e-Jurnal Poltekkes Tanjungkarang
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Increased Incidence of Influenza: Effects of Dense Housing Occupancy, Behaviour and Demographic Factors in Coastal Areas
Get PDFIntroduction: Influenza is an acute respiratory infection that is a seasonal pandemic and can be prevented by healthy behaviors. However, the fact is that influenza cases are still often outbreaks, even epidemics, both nationally and globally. Purpose: To assess demographic determinants, occupancy density, and preventive behavior with influenza incidence in the coastal area of Bungkutoko sub-district of Kendari city, in one of the islands of Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 95 respondents selected by simple random sampling was used as a research design. Structured interviews used valid and reliable questionnaires to obtain data on age, sex, preventive behavior, and occupancy density. The chi-square test was used to analyze bivariates with a significant value of 0.05. Results: More than half (53.7%) of influenza cases were found out of 95 respondents. Age (p=0.002; OR= 3.251), gender (p=0.041; OR=2.133), preventive behavior (p=0.047; OR=2.163), and dense housing occupancy (p=0.000; OR= 5.775) was significantly associated with influenza (p-value < 0.05). Conclusion: Influenza cases increased associated with risk factors for age, sex, preventive behavior, and dense housing occupancy in coastal areas in this study. Thus, indicating increased education on influenza prevention by paying attention to risk factors by community and interprofessional nurses is needed as early awareness of the potential for an epidemic.
Latar belakang: Influenza merupakan penyakit infeksi saluran pernapasan akut yang pandemic musiman dan dapat dicegah dengan prilaku hidup sehat. Namun, kenyataanya kasus influenza masih sering menjadi outbreak, bahkan epidemic baik nasional maupun global. Tujuan: Untuk menilai determinan demografi, kepadatan hunian, dan prilaku pencegahan dengan kejadian influenza di wilayah pesisir kelurahan Bungkutoko kota Kendari, di salah satu kepulauan Sulawesi Tenggara, Indonesia. Metode: Studi cross-sectional digunakan sebagai desain penelitian, melibatkan 95 responden yang dipilih dengan simple random sampling. Wawancara terstruktur menggunakan kuesioner yang valid dan reable untuk memperoleh data usia, jenis kelamin, perilaku sehat, dan kepadatan hunian. Uji chi squre digunakan untuk menganalisis bivariat dengan nilai signifikan 0,05. Hasil: Ditemukan setengah lebih (53,7%) kasus influenza dari 95 responden. Usia (p=0,002; OR= 3,251), jenis kelamin (p=0,041; OR=2,133), perilaku hidup sehat (p=0,047; OR=2,163), dan kepadatan hunian (p=0,000; OR= 5,775) berhubungan secara signifikan terhadap kejadian inluenza (α < 0,05). Simpulan: Kasus influenza terjadi peningkatan berhubungan dengan faktor risiko usia, jenis kelamin, perilaku pencegahan, dan kepadatan hunian di daerah pesisir pada studi ini. Sehingga, mengindikasikan peningkatan edukasi pencegahan kejadian influenza dengan memperhatikan faktor risiko oleh perawat komunitas dan interprofessional sangat diperlukan sebagai kewaspadaan dini potensi terjadi epidemic
Gambaran Penerapan Lima Pilar Sanitasi Total Berbasis Masyarakat (STBM) di Wilayah Risiko Stunting Kota Bandar Lampung
Get PDFSanitasi lingkungan berkaitan erat dengan infeksi berulang yang berdampak pada stunting. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis penerapan lima pilar sanitasi total berbasis masyarakat (STBM) di wilayah risiko stunting Kota Bandar Lampung. Penelitian menggunakan desain kualitatif, dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Sumberagung Kota Bandar Lampung, selama bulan Agustus hingga September 2023. Informasi diperoleh dari informan utama, informan kunci, dan informan triangulasi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam dengan pendekatan snowball, serta Focus Group Discussion (FGD) terhadap informan kunci dan triangulasi. Hasil wawancara pengumpulan data dibuat dalam bentuk transkrip dan dilakukan content analysis. Secara umum, masyarakat belum memahami penerapan kelima pilar STBM. Informasi dominan diperoleh orang tua secara turun temurun. Namun begitu, masyarakat telah melaksanakan pilar pertama (stop buang air besar sembarangan/SBS), pilar kedua (cuci tangan pakai sabun/CTPS), dan pilar ketiga (pengolahan air minum dan makanan rumah tangga/PAMMRT), walaupun belum sepenuhnya memenuhi syarat kesehatan. Rendahnya pengetahuan menyebabkan belum dilakukannya penerapan pilar keempat (pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga/PSRT) dan pilar kelima (pengelolaan air limbah domestik rumah tangga/PALDRT) dari STBM. Penerapan pilar keempat (PSRT) dan pilar kelima (PALDRT) dari STBM belum dilaksanakan karena rendahnya tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat, dampak dari minimnya informasi. Melakukan edukasi untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan menjadi upaya penting yang harus dilakukan untuk mencegah stunting dan meningkatkan status kesehatan masyarakat
