4441 research outputs found
Sort by
Colorectal cancer prediction via applying recursive cluster elimination with ıntra-cluster feature elimination on metagenomic pathway data
No full textAdvances in next-generation sequencing and in “-omics” technologies enable the characterization of the human gut microbiome. Colorectal cancer (CRC), the third most common cancer worldwide, is caused by genetic mutations, environmental influences, and abnormalities in the gut microbiota. The aim of this study is to identify pathways that influence host metabolism in CRC patients. The CRC-related metagenomic dataset used in this study contains the relative abundance values of 551 pathways calculated for 1262 samples. Here, two different approaches based on the feature grouping reduce the number of features by considering relevant features as groups, eliminate irrelevant features, and perform classification. The recursive cluster elimination with intra-cluster feature elimination (RCE-IFE) approach achieves an AUC of 0.72 using an average of 66.2 features on CRC-associated metagenomics dataset. In these experiments, P163-PWY: L-lysine fermentation to acetate and butanoate and PWY-6151: S-adenosyl-L-methionine cycle I pathways are identified as potential biomarkers associated with CRC. These experiments also reduce the number of features reported by both approaches in P163-PWY: L-lysine fermentation to acetate and butanoate and PWY-6151: Sadenosyl-L-methionine cycle I pathways reported by both approaches are considered possible CRC-related biomarkers. This study contributes to the molecular diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer by revealing the pathways associated with CRC. Our results are promising for the study of the gut microbiota and its role in CRC. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024
The efficacy of the cognitive exercise therapy approach by telerehabilitation in people living with HIV: Preliminary results
No full textObjective: The Cognitive Exercise Therapy Approach, referred to as BETY, is a biopsychosocial model that has demonstrated effectiveness in improving the quality of life among various patient populations with chronic diseases. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of BETY combined with telerehabilitation for people living with HIV (PLWH). Materials and Methods: Fifty PLWH who were virologically suppressed receiving follow-up and treatment at Şanlıurfa Training and Research Hospital were included in this study. Patients were divided into the telerehabilitation group (TG) and the control group (CG). In addition to routine treatments, the TG underwent group rehabilitation exercises via Zoom application for 60 minutes three times a week for 12 weeks (a total of 36 sessions) under the supervision of a physiotherapist, following the principles of BETY. The CG received no intervention and continued with routine medication treatments. Before and after the exercise therapy, the BETY Scale (BETY-BQ), Short Form-36 (SF-36), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Clinical Frailty Scale, and Frail Scale were administered to both the TG and the CG. The responses to the scales were compared between the two groups after the 12-week period. Results: The preliminary results included data from 10 patients in the TG and 15 patients in the the CG who completed the 12-week treatment. In the TG, significant differences were observed in the SF-36 pain subscale and the BETY total score, while in the CG, significant differences were found in the SF-36 emotional role functioning and vitality subscales (p<0.05). In the TG, negative values were observed in all BETY-BQ subscales, indicating improvement in all parameters. Additionally, the mean value of the SF-36 pain subscale increased from 79 before treatment to 91.5 after treatment. Conclusion: Our preliminary results indicate that the BETY method applied by telerehbilitation may be effective in reducing pain and improving biopsychosocial conditions in PLWH. Telerehabilitation with cognitive exercise therapy can provide an alternative treatment option by complementing routine therapies and offering the opportunity to participate anonymously in group therapies in PLWH
Counter-terrorism in the age of hard power: reassessing Turkey's policy against the PKK
No full textTurkish counterterrorism efforts against the PKK have fluctuated between hard and soft policies over the years. However, since 2015, there has been a notable shift toward the predominant use of hard power. This study aims to uncover the underlying causes of the current policy by examining the instruments utilized in its counterterrorism trajectory. Employing an eclectic approach, the research incorporates public policy analysis into the formulation and evolution of counterterrorism policy, considering various analytical levels: individual, organizational, state, and international. While security concerns that emanated from the PKK have played a central role, factors such as the pursuit of strategic autonomy in foreign policy, changes in the global system, and regional dynamics have also significantly influenced the development of this new policy. Additionally, the professionalization of security forces, the growth of the defence industry, domestic political considerations, and challenges in defining the core issues have all contributed to the implementation of the current hard-line approach
Rotator kılıf yırtığı olan hastalarda kor stabilizasyon egzersizlerinin vücut işlevleri, aktivite ve katılıma etkisinin araştırılması
