become a silent killer. It is necessary to develop non-pharmacological or complementary therapies using materials available in the community. Purpose: This study is to prove that the effect of lowering blood pressure in the elderly is greater than in previous studies. Thus, it can be recommended as a complementary therapy to reduce blood pressure in the community. Methods: This type of research is an experimental study with a non-randomized design using a “one group pre-post test design†in the elderly. The study population was all elderly with hypertension with a total sample of 34 elderly. The intervention variable was foot soak in warm water (37-390C) magnesium salt with a concentration of 1% for two weeks with an interval of one day from each intervention, the duration of the foot soak was 15-20 minutes to obtain the effect of lowering blood pressure. The data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test to determine the effect of foot bath therapy in warm water with magnesium salts on changes in blood pressure and magnesium levels in the blood with a 95% confidence level and a significance level of (α) 5% or 0.05. Results: The study found that there was a significant difference or difference between systolic blood pressure before and after the intervention (p-value 0.000) with a decrease in blood pressure of 7.06 mmHg, there was no significant difference between diastolic blood pressure before and after the intervention (p-value). value 0.763), and there was a significant difference between blood magnesium levels before and after the intervention (p-value 0.001) and a decrease in magnesium levels of 0.97 g/dl. Conclusion: Elderly with hypertension after being given hydrotherapy by soaking their feet in warm water with magnesium salts experienced a decrease in blood pressure
PERENCANAAN IPAL BIOFILTER ANAEROB-AEROB DI PUSKESMAS WAY HALIM KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG
Get PDFPuskesmas Rawat Inap Way Halim menghasilkan air limbah sebanyak 25,7 m3/hari. Berdasarkan peraturan yang berlaku, sudah seharusnya dilakukan pengolahan sebelum dibuang ke lingkungan. Penelitian bertujuan merancang Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) dengan sistem Biofilter anaerob-aerob, sesuai dengan persyaratan yang berlaku. Penelitian bersifat deskriptif, diawali dengan pengumpulan data melalui pengamatan dan wawancara. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengukuran dan perhitungan sebagai bahan pembuatan rancangan IPAL. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa volume bak penangkap = 2,1 m3, bak ekualisasi = 6,4 m3, bak pengendap awal = 4,3 m3, bak anaerob = 4,8 m3, bak aerob = 2,9 m3, bak pengendap akhir = 4,3 m3, bak biokontrol = 4,3 m3 dan bak klorinasi = 1 m3. Perkiraan biaya yang dibutuhkan untuk pembangunan instalasi sebesar Rp 156.000.000. Rancangan ini diyakini mampu menurunkan BOD hingga 94%, (dari 124,9 mg/l menjadi 10,8 mg/l), sehingga memenuhi peraturan yang berlaku.Â
Analisis Sisa Makanan Pasien Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit
Get PDFKepmenkes No.129/Menkes/SK/II/2008 concerning Minimum Hospital Service Standards (SPM) states that as much as 20% of food leftovers are not eaten by patients. Patient nutrition becomes inadequate and inefficient due to wasted costs. This study aims to analyze food waste from inpatients at the hospital. Using a cross-sectional design, measurements were made of 113 inpatients at Ahmad Yani Metro Hospital, taken proportionally from classes I, II, and III with the consecutive method. As the dependent variable is leftover food and the independent variable is food appearance (portion and serving), food taste (seasoning and food temperature), and food from outside the hospital. Data were collected by interview technique using a closed list of questions and assessment using the Comstock Form. The analysis will be carried out to the bivariate level using a t-test. The results of this study indicate that 79.6% of inpatients at the Ahmad Yani Hospital in Metro City left less than 20% of food left. Meanwhile, the average leftover food reached 18.5% (SD=14.7%). There was a relationship between food presentation (p-value=0.018), food temperature (p-value=0.048), and food from outside the hospital (p-value= 0.044) with leftover food. Meanwhile, the portion of food (p-value=0.178) and seasoning (p-value=0.115) had no significant relationship with food waste. Therefore, it is recommended to hospitals as nutrition service providers improve the vegetable menu in the menu cycle
Model Stimulasi dan Resiliensi terhadap Perkembangan Sosial Emosional Anak Usia 3- 5 tahun
Get PDFStatistical data from the Covid 19 task force in Surabaya confirmed that the death rate for COVID-19 cases until February 2021 reached 1,276 from a cumulative number of 19,089 confirmed COVID-19 and most of the deaths were 42 years old. This condition caused fear, especially in the elderly, and families with children, toddlers, and families with newborns who are at risk of mental health crises, thus requiring the development of a resilience framework to develop a stimulation model for children's social-emotional development based on cultural values and beliefs. This study aimed to determine the model of parental stimulation and resilience and their effect on children's social and emotional development. This research is a survey with a cross-sectional approach, totality sampling is 300 respondents, the instrument uses a questionnaire, while the social-emotional uses the Social Diversity Questionnaire. Test analysis using SEM modeling. The results of the stimulation model have a positive influence on children's socio-emotional development of 0.78 with a t-count value of 4.556 and p-value=0.001. The resilience stage model has a t-count value of 4.987 and a path coefficient of 0.92 with a p-value=0.001. The resilience stage has a positive influence on the stimulation model of 0.57 with a t-count value of 3.245 and a p-value 0.001. Activities to stimulate the development of children at the age of 5 years can be done by making work together with parents with resilience conditions in the recovery stage
Self Efficacy dengan Tingkat Kecemasan Tenaga Kesehatan Kamar Bedah pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Get PDFThe increasing number of COVID-19 cases in Indonesia, especially in Lampung Province, has an impact on mental disorders such as anxiety. The existence of high self-efficacy makes a person able to bring out the best of himself and reduce anxiety. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between self-efficacy and the anxiety level of operating room health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research method uses a quantitative analytical design and a cross-sectional approach. The variables in this study were self-efficacy and anxiety levels of operating room health workers. Sampling using total sampling technique, as many as 90 respondents. The measuring instrument used is the General Self Efficacy Scale questionnaire and for measuring anxiety using General Anxiety Disorder-7, then the data is analyzed using the Chi-Square Test. The results obtained a p-value of 0.02 (p-value<0.05), which means that there is a significant relationship between self-efficacy and the anxiety level of operating room health workers during the Covid-19 pandemic in hospitals. The better a person's efficacy will make self-confidence and be ability to overcome existing problems. It is expected to be able to improve performance and maintain the protocol according to the standards that have been applied