Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan
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MELACAK ILLAT HUKUM LARANGAN WARIS BEDA AGAMA
Get PDFAbstrakKompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI) tidak mengatur waris beda agama secara jelas, KHI hanya mensyaratkan pewaris dan ahli waris memiliki agama yang sama. Di pengadilan, hakim-hakim Pengadilan Agama menggunakan wasiat wajibah untuk membagi harta warisan dengan ahli waris non-Muslim, berdasarkan yurisprudensi Mahkamah Agung Nomor 368 K/AG/1995. Sebagai hasilnya, perbedaan agama masih menjadi halangan bagi Muslim dan non-Muslim untuk saling mewarisi karena penerapan hukum tanpa mempertimbangkan illat hukum larangan waris beda agama. Dalam hal ini, penting untuk meneliti illat hukum hadis yang melarang waris beda agama sebagaimana yang dicoba dilakukan oleh artikel ini. Untuk melakukan penelitian tersebut, penulis menggunakan pendekatan usul fikih dan hermeneutika. Hasilnya, penulis sampai pada kesimpulan bahwa illat hukum hadis yang melarang waris beda agama adalah karena unsur permusuhan dan kejahatan, dan bukan karena perbedaan agama. AbstractKompilasi Hukum Islam does not regulate interfaith inheritance distinctly, it only requires the testator and the heirs have the same religion. At court, judges of religious courts employ obligatory bequest (wasiat wajibah) to share inheritance with non-Muslim heirs, based on jurisprudence of the Supreme Court Number 368 K/AG/1995. As the result, different faith still become hindrance for Muslim and non-Muslim to inherit each other due to law enforcement without considering the legal reason (ratio legis) of the law. In this case, it is important to investigate the legal reason (ratio legis) of the hadith that prohibits the interfaith inheritance as this article tries to do. To do the investigation, the author employs Islamic legal theories (usul fikih) and hermeneutics approach. As the result, the author comes to the conclusion that the ratio legis of the hadith that prohibits the interfaith inheritance is due to hostility and crime elements, and not due to different faith
IDEAS FOR STRENGTHENING SUPREME COURT JUDICIAL REVIEW AUTHORITY IN REVIEW OF REGIONAL REGULATIONS
No full textAbstractThe problem of judicial review of regional regulations in the Supreme Court is a serious academic and practical issue that needs to be resolved after the issuance of the decision of the Constitutional Court Number 137 / PUU-XIII / 2015. There are two problems in this paper, first, the legal implications of the Constitutional Court Decision Number 137 / PUU-XIII / 2015 on institutional and legal procedures for judicial review of regional regulations in the Supreme Court, secondly, how is the concept of the Supreme Court judicial review carried out through renewal of procedural law Trial Judicial Review in the Supreme Court? Based on the discussion above, we can conclude two things, first, the legal implications of the Constitutional Court Decision Number 137 / PUU-XIII / 2015 on the institutional and legal procedures for judicial review of regional regulations in the Supreme Court are the stronger and increasing authority of judicial review in Supreme Court. This decision ended the dualism of review of local regulations from judicial review by the Supreme Court and executive review of regional regulations by the Ministry of Home Affairs to only a judicial review by the Supreme Court, also potentially increasing the number of cases of judicial review in the Supreme Court. Second, the concept of the implementation of a judicial review by the Supreme Court is carried out through legal renewal of the judicial review proceedings in the Supreme Court by including several important substances, related to hearings that are open to the public, the existence of a preliminary examination, hearing, verdict and decision making that are more open and fair.Keywords: Regional Regulation, Judicial Review, and Reformation ABSTRAKProblem judicial review Perda di Mahkamah Agung menjadi persoalan akademik dan praktikal serius yang perlu dipecahkan pascakeluarnya putusan Mahkamah konstitusi Nomor 137/PUU-XIII/2015. Terdapat dua masalah dalam tulisan ini, pertama, implikasi hukum Putusan Mahkamah konstitusi Nomor 137/PUU-XIII/2015 terhadap kelembagaan dan hukum acara judicial review perda di mahkamah agung, kedua, bagaimanakah konsep pelaksanaan judicial review perda oleh mahkamah agung dilakukan melalui pembaharuan hukum acara persidangan judicial review di mahkamah agung?. Berdasarkan pembahasan di atas maka dapat disimpulkan dua hal , pertama, implikasi hukum Putusan Mahkamah konstitusi Nomor 137/PUU-XIII/2015 terhadap kelembagaan dan hukum acara judicial review perda di mahkamah agung adalah semakin kuat dan meningkatnya kewenangan judicial review di mahakamah agung. Putusan ini mengakhiri dualisme review perda dari judicial review oleh MA dan executive review perda oleh kemendagri menjadi hanya judicial review oleh Mahkamah Agung, juga berpotensi meningkatkan jumlah perkara judicial review perda di mahkamah agung. Kedua, konsep pelaksanaan judicial review perda oleh mahkamah agung dilakukan melalui pembaharuan hukum acara persidangan judicial review di mahkamah agung dengan memasukan beberapa substansi penting, terkait sidang yang terbuka untuk umum, adanya proses pemeriksaan pendahuluan, pemeriksaan persidangan, pembuktian dan pengambilan putusan yang lebih terbuka dan fair.Kata Kunci : Peaturan Daerah, JudicialReview, dan Pembaharuan
SETTLEMENT OF CONSUMER DISPUTES THROUGH THE CONSUMER DISPUTE RESOLUTION AGENCY AND THEIR PROBLEMS
