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Karakteristik Mutu Tuna Albacore (Thunnus alalunga) Loin Masak Beku di PT X Banyuwangi - Jawa Timur
Full text linkTuna merupakan salah satu anggota keluarga Scombridae yang mempunyai nilai ekonomi tinggi dan merupakan salah satu ekspor makanan laut yang penting bagi Indonesia. Oleh karena itu diperlukan proses penanganan dan pengolahan yang baik dan benar. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui karakteristik mutu pengolahan tuna loin masak beku. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan obervasi dan ikut serta langsung dalam proses penerimaan bahan baku hingga pemuatan, antara lain melakukan uji mutu sensorik, kimia dan mikrobiologi, penerapan rantai dingin dan rendemen. Analisis data bersifat deskriptif. Dari hasil penelusuran, diketahui bahwa proses pengolahan tuna loin beku masak beku terdiri dari 17 tahap, mulai dari pengadaan bahan baku hingga pemuatan produk. Penerapan rantai dingin telah dijalankan dengan baik. Nilai uji organoleptik tuna beku sebesar 8 dan tuna loin masak beku sebesar 8. Hasil uji histamin tuna beku berkisar 2,5 – 14,3 ppm dan pada tuna loin masak beku berkisar 0,5 – 16,4 ppm. Nilai ALT tuna loin masak beku 6,2 x 10³ kol/g sampai 6,5 x 10⁴ kol/g. Telah memenuhi standar perusahaan dan SNI. Rendemen tahap penyiangan berkisar 92,5 - 94,7%, pemasakan 81,4 - 85,2%, deheading & skinning (kepala+ekor+kulit) 60,3 - 66,4%, cleaning 42,0 - 48,4%. Secara keseluruhan produk tuna loin masakbeku telah memenuhi standar SNI 7968:2014 untuk standar ekspor
Zooplankton Indikator Lingkungan Produktivitas Tambak Budidaya Udang
Full text linkUdang merupakan komoditas yang mempunyai prospek perekonomian cukup besar yang mengahsilkan devisa cukup besar. Budidaya udang di tambak sangat rentan terhadap infeksi penyakit. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhinya adalah lingkungan sebagai media budidaya udang yang komposisi penyusunnya diantarnya adalah Zooplankton. Zooplankton tidak hanya mpengaruhi kualitas air, juga sebagai pakan udang udang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis zooplankton indikator lingkungan produktivitas budidaya udang di tambak. Penelitian dilakukan di tambak budidaya udang vaname Desa Banten, Serang, Provinsi Banten, Indonesia. Waktu pelaksanaanya bulan Januari – Agustus 2023. Metode pengambilan sample adalah deskriptif dan purposive random sampling. Lokasi pengambilan sampel di empat stasiun yaitu muara sungai, inlet tambak, tandon air dan tiga petakan tambak udang. Peubah tidak bebas adalah produktivitas tambak. Pengolahan data menggunakan excel dan Statistical Program for Social Science (SPSS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai kelimpahan zooplankton di Muara Sungai, inlet dan Tandon 22 - 68 ind.m-3 dan yang paling tinggi adalah di inlet tambak. Sedangkan di petakan sebesar 37 – 64 ind.m-3. Produksi tertinggi pada petakan tambak dengan jenis dan jumlah zooplankton tinggi. Parameter kualitas air sesuai dengan pertumbuhan udang. Hutan mangrove meningkatkan kelimpahan zooplankton yang berperan dalam meningkatkan kualitas air media kultur dan menyediakan pakan alami dalam meningkatkan produktivitas udang di tambak
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT FEEDING RATES OF CORN COB FLOUR SUPPLEMENTED-FEED ON THE GROWTH OF FARMED Osphronemus gouramy
Full text linkThe rapid growth of the aquaculture industry and the limited availability of conventional fish feed have driven the need for alternative feed sources, particularly in intensive fish farming systems. This study, conducted from May 15 to July 5, 2017, in Bengkulu, aimed to determine the optimal feeding rate for gourami (Osphronemus goramy) using artificial fish pellets. A completely randomized design was applied, testing four feeding rates based on fish biomass: D1 (2%), D2 (3%), D3 (4%), and D4 (5%) per day. Gouramis (3.2–3.3 g, 1.1–1.3 cm) were reared in 24 plastic containers (50×30×27 cm3) under controlled water quality conditions. The results showed that a 5% feeding rate (D4) yielded the best outcomes in absolute length (1.97 ± 0.13 cm), specific growth rate (2.78 ± 0.17% day⁻¹), feed conversion ratio (3.72 ± 0.11), feed efficiency (26.85 ± 0.30%), and survival rate (88.89%). Statistical analysis revealed that different feeding rates significantly influenced absolute length, specific growth rate, and feed conversion ratio, while feed efficiency and survival rate remained unaffected. Despite the promising growth performance at higher feeding rates, the high feed conversion ratio and low feed efficiency highlight the need for improved feed formulations. Future research should focus on optimizing corn cobs as a complementary