Identifikasi Spesies Plasmodium Malaria Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Desa Hanura Pesawaran Lampung
Get PDFMalaria is one of the causes of death and morbidity in children and adults in tropical countries. Malaria is caused by Protozoa of the genus Plasmodium, Plasmodium in humans consists of 4 species, namely Palsmodium falciparum, Palsmodium vivax, Palsmodium malariae and Palsmodium ovale. Pesawaran District is the area most commonly found with malaria, in 2017 there were 1,738 cases of malaria in the working area of the Hanura Health Center. The purpose of this study was to find out and identify Plasmodium malaria species that infect people in the work area of the Hanura Village Public Health Center, Teluk Pandan District, Pesawaran Regency, Lampung. This type of research is a descriptive survey research using cross-sectional methods using univariate data analysis. The data in this study were primary data, namely the results of Plasmodium identification in blood smears and in the form of patient demographic data (age, sex, education and behavior using mosquito nets or not). The results showed that out of 164 respondents, 22 patients found Plasmodium parasites. The identified Plasmodium vivax parasites were 20 people (90.9%) while for Plasmodium falciparum there were 2 people (9.1%). Plasmodium parasites identified at the age of 5-11 years (children) were 6 respondents (27.3%), in female sex there were 13 people (59.1%), at the elementary school level there were 15 people (68.2%), the behavior of not using mosquito nets was 12 people (54.5%). From the results of this study it can be concluded that Plasmodium parasites were found and identified that infect people in the work area at the Hanura Village Health Center, Teluk Pandan District, Pesawaran Regenc
Uji Toksisitas dan Aktivitas Antimalaria Melalui Penghambatan Polimerisasi Hem Fraksi Etil Asetat, N-Heksan dan
Get PDFThe population at risk of developing malaria in the Asian region is 1.4 billion people. Nine countries are at high risk of developing malaria in the Asian region where the highest proportion is achieved by India 89%, Myanmar 2% and Indonesia 7%. Inhibition of heme polymerization is an initial screening test for antimalarial activity. Bidara leaves (Ziziphus mauritiana L.) were selected based on the content of secondary metabolites containing alkaloids. Plant compounds that have been shown to have heme polymerization inhibitory activity are phenolic compounds such as flavonoids, anthraquinones, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, alkaloids, and glycosides. This study aims to determine the chemical content and inhibition activity of heme polymerization based on the IC50 value of the N Hexane, Ethyl Acetate and ethanol fractions of bidara leaves (Ziziphus mauritiana L.). The research method was carried out using the modified Basilico method. Heme polymerization inhibition activity is expressed in 50% Inhibition Concentration (IC50), which is the extract level that can inhibit heme polymerization up to 50%. IC50 data showed that the lowest average IC50 value of the ethyl acetate fraction was 1.107 mg/mL, which means that the ethyl acetate fraction of bidara leaves with a concentration of 1.107 mg/mL could provide 50% inhibition. Followed by an average IC50 of the N Hexane fraction of 3.052 mg/mL and an average IC50 value of chloroquine diphosphate of 8.059 mg/mL. Meanwhile, the ethanol fraction of bidara leaves has an IC50 value above the positive control, which is 21.815 mg/ml
Implementasi Pelayanan Antenatal dalam Meningkatkan Pengetahuan dan Menurunkan Kecemasan Melalui Tele-edukasi dan Booklet pada Ibu Hamil
No full textIntroduction: The increased anxiety of pregnant women in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic is due to a lack of knowledge. Increased knowledge of pregnant women can be provided through education using booklets and tele-education media. Purpose: This study aims to determine the difference in improving the knowledge and anxiety of pregnant women through the provision of Tele-education and booklets during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest approach with a control group design. The number of samples used was 30 respondents in the tele-education group and 30 respondents in the booklet group, with consecutive sampling techniques. Knowledge was measured using a questionnaire with right or wrong answer choices, while anxiety was measured using the Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale (ZSAS) questionnaire. Both of these questionnaires have good validity and reliability. The