Get PDFIn relation to fulfilling their daily needs, the position and existence of consumers in a dominant society are under businessmen. This has caused the potential loss of customers due to the actions of businessmen. It is not unusual for businessmen to exploit consumers for their interests and advantages without thinking and often neglecting the rights of consumers. This has given rise to disputes between consumers and businessmen that need to be resolved thoroughly and fairly, with legal certainty. The Act No. 8 of 1999 concerning consumer protection has regulated the resolution of consumer disputes which can be carried out outside the court through the Consumer Dispute Settlement Agency (BPSK). The existence of BPSK as a consumer dispute resolution institution does not seem to provide maximum protection to consumers because there are many problems, including the process and procedures for resolving disputes at BPSK. Based on the results of the research and analysis carried out, it is concluded that the resolution of consumer disputes through BPSK in terms of time is relatively faster because it has to be decided within a maximum of 21 working days compared to resolving consumer disputes through general courts which take years. But on the other hand, many problems exist related to the existence of BPSK as a consumer dispute resolution institution, including in the institutional sector, BPSK human resources, inconsistent laws, and so on
THE REGULATION OF PIRACY AND ARMED ROBBERY AT SEA IN INTERNATIONAL LAW
Get PDFThis paper examines the regulation of piracy and armed robbery at sea in international law applicable globally and applicable only in a certain region. This research will review the elements of piracy and armed robbery at sea then made a distinction between both crimes. It will be found that there are problems that still not legally regulated in existing international regulation concerning piracy and armed robbery at sea or it has been regulated but still cause a problem in the prosecution of both crimes. It is a normative research which concludes that the regulation of armed robbery at sea is found only in regional international legal rules, unlike the regulation of piracy that exists in international rules that applied globally. The existing regulations leave problems concerning areas where a crime such as piracy-like act will be difficult to categorize as piracy or armed robbery at sea
DEVELOPMENT OF TRAINING FOR THE POSITION OF REGISTRARS IN THE SUPREME COURT
Get PDFThe registrar\u27s position within the Supreme Court is a career position with the status of a Civil Servant, who is specifically tasked with regional and central courts to receive, examine, adjudicate and settle registered cases. The clerk of the court who serves in the Court has an important role in handling the administration of the trial and the execution of the judge\u27s decision in the Court. This role further clarifies the position and orientation of the function of the part of justice services for citizens optimally. This study aims to develop an education and training policy plan that supports the profession of court officials before carrying out their duties and functions as Registrars.This study uses a qualitative method with a normative juridical approach in the field of education and training. The results of this study found that the current administration of education and training for registrars, such as curriculum content and learning time is still lacking as a basis for competencies and specifications for job career paths required by the organization. This needs to be adjusted to the needs of the organization in meeting the professional standards of the clerkship position within the Supreme Court
Discontinuation Of Employment Relations Because The Efficiency In The Era Of Industrial Revolution 4.0
Get PDFRevolusi Industri 4.0 telah memberikan pengaruh terhadap pemutusan hubungan kerja dengan alasan efisiensi. Alasan efisiensi Pasal 164 ayat (3) Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan menimbulkan polemik yang berdampak kepada besarnya jumlah pengangguran. Penelitian dilakukan secara normatif yang bertujuan untuk menelaah undang-undang ketenagakerjaan yang belum mampu melindungi hak berkerja di era revolusi industri 4.0. Efisiensi di revolusi industri 4.0 akan mengancam kehidupan pekerja dimasa yang akan datang, dengan tergantikannya tenaga manusia dengan tenaga robot. Hak berkerja yang telah diamanatkan oleh UUD 1945 di dalam Pasal 28A- 28J terancam hilang dengan berkembangnya zaman. Kewajiban konstitusi dari pemerintah untuk menyediakan lapangan pekerjaan bagi pekerja di era revolusi industri 4.0, karena berkerja merupakan hak asasi manusia untuk mempertahankan kehidupannya
ULTRA PETITA DECISIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF CRIMINAL LAW ENFORCEMENT IN INDONESIA
Get PDFThe imposition of ultra petita decisions in the practice of criminal law enforcement in Indonesia continues to be going on today. This paper tries to examine the ultra petita decisions with the provisions in the Criminal Procedure Code, and the principle of freedom and the active role of judges. In answering the problem, the writer makes use of a type of normative legal research that’s done by researching positive law. The results of the discussion display that the Criminal Procedure Code doesn’t prohibit judges from imposing ultra petita decisions. In examining criminal cases, the judge can impose decisions that are outside of the requisition or exceed the requisition of the public prosecutor. The Criminal Procedure Code only stipulates that the basis for the judge in imposing a decision is the bill of indictment. Justification for the imposition of decisions is also based on the principle of judge freedomand judges are active. Under these two principles, judges are free to impose decisions without influence from other parties and actively searching for out facts that are revealed in court for the realization of material truth as the aims of criminal procedural law. The writer\u27s recommendations are: 1) Criminal law enforcers (judges, public prosecutors, lawyers/ defendants) need to form a common awareness that ultra petita decisions are permitted; 2) The rule by which the judge gives the ultra petita decisions needs to be made immediately, each for the short and long term