Get PDFBu çalışma, rotator kılıf yırtığı tanılı hastalarda konservatif tedaviye (KT) ek olarak uygulanan kor stabilizasyon (KS) egzersizlerinin hastaların vücut işlevleri, aktivite ve katılım düzeyi üzerine etkisini araştırmak üzere planlandı. Çalışmamıza rotator kılıf yırtığı tanılı 36 hasta dahil edildi. Katılımcılar randomize kontrollü şekilde iki gruba ayrıldı. Gruplardan birine (n=18, yaş ort=55,33±10,05) yalnızca KT uygulanırken diğer gruba ise (n=18, yaş ort=54,27±8,59) KT+KS uygulandı. Uygulama, haftada 3 gün olmak üzere toplam 6 haftada tamamlandı. Hastaların vücut işlevlerini değerlendirmek için McGill Ağrı Ölçeği Kısa Formu (McGill-SF), Pittsburgh Uyku Kalite İndeksi (PUKİ), ve Lazer İmleçli Açı Tekrarlama Testi (Lİ-ATT) kullanıldı. Aktivite ve katılım düzeylerini değerlendirmek için de Kol, Omuz ve El Sorunları Anketi (DASH), Hastaya Özgü Fonksiyonel Skala (HÖFS) ve Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Ölçeği (WORC) kullanıldı. İlgili ölçüm araçları müdahale öncesi ve sonrasında tekrarlanarak karşılaştırmalar yapıldı. Grup içi analiz sonuçları, her iki grupta uygulanan tedavi programının ağrı (McGill-SF), propriyosepsiyon (Lİ-ATT fleksiyon ve abdüksiyon), omuz fonksiyonelliği (HÖFS ve DASH) ve yaşam kalitesi (WORC) parametreleri üzerinde etkili olduğunu gösterdi (p<0,05). Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre etkililik karşılaştırması yapıldığında, gruplar arası karşılaştırma sonuçları KT+KS grubunda ağrı, hastaya özgü omuz fonksiyonelliği ve yaşam kalitesi üzerinde daha fazla etkili sonuçlar elde edildiğini, dolayısıyla daha etkili müdahale kazanımı olduğunu gösterdi (p<0,05). Çalışma sonuçlarına göre omuz müdahalesine kor stabilizasyon egzersizlerinin dahil edilmesinin faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir.This study was planned to investigate the effect of core stabilization (CS) exercises applied in addition to conservative treatment (CT) on body functions, activity, and participation levels of patients with rotator cuff tear. The study included 36 patients with rotator cuff tear. One group (n=18, mean age=55.33±10.05 years) received only CT while the other group (n=18, mean age=54.27±8.59 years) received CT+CS. The intervention was completed in a total of 6 weeks, 3 days/a week. The McGill Pain Questionnaire Short Form (McGill-SF), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Laser-Pointer Assisted Angle Reproduction Test (LP-ART) were used to evaluate the body functions of the patients. The Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand Questionnaire (DASH), Patient Specific Functional Scale (PSFS), and Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index (WORC) were used to evaluate the activity and participation levels. All measuring tools were repeated before and after the intervention. The results of the within-group analysis showed that the treatment program applied in both groups was effective on pain (McGill-SF), proprioception (LP-ART flexion and abduction), shoulder functionality (PSFS and DASH) and quality of life (WORC) parameters (p<0.05). Between-group comparisons showed that more effective results were obtained on pain, patient-specific shoulder functionality, and quality of life in the CT+CS group (p<0.05). When the effectiveness comparison was made according to the results obtained from the study, the between-group comparison results showed that more effective results were obtained on pain, patient-specific shoulder functionality, and quality of life in the CT + CS group, and therefore there was a more effective intervention gain (p < 0.05). According to the results, it is thought that it would be beneficial to include CS exercises in shoulder intervention
The relations of social support and well-being in mothers of children with special needs during the covıd-19 pandemic: The mediating role of caregiving burden
No full textThis study explores the relationship between social support and well-being in mothers of children with special needs during the COVID-19 pandemic with a specific focus on the mediating role of caregiving burden. The research investigates the challenges faced by families with special needs children, particularly mothers, due to the pandemic-related closure of schools and rehabilitation centers. The closure has intensified the caregiving burden on mothers, requiring full-time support for their children at home. Existing literature suggests a significant impact on the psychological well-being of families with special needs children, emphasizing the need for attention to this vulnerable group during the pandemic. The study formulates hypotheses related to the negative correlation between family support and caregiving burden, the negative correlation between caregiving burden and psychological well-being, and the positive correlation between family support and psychological well-being. Additionally, it hypothesizes that caregiving burden mediates the relationship between family support and psychological well-being. Using a relational research approach, the study employs a quantitative method to analyze data collected from 321 participants. The demographic information of the participants, including age, working condition, marital status, and the type of disability of their children, is presented. Data collection instruments include a Sociodemographic Information Form, Family Support Scale, Caregiving Burden Scale, and Psychological