Whitney test analyzed data. Results: The study found the use of tele-education media (p=0.0001) and booklets (p=0.015) had an effect on increasing the knowledge of pregnant women. The use of booklet media is more effective (rank mean = 36.77) than Tele-education media (rank mean = 24.23) to increase knowledge in pregnant women (p=0.004). Anxiety of pregnant women can be reduced using tele-education media (p=0.007) and booklet media during the COVID-19 pandemic (p=0.015). There is no difference (more effective) in the use of Tele-education media and booklets on reducing anxiety of pregnant women (p=0.195). Conclusion: Tele-education can be utilized as an alternative antenatal service during and after the COVID-19 pandemic to increase knowledge and other services for pregnant women and health workers.
Latar Belakang: Peningkatan kecemasan ibu hamil pada era pandemi COVID-19 disebabkan kurangnya pengetahuan. Peningkatan pengetahuan pada ibu hamil dapat diberikan melalui edukasi menggunakan media booklet dan Tele-edukasi. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas peningkatan perbaikan pengetahuan dan kecemasan ibu hamil melalui pemberian Tele-edukasi dan booklet saat pandemi COVID-19. Metode: penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasi eksperimental dengan pendekatan pretest-posttest with control group design. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 30 responden pada kelompok Tele-edukasi dan 30 responden pada kelompok booklet, dengan teknik consecutive sampling. Pengukuran pengetahuan dilakukan menggunakan kuisioner dengan pilihan jawaban benar atau salah, sedangkan kecemasan diukur menggunakan kuisoner Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale (ZSAS). Kedua kuisioner ini memiliki validitas dan reabilitas yang baik. Data dianalisis dengan uji Mann whitney. Hasil: Studi menemukan penggunaan media tele-edukasi (p=0,0001) dan booklet (p=0,015) berpengaruh terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan ibu hamil. Penggunaan media booklet lebih efektif (rank mean = 36.77) dibandingkan media Tele-edukasi (rank mean = 24.23) terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan pada ibu hamil (p=0,004). Kecemasan ibu hamil dapat diturunkan menggunakan media tele-edukasi (p=0,007) dan media booklet pada masa pandemic COVID-19 (p=0,015). Tidak tidak ada perbedaan (lebih efektif) penggunaan media Tele-edukasi dan booklet terhadap penurunan kecemasan ibu hamil (p=0,195). Simpulan: Tele-edukasi dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai alternatif pelayanan antenatal baik pada masa pandemi maupun pasca pandemic COVID-19 untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan maupun layanan lainnya untuk ibu hamil bagi tenaga Kesehatan
Pengurangan Nyeri dan Cemas dengan Teknik Relaksasi Genggam Jari pada Pasien Pasca Intervensi Koroner Perkutan: Studi Non-randomized Controled Trial
Get PDFIntroduction: Pain and anxiety are problems in patients undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) which can be treated with non-pharmacological therapy. However, the fact that this problem still occurs in patients. Various non-pharmacological techniques can be performed, including the finger-holding technique without causing side effects. Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the finger grip technique in reducing pain and anxiety after removing the transradial sheath after IKP procedures. Methods: Non-randomized clinical trial with a pretest posttest with control group design as the study method, was carried out in March 2023 – May 2023. Participants were patients who were hospitalized with IKP. The study consisted of 18 intervention group participants and 18 control group participants. The intervention group was given non-pharmacological therapy with finger grip relaxation techniques and the control group was given standard nursing care. Pain was measured using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) questionnaire and the anxiety variable was measured using the Visual Analog Scale for Anxiety (VAS-A) which has been tested for validity and reliability. Data were analyzed using paired-sample t-tests and independent-sample t-tests to answer the research objectives. Results: There was a decrease in the pain scale from a score of 4.56 (moderate pain) after intervention 2.39 (mild pain) and a reduction in anxiety from a score of 4.17 and after intervention 2.39. The results of the analysis showed that there was a significant effect of the finger grip relaxation technique on reducing pain (p=0.001) and anxiety in patients with PCI (p=0.001). Conclusion: PCI patients after removal of the transradial sheath who experience complications from pain and anxiety and are given the finger-hold relaxation technique, the results are effective, and there is a decrease in pain and anxiety.