THE URGENCY OF MORTGAGE AGREEMENT AS AN EFFORT TO REALIZE THE TRUST BY BANK AS CREDITOR
Get PDFThis study focuses on the legal certainty of the implementation of loans for mortgage rights which are the object of collateral in the form of money-valued objects when bad loan occurs, which are regulated in the main agreement as an effort to manifest the trust of creditors of banking institutions whose existence is highly sought after by the Indonesian people. The method used in this study focuses on the normative with the conceptual approach and statute approach. The results of this study indicate that Credit agreements must be considered by the bank as creditor and by the customer as the debtor, considering that credit agreements have a vital function in granting, managing, and managing the credit itself. The existence of a guarantee in a bank credit agreement is significant, namely as a means of legal protection for bank security in overcoming risks. There is a certainty that the debtor customer will pay off his loan. This is based on the explanation of Banking Laws, PBI, and POJK, which requires banks\u27 caution as creditors for loans to debtors based on the belief in the debtor\u27s ability to pay off his obligations as agreed in the agreement. The land is material security which is most in demand by banking institutions as security of mortgage rights. The use of land as a trusted and consumptive credit is based on the consideration of the safest land and has a relatively high sale value. The urgency of objects Securing mortgage rights as stipulated in the credit agreement cannot be separated from the guarantee itself. Credit guarantees are always stated in an additional agreement, namely the Collateral agreement. The need for funds by people or institutions provides credit by providing excellent services and providing legal protection for the parties in the transaction so that no one is harmed in the transaction. The state provides legal protection by stipulating legal regulation relating to credit so that banks as creditors have legal certainty in the process of executing credit collateral objects for optimal repayment. Mortgage Law states that creditors have full rights in executing debtor\u27s collateral goods when bad loans do not have to go through litigation
THE THEORY OF BIOLOGICAL JUSTICE IN LEGAL PHILOSOPHY AND ITS APPLICATION IN JUDGES’ DECISIONS
Get PDFJustice is one of the legal goals that judges want to uphold. Since justice is subjective and individual, it cannot be separated from the place, time, and others, which greatly affects the judges\u27 sense of justice. Justice is becoming more important when the \u27question of law\u27 is about to be applied to the \u27question of fact.\u27 Justice is defined as a value to create an ideal relationship among humans. They are entitled according to law and morality as stated by the popular doctrine "fiat justitia ruat caelum†which means justice must be upheld even though the sky will fall. Biological justice is a normative entity that is committed to delivering human dignity and welfare. The theory of Biological Justice offers a broader understanding of the meaning of justice
PEMBERIAN KONSESI KEPADA INVESTOR DI ATAS TANAH ADAT DAN EKSISTENSI HUKUM ADAT.
No full textPemberian konsesi oleh pemerintah kepada investor telah menimbulkan banyak konflik pertanahan antara investor-investor pemegang izin, lisensi ataupun konsesi dan masyarakat hukum adat. Data konflik yang telah dicatat oleh Komisi Nasional Hak Asasi Manusia, Aliansi Masyarakat Adat Nusantara maupun Sawit Watch telah mencapai 500-800 kasus konflik tanah antara investor-investor tersebut dan masyarakat hukum adat. Tehadap konflik-konflik tersebut Mahkamah Konstitusi Indonesia kemudian telah mengeluarkan putusan yaitu dalam Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No. 35/PUU-X/2012 yang memutuskan bahwa eksistensi hutan adat tidak lagi masuk sebagai bagian dari hutan negara. Artinya Pemerintah harus mengakui eksistensi tanah adat bukan merupakan tanah negara. Menjadi pertanyaan adalah bagaimana kebijakan pemerintah dalam memberikan izin konsesi kepada para investor yang akan mengelola sumber-sumber daya alam dan mineral di atas tanah adat dengan tetap menghargai hukum adat setempat. Penelitian penulisan konseptual ini adalah normatif yuridis dengan pendekatan teori yang dilakukan oleh Lon L. Fuller, yang menyatakan bahwa hukum tertulis yang tidak didasarkan pada hukum adat yang telah mengalami saringan, tidak akan mempunyai basis sosial yang kuat dan menjadi hukum yang tidak efektif serta mengakibatkan merosotnya wibawa hukum. Hasil kajian ini diharapkan pemerintah yang diberikan Hak Menguasai Negara dapat melakukan kewenangannya sesuai konstitusi khususnya dalam membuat kebijakan pemberian konsesi pemanfaatan sumber daya alam di atas tanah adat kepada investor, tanpa menimbulkan konflik hukum dengan Masyarakat Hukum Adat