Well-being Scale. Results indicated a positive relationship between family support and psychological well-being, as well as a negative relationship between caregiving burden and psychological well-being. The mediation analysis confirmed that caregiving burden significantly partially mediates the relationship between family support and psychological well-being. The findings highlighted the crucial role of family support in enhancing the psychological well-being of mothers with special needs children. Additionally, the study emphasized the negative impact of increased caregiving burden on psychological well-being. These results contribute to the understanding of the challenges faced by families with special needs children during the COVID-19 pandemic and underscore the importance of targeted interventions to support this vulnerable group. Future research may explore strategies to involve fathers in the caregiving process and further enhance maternal mental health. © 2024 Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Association. All rights reserved
Artificial hybrid neural network-based simultaneous scheme for solving nonlinear equations: Applications in engineering
No full textA novel three-step simultaneous scheme for finding all distinct and multiple roots of non-linear equations are developed in this paper. Analysis of convergence demonstrates that the newly created scheme has an order of convergence of eight. A hybrid neural network-based simultaneous technique is also developed to expedite convergence. Neural network-based approaches outperform existing methods in terms of iterations, error, and CPU time, as demonstrated by the engineering applications’ results. The analysis of the considered approaches on random starting approximations reveals that the newly proposed methods are more stable and consistent than previous methods. © 2024 Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria Universit
Effectiveness of yoga and laughter yoga in improving psychological resilience of mothers with babies hospitalized in neonatal intensive care unit
No full textThis randomized controlled study aimed to determine the effectiveness of yoga and laughter yoga approaches in enhancing psychological resilience of mothers with babies hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit. The Mothers were randomized into three groups as yoga, laughter yoga, and control groups. The mothers received a total of 10 yoga/laughter yoga sessions for 45 minutes twice a week as home-based exercises. Depression, anxiety, stress, and psychological resilience outcomes were evaluated at baseline and after 5th and 10th sessions. The study was completed with 60 mothers including 20 mothers in the yoga group, 19 mothers in the laughter yoga group, and 21 mothers in the control group. There were statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of depression, anxiety, stress, and psychological resilience after 5th and 10th sessions. Yoga and laughter yoga was effective for increasing psychological resilience and alleviating depression, anxiety, stress. © The Author(s) 2024
Effectiveness of the transitional care model in total knee arthroplasty patients: A randomized controlled trial
Get PDFAim: This study has aimed to assess the effectiveness of the transitional care model (TCM) on functional status, perceived self-efficacy and healthcare utilization in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Method: This randomized controlled study was conducted between February and November 2021 in a public hospital. The study randomly assigned patients to either a 6-week ‘TCM’ program or usual care. The sample size was n = 70, with each group comprising 35 individuals. Patient outcomes, including self-efficacy, functional status and healthcare service readmission rates, were monitored for TKA patients. Results: Nursing care based on the ‘TCM’ was found to enhance functional status and increase the level of self-efficacy among TKA patients, leading to a decrease in healthcare service readmissions. Conclusions: The study recommends preparing patients and their families for the preoperative and postoperative processes. It emphasizes the importance of providing necessary training and consultancy services under the leadership of orthopaedic nurses responsible for TKA patient care, guided by the principles of TCM. © 2024 The Author(s). International Journal of Nursing Practice published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd
Vergi türleri ile gelir dağılımı ilişkisi: Ekonometrik bir analiz
Get PDFKamu harcamalarının finansmanında önemli bir paya sahip olan vergiler, 1929 Büyük Buhran'a kadar sadece kamu geliri niteliğine sahip iken, 1929 yılından sonra devletin ekonomiye müdahalede etkin olarak kullandığı maliye politikası aracına dönüşmüştür. Zamanla vergilere yüklenen görevler artmış; vergiler mali, ekonomik ve sosyal hedefleri gerçekleştirmede önemli bir iktisadi unsur haline gelmiştir. Gelir dağılımı eşitsizliği, 1990'lı yıllardan itibaren dünya genelinde artış göstermiş ve küresel bir sorun haline gelmiştir. Gelir dağılımındaki eşitsizliği gidermek ve gelirin yeniden dağılımını sağlamak vergilerin en önemli sosyal hedeflerinden birisi olmuştur. Bu bağlamda çalışmada, tüm ülke ekonomilerini ilgilendiren bir sorun haline gelen ve karar alıcıların üzerinde en çok durduğu, en çok çözüm aradığı konulardan birisi olan gelir dağılımı konusu ele alınmış ve vergi türleri ile gelir dağılımı arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Dolayısıyla bu araştırmanın amacı, 2000-2019 yılları arasındaki dönemde içinde gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerin yer aldığı farklı ülke gruplarında vergi türleri ile gelir dağılımı ilişkisini analiz etmektir. Phillips ve Sul (2007) kulüp yakınsama analiz yönteminin kullanıldığı çalışmanın ilk aşamasında, seçilen 50 ülke için mal ve hizmet, gelir ve dış ticaret üzerinden alınan vergilerin toplam vergi gelirleri içindeki payları ve Gini katsayısı verileri kullanılarak ülkelerin yakınsama dereceleri incelenmiştir. Ampirik analizin ikinci aşamasında ise kulüp yakınsama analiz yöntemi kullanılarak elde edilen birinci, ikinci ve üçüncü kulüp ülkelerinde 2000-2019 döneminde vergi türleri ile gelir dağılımı arasındaki ilişki, panel veri analiz yöntemiyle incelenmiş ve söz konusu yöntemde yatay kesit bağımlılığı testi, eğim homojenite testi, CİPS birim kök testi, PMG_ ARDL tahmincisi ve Dumitrescu- Hurlin nedensellik testi uygulanmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen bulgulara göre, birinci, ikinci ve üçüncü kulüp ülkelerinde uzun dönemde vergi gelirlerinde meydana gelen artış, Gini katsayısını negatif ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı yönde etkilemektedir. Ayrıca kontrol değişken olarak modele dahil edilen enflasyon oranlarındaki artış, birinci, ikinci ve üçüncü kulüp ülkelerinde Gini katsayısını pozitif ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı yönde etkilemektedir.While taxes, which have a significant share in the financing of public expenditures, were only public revenues until the Great Depression of 1929, after 1929 they turned into a fiscal policy tool that the state effectively used to intervene in the economy. Over time, the duties imposed on taxes increased; Taxes have become an important economic element in achieving financial, economic and social goals. Income inequality has increased worldwide since the 1990s and has become a global problem. Eliminating inequality in income distribution and ensuring income redistribution has been one of the most important social goals of taxes. In this context, in the study, the issue of the income distribution, which has become a problem that concerns all countries' economies and is one of the issues that decision-makers focus on and seek solutions to the most, is discussed and the relationship between tax types and income distribution is examined. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the relationship between tax types and income distribution in different country groups, including developed and developing countries, in the period between 2000 and 2019. In the first stage of the study, in which Phillips and Sul (2007) club convergence analysis method was used, the shares of taxes on goods and services, income and foreign trade in total tax revenues for 50 selected countries and the degree of convergence of the countries were examined using Gini coefficient data. In the second stage of the empirical analysis, the relationship between tax types and income distribution in the 2000-2019 period in the first, second and third club countries, obtained using the club convergence analysis method, was examined with the panel data analysis method and in the said method, cross-section dependence test, slope homogeneity test, CIPS unit root test, PMG_ ARDL estimator and Dumitrescu-Hurlin causality test were applied. According to the study's findings, the increase in tax revenues in the first, second and third club countries in the long term affects the Gini coefficient negatively and statistically significantly. In addition, the increase in inflation rates included in the model as a control variable affects the Gini coefficient positively and statistically significantly in the first, second and third club countries
The impacts of World Governance Index on Global Peace Index between 2008 and 2022
No full textPurpose: While many factors contribute to peace, economic and governmental factors are considered essential litmus tests for determining peace levels. This study aims to examine the impacts of World Governance Index (WGI) variables on the Global Peace Index (GPI) which ranges from 0 (very high) to 5 (very low). Design/methodology/approach: The GPI serves as a key indicator of peace levels. Valid data from two databases covering 161 countries from 2008 to 2022 were collected and analyzed by using a logarithmic panel data regression model. This approach ensures robust results, particularly when endogenous and exogenous variables have different measurement units. Findings: According to the Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS) estimators, five WGI components exhibit inverse relationships with the GPI (increasing WGI components leads to a decline in GPI, indicating an enhancement in peace quality). The most significant factor influencing peace is “Political Stability and Absence of Violence/Terrorism”, while the effects of “Voice and Accountability” and “Control of Corruption” are also noted. Originality/value: Extant studies have largely overlooked the interaction between governance and peace, often relying on regional data (with neighboring countries) or case studies on local solutions. This paper, based on data from 161 countries, evaluates governance quality and its dimensions in relation to peace conditions on a global scale, providing more generalizable results for policymakers and scholars. © 2024, Ahmet Keser, Oğuzhan Pehlivan and Yunus Gokmen