Latar Belakang: Nyeri dan cemas menjadi masalah pada pasien yang dilakukan Intervensi Koroner Perkutan (IKP) yang dapat ditangani dengan terapi non-farmakologi. Namun, kenyataan masalah ini masih terjadi pada pasien. Berbagai teknik non-farmakologi yang dapat dilakukan, diantaranya teknik gegngam jari yang tanpa menimbulkan efek samping. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi efektifitas teknik genggam jari terhadap pengurangan nyeri dan cemas setelah pelepasan sheath transradial pasca tindakan IKP. Metode: Non-randomized clinical trial dengan rancangan pretest posttest with control group design sebagai metode studi ini, dilaksanakan di pada bulan Maret 2023 – Mei 2023. Partisipan adalah pasien yang dirawat di rumah sakit dengan IKP. Studi terdiri atas 18 partisipan kelompok intervensi dan 18 partisipan kelompok kontrol. Kelompok intervensi diberikan terapi nonfarmakologi teknik relaksasi genggam jari dan kelompok kontrol diberikan asuhan asuhan keperawatan standar. Nyeri diukur menggunakan menggunakan kuesioner Numerik Rating Scale (NRS) dan variabel cemas diukur menggunakan Visual Analog Scale for Anxiety (VAS–A) yang sudah diuji validitas dan reabilitasnya. Data dianalisis menggunakan paired-sample t-test dan independent sample t-test untuk menjawab tujuan penelitian. Hasil: Ditemukan penurunan skala nyeri dari skor 4,56 (nyeri sedang) dan setelah intervensi 2,39 (nyeri ringan) dan pengurangan cemas dari skor 4,17 dan setelah intervensi 2,39. Hasil analisis menunjukkan ada pengaruh secara bermakna efek teknik relakasi genggam jari terhadap penurunan nyeri (p=0,001) dan cemas pada pasien dengan IKP (p=0,001). Simpulan: Pasien IKP setelah pelepasan sheath transradial yang mengalami komplikasi nyeri dan cemas diberikan teknik relaksasi genggam jari diperoleh hasil efektif, terjadi penurunan nyeri dan cemas
PENGGUNAAN PUZZLE SEBAGAI MEDIA PENYULUHAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENGETAHUAN MITIGASI BENCANA KEBAKARAN BAGI TENAGA KERJA DI INDUSTRI DIPO BAKERY BANTUL YOGYAKARTA
Get PDFKebakaran merupakan salah satu bencana yang sering terjadi di Indonesia. Rendahnya pengetahuan mitigasi seringkali menjadi pemicu terjadinya kebakaran. Salah satu media pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan adalah dengan media puzzle. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis penggunaan media puzzle untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan mitigasi kebakaran pada karyawan industri roti. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan pre-test and post-test with control group, dilakukan di dua industri roti berbeda. Penyuluhan dengan media puzzle pada kelompok ekperimen (n=21), dan media ceramah untuk kelompok kontrol (n=17). Seluruh karyawan diikutkan dalam penelitian (N=38). Data dianalisis dengan Wilcoxon Sign Rank test dan Mann-Whitney test, pada tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan peningkatan rata-rata nilai pengetahuan pada kelompok eksperimen, dari 9,24 menjadi 13,52, atau sekitar 46,4%. Pada kelompok kontrol, dari 9,24 menjadi 12,53, atau 37,5%. Pada kedua kelompok, nilai pengetahuan secara signifikan berbeda antara sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan (p-value= 0,0001). Hasil analisis statistik juga menunjukkan perbedaan nilai pengetahuan yang signifikan antara kelompok eksperimen dan kontrol (p-value= 0,002). Nilai pengetahuan dengan media puzzle lebih besar, dibandingkan metode penyuluhan dengan ceramah. Penelitian telah membuktikan bahwa penyuluhan dengan media puzzle dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang mitigasi kebaran yang lebih baik, dibandingkan dengan metode ceramah. Media puzzle menjadi salah satu alternatif yang dapat digunakan untuk kegiatan penyuluhan kesehatan
Penggunaan Kalium Feri Sianida Untuk Pengolahan Serum Ikterik
