4441 research outputs found
Sort by
The police force role at national strategy for agro terrorism response: An empirical review
No full textAgro-terrorism is not a new threat among terrorist activities but one which was not stressed adequately in many countries. Agro terrorism is an assault-type used in WW-I, which is, in its true meaning, to infect the animals and crops intentionally with disease aiming to interrupt economic stability, causing panic and fear in the public. For this purpose, it is necessary to increase safety precautions, define critical situations for agro assaults, apply risk reduction strategies, and increase inter-organization cooperation. It is also essential to show a proactive approach in police activities, establish first responder teams for the high-risk zones, and include agriculture engineers, veterinarians, police force, and crime scene investigators. In short, agro assaults are real and can show themselves abruptly. The important thing here is to transfer this reality into an acceptable risk by protective measurements, inter-organization cooperation, and technical intelligence
Are Institutions, Innovation, and Education the Key to Sustainable Growth in G20 Economies?
Full text linkThis study aims to examine the fundamental determinants of economic growth in G20 countries in the context of institutional structure, innovation, and education. The significance of the research lies in revealing that sustainable economic growth is shaped not only by traditional macroeconomic factors but also by the effectiveness of institutions, innovation capacity, and human capital investments. The existing literature contains limited studies that comprehensively address the interactions between these three variables and economic growth, specifically in G20 countries. The study applies panel data analysis to G20 countries for the period 2005–2024 and performs panel Granger causality analysis using fixed and random effects models after horizontal section dependence, unit root, and cointegration tests. Empirical findings show that institutions, innovation, and education variables have significant and positive effects on economic growth. Granger causality test results reveal that these variables unidirectionally drive growth, while growth has no feedback effect on these factors. The findings indicate that strengthening institutional reforms, encouraging R&D and innovation investments, and increasing human capital capacity are critical for sustainable and high-quality economic growth for policymakers
The nuclear race in the Middle East: A neoclassical realist analysis of the Iranian case
Full text linkThis research examines the nuclear race in the Middle East, focusing on Iran as a case study to explore how both internal and regional dynamics shape its nuclear ambitions. Employing Neoclassical Realism as the guiding framework, this study delves into the interplay of systemic pressures—such as regional rivalries, security threats, and economic sanctions and domestic influences, including political ideology and national identity. By integrating these dimensions, the study seeks to offer a comprehensive understanding of Iran's nuclear strategy, which is driven by a complex blend of external constraints and internal motivations. Utilizing a qualitative methodology, this research combines an extensive literature review with an in-depth case study analysis, emphasizing Iran's historical context, strategic motivations, and the regional security dynamics that inform its nuclear pursuits. Key findings indicate that Iran's nuclear ambitions are not merely a reaction to immediate threats but are deeply rooted in longstanding security concerns, regional power imbalances, and domestic political imperatives. The study also assesses the effectiveness of international diplomatic initiatives, such as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), to illuminate both their strengths and limitations in addressing Iran's nuclear objective. This research contributes to the fields of International Relations and Security Studies by clarifying the strategic rationale underlying Iran's nuclear development. Through a detailed examination of systemic and domestic influences, the study not only enhances theoretical perspectives on state behavior under