ingredient to enhance feed efficiency, minimize waste, and contribute to sustainable aquaculture. Incorporating corn cob-based feeds could improve waste management and provide economic benefits to fish farmers.Pesatnya pertumbuhan industri akuakultur dan keterbatasan ketersediaan pakan ikan konvensional mendorong perlunya sumber pakan alternatif, terutama dalam sistem budidaya ikan intensif. Penelitian ini, yang dilaksanakan pada tanggal 15 Mei hingga 5 Juli 2017 di Bengkulu, bertujuan untuk menentukan tingkat pemberian pakan optimal bagi ikan gurami (Osphronemus gouramy) menggunakan pakan buatan ikan. Rancangan acak lengkap diterapkan dengan menguji empat tingkat pemberian pakan berdasarkan biomassa ikan: D1 (2%), D2 (3%), D3 (4%), dan D4 (5%) per hari. Ikan gurami (3,2–3,3 g, 1,1–1,3 cm) dipelihara dalam 24 wadah plastik (50×30×27 cm³) dengan kualitas air yang terkontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pemberian pakan 5% (D4) memberikan hasil terbaik dalam hal panjang mutlak (1,97 ± 0,13 cm), laju pertumbuhan spesifik (2,78 ± 0,17% hari⁻¹), rasio konversi pakan (3,72 ± 0,11), efisiensi pakan (26,85 ± 0,30%), dan tingkat kelangsungan hidup (88,89%). Analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pemberian pakan yang berbeda berpengaruh signifikan terhadap panjang mutlak, laju pertumbuhan spesifik, dan rasio konversi pakan, sedangkan efisiensi pakan dan tingkat kelangsungan hidup tidak terpengaruh. Meskipun tingkat pemberian pakan yang lebih tinggi menghasilkan pertumbuhan yang lebih baik, tingginya rasio konversi pakan dan rendahnya efisiensi pakan menunjukkan perlunya perbaikan formulasi pakan. Penelitian lebih lanjut perlu difokuskan pada optimalisasi tongkol jagung sebagai bahan tambahan pakan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi pakan, mengurangi limbah, dan mendukung kegiatan akuakultur berkelanjutan. Penggunaan pakan berbasis tongkol jagung juga dapat membantu pengelolaan limbah serta memberikan manfaat ekonomi bagi pembudidaya ikan
STUDY ON CATH HANDLING IN PURSE SEINE FISHERIES KM. BINTANG MAS AT PEKALONGAN FISHING PORT
Full text linkPekalongan National Fishing Port (PPN Pekalongan), a type B fishing port, is recognized for its well-managed facilities and serves as an operational base for purse seine vessels. Purse seines are widely employed to harvest schooling pelagic fish, most of which are species of high economic value, thus requiring appropriate handling to maintain quality. This study aims to examine the handling practices of purse seine catches on board KM. Bintang Mas Maritim, focusing on storage temperature, handling equipment, and storage duration under freezer-based systems. Data collected included fish temperature at hauling, during freezing, and after storage, as well as the handling methods and equipment used by fishermen. The initial body temperature of the fish was 29.3°C at hauling. Fish were sorted by species, size, and quality, then washed and frozen at -18°C for 24 hours. Once frozen, they were packaged and transferred to the fish hold at -13.7°C for storage. The findings highlight the importance of systematic handling, washing, rapid freezing, and controlled storage—to maintain fish quality and extend shelf life
DEVELOPMENT OF SPANISH MACKEREL ODENG PRODUCTS THROUGH THE TEACHING FACTORY OF RIAU PROVINCE FISHERIES VOCATIONAL SCHOOL: EVALUATION OF FOOD SAFETY AND STRATEGY
Full text linkThe increasing demand for high-value fishery products necessitates the development of safe and quality-processed seafood to support economic growth and vocational education. This study aims to develop Spanish mackerel fish cake (odeng) through the Teaching Factory program at the Fisheries Vocational High School of Riau Province, focusing on evaluating food safety. The odeng product was designed and produced by students as an effort to enhance practical skills while meeting local market demands. Food safety analysis included the measurement of moisture and ash content, as well as the detection of hazardous substances such as borax and synthetic dyes (rhodamine B and methanil yellow), to ensure product quality. The results showed a moisture content of 23.13% and an ash content of 2.33%, which complies with fish processed product standards. Tests for hazardous substances were negative, indicating that the product is safe for consumption and meets national food safety standards. This study highlights the potential of vocational education-based production systems in generating value-added fishery products with assured quality and safety. Further development and optimization are recommended to improve self-life and consumer acceptance. These findings offer valuable insights for the integration of education and industry in sustainable fishery product innovation