Get PDFA bad sample gives an invalid laboratory test result. There are several reasons that can cause a sample to be unfit for examination. The serum that most often causes errors are hemolysis, jaundice and lipemia. Icteric serum is serum that is yellow brown due to hyperbilirubinemia (increased levels of bilirubin in the blood). Icteric serum may cause interference with laboratory tests. Icteric serum can affect measurements at a wavelength of 400-500 nm. Examination by the method of oxidase or peroxidase reactions, such as glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides and uric acid can be disrupted. Potassium Ferricyanide is added to oxidize bilirubin to biliverdin before testing, and can reduce absorption disorders. Potassium ferric cyanide can reduce total bilirubin levels (p=0.000) in icteric serum. There were differences in the results of total cholesterol (p=0.000), triglycerides (p=0.019), glucose (p=0.001), total protein (p=0.011), albumin (p=0.004), globulin (p=0.002), creatinine ( p=0.011), urea (p=0.014), SGOT (p=0.007), SGPT (p=0.030) and alkaline phosphatase (p=0.002) in icteric serum added and not added potassium ferric cyanide
Faktor Determinan yang Memengaruhi Perilaku Swadiagnosis dan Swamedikasi pada Mahasiswa Kedokteran dan Non-Kedokteran
Get PDFSelf-diagnosis and self-medication are some of the global health phenomena. Inappropriate behavior may lead to harmful effects such as misdiagnosis, antibiotic resistance, etc. Determinant factors such as age, gender, ownership of health insurance, and others are influencing self-medication. This study aims to find the prevalence of self-diagnosis and self-medication and the determinant factors influencing self-medication in university students. This study used a cross-sectional method conducted in April 2021 online. Using consecutive non-probability sampling, the research sample successfully obtained was 184 medical and non-medical faculty students. The research data were analyzed in univariate and bivariate. The prevalence of self-diagnosis and self-medication was 64.1% and 46.7% in the medical faculty-student group, then 63.0% and 43.5% in the non-medical faculty-student group. Duration of illness in the medical faculty-student group, self-diagnosis, and support from other persons in both groups of respondents significantly correlated with self-medication (p-valu
Analysis of Risk Factors of Stunting in Toddlers
Get PDFStunting is a childhood condition that experiences growth disorders characterized by a child's height that is not appropriate for their age and results from chronic nutritional problems. This study analyses the risk factors for stunting in West Tulang Bawang Regency. This study was a cross-sectional study. Data were collected through self-administered questionnaires from 265 mothers of children under five in three West Tulang Bawang Regency districts. This research used multivariate logistic regression to determine risk factors for stunting. The study assessed that 10.9% of their children were stunted. Nearly half of the mothers had low education (48.7%), and most did not work (79.6%). As many as 94.3% of mothers said they had a protected source of drinking water, while around 23.4% did not have sewerage. Most of the respondent's energy, fat, and carbohydrate adequacy level was classified as insufficient, and most children did not suffer from infectious diseases. The results of the correlation test showed that sewerage (AOR=4.309; p-value=0.000) was correlated with the occurrence of stunting, while a history of measles (AOR=3.482; p-value=0.150), energy adequacy level (AOR=2.691; p-value=0.057), birth order (AOR=2.949; p-value=0.050) not significantly correlated to stunting but had a high risk of stunting. Multivariate test results showed that no sewerage in families had a risk of about 4.192 times the occurrence of stunting in children compared to the presence of sewerage in West Tulang Bawang Regency