Neoclassical Realism but also provides practical insights for policymakers. These insights are crucial for crafting more effective non-proliferation strategies and diplomatic efforts that address the broader implications of Iran's nuclear trajectory for regional stability and global security. In doing so, this research opens pathways for addressing the challenges of nuclear proliferation in the Middle East, with recommendations for confidence-building measures, diplomatic engagement, and strengthened non-proliferation frameworks to mitigate future risks.Bu araştırma, Orta Doğu'daki nükleer yarışı inceleyerek, İran'ı bir vaka çalışması olarak ele alıp, nükleer emellerini şekillendiren hem iç hem de bölgesel dinamikleri araştırmaktadır. Çalışma, kılavuz çerçeve olarak Neoklasik Realizm'i kullanarak, bölgesel rekabetler, güvenlik tehditleri ve ekonomik yaptırımlar gibi sistemik baskılar ile siyasi ideoloji ve ulusal kimlik gibi içsel etkilerin etkileşimini derinlemesine incelemektedir. Bu boyutları bir araya getirerek, çalışma, İran'ın nükleer stratejisinin, dış kısıtlamalar ve içsel motivasyonların karmaşık bir karışımı tarafından yönlendirildiğini kapsamlı bir şekilde anlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Nitel metodolojiyi benimseyen bu araştırma, geniş kapsamlı bir literatür taramasını derinlemesine vaka analiziyle birleştirerek, İran'ın tarihsel bağlamını, stratejik motivasyonlarını ve nükleer girişimlerini şekillendiren bölgesel güvenlik dinamiklerini vurgulamaktadır. Önemli bulgular, İran'ın nükleer hedeflerinin yalnızca ani tehditlere bir tepki olmadığını, uzun süredir devam eden güvenlik endişeleri, bölgesel güç dengesizlikleri ve iç siyasi zorunluluklara derinden kök saldığını ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışma ayrıca, İran'ın nükleer hedeflerini ele almak için uluslararası diplomatik girişimlerin, özellikle Kapsamlı Ortak Eylem Planı'nın (JCPOA), hem güçlü hem de zayıf yönlerini değerlendirmektedir. Bu araştırma, İran'ın nükleer gelişiminin ardındaki stratejik mantığı netleştirerek Uluslararası İlişkiler ve Güvenlik Çalışmaları alanlarına katkıda bulunmaktadır. Sistemik ve içsel etkilerin ayrıntılı bir şekilde incelenmesi yoluyla, çalışma yalnızca Neoklasik Realizm çerçevesinde devlet davranışına yönelik teorik perspektifleri geliştirmekle kalmamakta, aynı zamanda politika yapıcılar için pratik içgörüler de sunmaktadır. Bu içgörüler, İran'ın nükleer rotasının bölgesel istikrar ve küresel güvenlik üzerindeki geniş etkilerini ele alan daha etkili nükleer silahsızlanma stratejileri ve diplomatik çabalar geliştirmek için kritik öneme sahiptir. Bu bağlamda, araştırma, Orta Doğu'da nükleer yayılma sorunlarını ele almak için yollar açmakta ve gelecekteki riskleri azaltmak amacıyla güven artırıcı önlemler, diplomatik angajman ve güçlendirilmiş nükleer silahsızlanma çerçeveleri için öneriler sunmaktadır
An Approach to Identifying Factors Affecting Residential Energy Consumption at the Urban Block Scale: A Case Study of Gaziantep
Full text linkPrevious studies on building energy performance have focused on single buildings or theoretical scenarios, remaining largely at the building scale and emphasizing envelope parameters. This study addresses this gap by systematically examining morphological parameters at the urban block scale through a five-step framework derived from the historical zoning evolution of Gaziantep (Turkiye), a city in a hot–dry climate. Four representative neighborhoods, reflecting different planning periods, were modeled in DesignBuilder v6.1 under a standardized envelope defined by national regulations. The analysis considered building orientation (15° vs. 45°), number of storeys (5–15), inter-building distance, and number of apartments per floor. Simulation results indicate that cooling energy demand is significantly higher than heating, with potential savings of up to 22% in total energy consumption depending on urban fabric parameters. The Alleben neighborhood, characterized by the oldest planned fabric, consumed 30% less cooling energy compared to the other regions. Orientation alone increased cooling demand by up to 12%. At the same time, compact urban forms reduced loads through mutual shading, while higher apartments per floor increased energy use due to the larger façade area and internal gains. By linking historical zoning evolution with block-scale simulations, this study provides a transferable framework that highlights the decisive role of planning parameters and offers practical guidance for climate-sensitive urban development. © 2025 by the authors