GROWTH AND SURVIVAL RATE OF DOMESTICATED JIELABU FISH (Betta dennisyongi Tan, 2013) REARED WITH DIFFERENT STOCKING DENSITIES
Full text linkBetta dennisyongi, locally known as Jielabu fish, is an endemic ornamental species originating from southwest Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, Indonesia. The fish currently faces increasing exploitation and habitat degradation which raise conservation concerns and emphasize the need for domestication efforts. This study aimed to determine an appropriate stocking density for the early culture of B. dennisyongi. The research was conducted from October to December 2023 using a completely randomized design with four stocking densities (1, 2, 3, and 4 fish L⁻¹) with three replications. Juvenile fish collected from the wild were acclimated and reared for 60 days in 10-L aquaria. Biological parameters measured included survival, specific growth rate, length gain, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and feed efficiency, while water quality was monitored periodically. Stocking density significantly affected survival rate and growth (p < 0.05) of B. dennisyongi, with the lowest density (1 fish L⁻¹) producing the most favorable performance, while densities of 3–4 fish L⁻¹ resulted in reduced outcomes. Feed conversion ratio and feed efficiency did not differ significantly among treatments (p > 0.05). All measured water quality parameters remained within acceptable ranges for Betta fish culture. Overall, the study indicates that lower stocking densities support better biological responses, and that 1 fish L⁻¹ is the most suitable for cultivation, while 2 fish L⁻¹ may serve as an acceptable alternative for practical application. These findings provide a foundation for developing effective domestication protocols and support conservation-oriented aquaculture of this vulnerable endemic species. Betta dennisyongi, yang dikenal secara lokal sebagai ikan Jielabu, merupakan spesies ikan hias endemik dari wilayah barat daya Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, Indonesia. Peningkatan pemanfaatan dan degradasi habitatnya telah menimbulkan kekhawatiran dalam kegiatan konservasi dan menekankan perlunya upaya domestikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan padat tebar yang sesuai untuk pemeliharaan awal B. dennisyongi. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Oktober hingga Desember 2023 menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan empat padat tebar (1, 2, 3, dan 4 ekor L⁻¹) masing-masing dengan tiga ulangan. Benih ikan yang dikumpulkan dari alam diaklimatisasi dan dipelihara selama 60 hari dalam akuarium berkapasitas 10 L. Parameter biologis yang diukur meliputi kelangsungan hidup, laju pertumbuhan spesifik, pertambahan panjang, pertambahan bobot, rasio konversi pakan, dan efisiensi pakan, sedangkan kualitas air dipantau secara berkala. Padat tebar berpengaruh nyata terhadap kelangsungan hidup dan pertumbuhan (p < 0.05) B. dennisyongi, di mana padat tebar terendah (1 ekor L⁻¹) memberikan performa terbaik, sedangkan padat tebar 3–4 ekor L⁻¹ menghasilkan performa yang lebih rendah. Rasio konversi pakan dan efisiensi pakan tidak berbeda nyata antarperlakuan (p > 0.05). Seluruh parameter kualitas air berada dalam kisaran yang sesuai untuk budidaya Betta fish. Secara keseluruhan, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa padat tebar rendah mendukung respons biologis yang lebih baik, dan 1 ekor L⁻¹ merupakan padat tebar yang paling sesuai, sementara 2 ekor L⁻¹ masih dapat diaplikasikan. Temuan ini menjadi dasar bagi pengembangan protokol domestikasi yang efektif dan mendukung budidaya yang berorientasi pada konservasi bagi spesies endemik rentan ini
ENHANCING PROTEIN UTILIZATION AND GROWTH PERFORMANCE IN STRIPED CATFISH WITH CINNAMALDEHYDE AND OPTIMIZED ENERGY-TO-PROTEIN RATIOS
Full text linkEfficient dietary protein utilization is essential to reduce feed costs and environmental impacts in sustainable aquaculture. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of cinnamaldehyde (CA) supplementation in feed with various energy-to-protein (E:P) ratios on the chemical composition of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. The five feed formulas that made up the treatment feed were as follows: 28:13-C0 (28 % Protein with an E:P ratio of 13 and CIN 0 g kg-1); 25:14-C1 (25 % protein with an E:P ratio of 14 and CIN 1.2 g kg-1); 25:14-C2 (25 % protein with an E:P ratio of 14 and CIN 1.7 g kg-1); 25:15-C1 (25 % protein with an E:P ratio of 15 and CIN 1.2 g kg-1); and 25:15-C2 (25 % Protein with an E:P ratio of 15 and CIN 1.7 g kg-1). Striped catfish weighing 28.06 ± 0.19 g were placed in a hapa (2 × 1 × 1 m3) at a density of 25 fish per cage. Fish were fed to apparent satiation three times daily for 60 d. The 25:14-C2, 25:15-C1, and 25:15-C2 diets increased albumin levels and reduced cholesterol, while 25:15-C2 also yielded the highest total protein and lowest triglyceride levels. Growth performance and feed efficiency were comparable among 28:13-C0, 25:14-C2, 25:15-C1, and 25:15-C2 (final weight: 141.62–143.75 g; FCR: 1.16–1.19). Protein efficiency ratio was highest in 25:15-C1 and 25:15-C2, whereas protein retention peaked in 25:14-C2. The hepatosomatic index was elevated in 25:14-C1, 25:14-C2, and 25:15-C1. Body lipid content was highest in 25:15-C1, while muscle lipid content was lowest in 25:14-C2 and 25:15-C1. Reducing dietary protein from 28 % to 25 % did not compromise growth performance at the E:P ratio level of 15 with a supplementation of 1.2 g kg-1 CIN
STATUS KEBERLANJUTAN USAHA PERIKANAN TUNA MADIDIHANG BERBASIS BIOLOGI DAN EKONOMI DI PANGKALAN PENDARATAN IKAN DUFA-DUFA KOTA TERNATE
Full text linkFishermen at the Dufa-Dufa fish landing base, Ternate City, exploit yellowfin tuna using pole and line and FADs. Huhate is a fishing gear in the surface layer, so the yellowfin tuna that is caught is the yellowfin tuna that appears on the surface for the purpose of eating. In general, yellowfin tuna that gather on the surface of the water are classified as young fish. Therefore, yellowfin tuna caught around FADs tend to be young fish. This phenomenon causes the emergence of a problem, namely the dominance of young fish caught, besides that the yellowfin tuna fishery is an activity of exploiting fish resources with the aim of obtaining continuous profits. The aim of this research is to analyze biological aspects which include fork length structure and size of yellowfin tuna worth catching, analyze economic aspects which include profit analysis, net benefit cost ratio, internal rate of return, break even point, and payback period and analyze the status of the fishing business. sustainable yellowfin tuna. The research was carried out at the Dufa-Dufa fish landing base in Ternate City for 7 months, namely July 2022 - January 2023. The research method used was a survey method. The yellowfin tuna fishery business in the research location is dominated by the size not yet fit to catch, which is 100%. Financially and investment, the yellowfin tuna fishery business in the research location is feasible throughout the year. The yellowfin tuna fishery business based on the biological aspect has a low level of sustainability. Furthermore, based on the economic aspect (financial and investment criteria) the yellowfin tuna fishery business has high sustainability
PROFIL DAN PRODUKTIVITAS KAPAL RAWAI LAYUR DI PELABUHAN PERIKANAN NUSANTARA (PPN) PALABUHANRATU JAWA BARAT
Full text linkRawai layur merupakan alat tangkap dominan dalam menangkap ikan layur di PPN Palabuhanratu yang merupakan salah satu komoditas ekspor andalan. Jumlahnya berfluktuasi setiap tahun menyebabkan produksi ikan tidak menentu dan memengaruhi produktivitasnya. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret di Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara (PPN) Palabuhanratu, Kabupaten Sukabumi, Jawa Barat. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mendeskripsikan unit penangkapan, mengidentifikasi jenis dan menghitung jumlah hasil tangkapan, mengidentifikasi daerah penangkapan ikan serta menghitung nilai produktivitas kapal dan alat tangkap rawai layur di PPN Palabuhanratu. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui observasi dan wawancara kepada 24 orang responden nelayan aktif dari kapal yang berbeda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kapal rawai layur adalah kapal motor tempel bercadik berkapasitas 2 GT, sedangkan alat tangkap berupa rawai dasar yang dioperasikan di kedalaman sekitar 60 meter dengan menggunakan umpan ikan tembang segar dan layur beku. Metode pengoperasiannya terdiri atas empat tahap yaitu persiapan, setting, soaking, dan hauling. Daerah penangkapan di perairan Ujung Genteng hingga Ujung Kulon. Hasil tangkapan utama adalah ikan layur dan hasil tangkapan sampingan di antaranya ikan tongkol pisang cerutu, layang anggur, cucut tikus/cucut monyet, swanggi, dan lain-lain. Nilai produktivitas kapal terindikasi rendah karena berada di bawah standar KEPMEN-KP No.98 Tahun 2021 dengan rata-rata 0,33 ton/GT/tahun, sedangkan nilai produktivitas alat tangkap rawai layur berada pada rata-rata 0,04 ton/trip. Temuan ini mengindikasikan perlunya evaluasi dan strategi pengelolaan yang lebih baik untuk meningkatkan efektivitas dan efisiensi perikanan rawai layur di PPN Palabuhanratu