Gıdalardan famoksadon tespiti için yeni bir moleküler baskılı SPR sensörü geliştirilmesi
Full text linkBu araştırmada, bir fungisit olarak Famoksadon (FAM) için yeni moleküler baskılı yüzey plazmon rezonans (SPR) sensörü hazırlanmıştır. Biyosensörler, gıda analizinde süper hızlı, tahribatsız ve uygun maliyetli algılama sunarak otomatik bir teknoloji sağlamaktadırlar. SPR (Surface Plasmon Resonance) biyosensörü, çok yönlülüğü ile bilinen gıda testi ve analizinde daha geniş uygulamalara sahip bir optik biyosensördür. Çalışmadaki amaç, bu sensörü yüksek geri kazanıma sahip domates numunelerindeki Famoksadon (FAM) fungisitinin kantitatif analizi için kullanmaktır. İlk olarak FAM-MAGA kompleksi PBS (pH 6,0) varlığında hazırlandıktan sonra AIBN-HEMA-EGDMA çözeltisine (1,5 mL) eklenmiştir. UV polimerizasyonu kullanılarak FAM baskılı SPR yongası oluşturulmuştur. (MIP/SPR). Geliştirilen sensör yüzeyleri fourier dönüşümlü kızılötesi spektroskopisi (FTIR) ve atomik kuvvet mikroskobu (AFM) kullanılarak karakterize edilmiştir. Analitik sonuçlar, domates örneklerinde SPR sinyallerinin 1,0 – 10,0 ng L⁻¹ FAM arasında doğrusallığa sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kantifikasyon sınırı (LOQ) ve LOD değerleri sırasıyla 1,0 ng L⁻¹ ve 0,30 ng L⁻¹ olarak hesaplanmıştır. Neticede, geliştirilen SPR tabanlı sensör platformu, yüksek seçicilik, tekrarlanabilirlik, yeniden üretilebilirlik ve yapısal stabilite gibi kritik analitik parametreler açısından üstün performans sergilemiştir. Bu özellikleriyle sensör, küresel düzeyde gıda güvenliğinin izlenmesine yönelik stratejik uygulamalarda etkin bir analitik araç olarak değerlendirilme potansiyeline sahiptir.In this study, a novel molecularly imprinted surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor was developed for the detection of Famoxadone (FAM), a fungicide. Biosensors offer a rapid, non-destructive, and cost-effective technology for food analysis by enabling automatic detection. SPR (Surface Plasmon Resonance) biosensors are widely used in food testing and analysis due to their high sensitivity and broad application range. The aim of this study is to utilize this sensor for the quantitative analysis of Famoxadone (FAM) in tomato samples, which is known as a fungicide with high sensitivity and signal acquisition. Initially, the FAM-MAGA complex was prepared in PBS (pH 6.0) and AIBN-HEMA-EGDMA solution (1.5 mL) was added. The SPR chip imprinted with FAM was then fabricated using UV polymerization (MIP/SPR). The sensor surfaces were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Analytical results showed that SPR signals in tomato samples were linear in the range of 1.0–10.0 ng L⁻¹ for FAM, with a strong correlation. The limit of quantification (LOQ) and limit of detection (LOD) values were calculated as 1.0 ng L⁻¹ and 0.30 ng L⁻¹, respectively. Consequently, the developed SPR-based sensor platform demonstrated high selectivity, repeatability, reusability, and structural stability, exhibiting superior performance in terms of critical analytical parameters. With these features, the sensor has the potential to serve as an effective analytical tool in strategies aimed at monitoring food safety at a global level
The development of a digital educational game design training in teacher education: A design-based research
No full textThis design-based research study aimed to develop and refine a digital educational game development training framework for pre-service teachers. Following established instructional design models, the curriculum was designed to equip pre-service teachers with key competencies in pedagogy, scenario, game design, and technical skills. In the first iteration, challenges related to the delayed introduction of technical training were identified, particularly for participants with limited technical skills. This was addressed in the second iteration by integrating blog-based programming language training earlier in the process, allowing pre-service teachers to create more advanced game prototypes. The results demonstrated significant improvement in pre-service teachers' digital educational game development self-efficacy scores, as shown by higher mean scores in the second iteration. Participants expressed positive feedback on the revised course structure, noting that the earlier integration of technical skills enhanced their ability to design and develop digital educational games. © 2025 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing
The effect of mother-baby yoga on mother's depression-anxiety-stress levels, perception of fragile baby, and maternal bonding: A randomized controlled trial
Full text linkPurpose: The study was conducted to examine the effects of mother–baby yoga applied to infants discharged from the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) and their mothers on mothers' depression, anxiety, stress levels, perceptions of fragile infants, and mother–infant attachment. Design and methods: This study was conducted as an interventional randomized controlled trial, with a mother–baby yoga group (n = 20) and a control group (n = 20). Mothers and infants were assigned to groups using the block randomization method. Results: After ten sessions, mothers in the yoga group had significantly lower scores on the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale and the Fragile Infant Perception Scale (p < .05), and higher scores on the Maternal Attachment Scale (p < .05), compared to the control group. Conclusion: Mother–baby yoga effectively reduces maternal depression, anxiety, and stress levels, lowers perceptions of infant fragility, and improves maternal attachment in mothers of preterm infants. Implications for Practice: Pediatric nurses should consider mother–baby yoga as a supportive practice in the post-discharge care of preterm infants to promote maternal mental well-being and strengthen early bonding Clinical trial registration number: Clinical Research Information Service, NCT06202937. © 202
(m, n)-prime ideals of commutative rings
No full textLet be a commutative ring with identity and , be positive integers. We introduce the class of -prime ideals which lies properly between the classes of prime and -closed ideals. A proper ideal of is called -prime if for , implies either or Several characterizations of this new class with many examples are given. Analogous to primary decomposition, we define the -decomposition of ideals and show that every ideal in an -Noetherian ring has an -decomposition. Furthermore, the -prime avoidance theorem is proved
Unilateral serebral palsili çocuklarda geri geri yürüme ile kombine dual task denge eğitiminin denge, yürüyüş ve fonksiyonel performans üzerine etkisinin incelenmesi
Full text linkSerebral Palsi (SP), gelişmekte olan beynin çeşitli sebeplerle hasar görmesi sonucu motor fonksiyonlarda kayıp ile sonuçlanabilen nörolojik bozukluklardan biridir. Bu çalışma; unilateral SP' li çocuklarda geri geri yürüme ile kombine dual task denge eğitiminin denge, yürüyüş ve fonksiyonel performans üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesi amacı ile yapıldı. Bu çalışma 6 Şubat 2023 Kahramanmaraş depremleri sonrası 2024 Haziran - 2024 Aralık tarihleri arasında Kahramanmaraş ilinde bulunan bir özel eğitim ve rehabilitasyon merkezinde mevcut fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon programına devam eden ve dahil edilme kriterlerini sağlayan unilateral SP' li çocuklar ile gerçekleştirildi. Çalışmaya 20 unilateral SP' li çocuk dâhil edildi. Katılımcılar sayıca eşit şekilde 2 gruba ayrıldı. SP kontrol grubuna standart fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon programı 12 hafta boyunca haftada 2 seans ve her seans 45 dakika olarak uygulandı. SP çalışma grubuna ise standart fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon programının yanı sıra geri geri yürüme ile kombine dual task denge eğitimi egzersiz programı uygulandı. Denge değerlendirmesi Pediatrik Berg Denge Ölçeği (PBDÖ), yürüyüş değerlendirmesi Gillette Fonksiyonel Yürüme Değerlendirme Anketi (GFYDA) ve fonksiyonel performans değerlendirmesi Zamanlı kalk ve Yürü Testi (ZKYT) ile yapıldı. Katılımcılara uygulanan bu egzersiz tedavisi başlangıç, 6. ve 12. haftalarda değerlendirme araçlarıyla ölçülerek kaydedildi. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlara bakıldığında GFYDA, PBDÖ ve ZKYT SP çalışma ve SP kontrol grubunda başlangıç, 6. ve 12. hafta ölçümlerinde benzerlik gösterdi (p>0,05). SP çalışma grubunda yapılan değerlendirmelerin zamana bağlı değişimleri incelendiğinde GFYDA değerlerinde 6. ve 12. hafta değerleri, PBDÖ değerlerinde başlangıç, 6. ve 12. hafta değerlerinde ve ZKYT 6. ve 12. haftalar ile başlangıç ve 12. hafta değerleri karşılaştırıldığında değerlerde iyileşme olduğu saptandı (p<0,05). SP kontrol grubunda yapılan değerlendirmelerin zamana bağlı değişimleri incelendiğinde GFYDA değerlerinde başlangıç, 6. ve 12. hafta değerleri, PBDÖ değerlerinde başlangıç, 6. ve 12. hafta değerlerinde ve ZKYT 6. ve 12. haftalar ile başlangıç ve 12. hafta değerleri karşılaştırıldığında değerlerde iyileşme olduğu saptandı (p<0,05). Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar standart fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon programına ek olarak uygulanan bu egzersiz programının standart fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon programına denge, yürüyüş ve fonksiyonel performans sonuçları açısından anlamlı bir fark oluşturmadığını ve denge, yürüyüş ve fonksiyonel performans sonuçları üzerinde olumlu etkiler sağladığını göstermektedir. Bu bulgular, dual task temelli denge egzersizlerinin standart rehabilitasyon programlarına eklenmesinin motor becerilerin gelişimini artırabileceğini ortaya koymaktadır.Cerebral Palsy (CP) is one of the neurological disorders that can result in loss of motor functions due to damage to the developing brain for various reasons. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dual task balance training combined with backward walking on balance, gait and functional performance in children with unilateral CP. This study was conducted with children with unilateral CP who were continuing their current physiotherapy and rehabilitation program at a special education and rehabilitation center in Kahramanmaraş province between June 2024 and December 2024 after the February 6, 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes and who met the inclusion criteria. 20 children with unilateral CP were included in the study. The participants were divided into 2 groups equally. The SP control group received a standard physiotherapy and rehabilitation program for 12 weeks, 2 sessions per week, each session lasting 45 minutes. The SP study group received a dual-task balance training exercise program combined with backward walking, in addition to the standard physiotherapy and rehabilitation program. Balance assessment was performed using the Pediatric Berg Balance Scale (PBBS), gait assessment using the Gillette Functional Gait Assessment Questionnaire (GFGAQ), and functional performance assessment using the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG). This exercise treatment applied to the participants was measured and recorded with assessment tools at the beginning, 6th, and 12th weeks. When the results obtained from the study were examined, GFGAQ, PBBS, and TUG were similar in the SP study and SP control groups at the beginning, 6th, and 12th weeks (p>0.05). When the time-dependent changes in the evaluations made in the SP study group were examined, it was found that there was an improvement in the values when compared with the 6th and 12th week values in GFGAQ, the initial, 6th and 12th week values in PBBS, and the initial and 12th week values in TUG 6th and 12th weeks (p<0.05). When the time-dependent changes in the evaluations made in the SP control group were examined, it was found that there was an improvement in the values when compared with the initial, 6th and 12th week values in GFGAQ, the initial, 6th and 12th week values in PBBS, and the initial and 12th week values in TUG 6th and 12th weeks (p<0.05). The results obtained from the study show that this exercise program applied in addition to the standard physiotherapy and rehabilitation program did not create a significant difference in terms of balance, walking and functional performance results and provided positive effects on balance, walking and functional performance results. These findings suggest that adding dual-task-based balance exercises to standard rehabilitation programs may enhance the development of motor skills