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Characteristics of Advanced Emotion Work and Its Learning : An Exploratory Analysis Through Interview Surveys
Get PDFThis paper focuses on “advanced emotion work,” which is expected to increase in
importance in the future, and attempts to identify the content of emotional expression and
emotion management that is important in this work, as well as the characteristics of the
learning that takes place to address it. Advanced emotion work is a type of emotion work in
which contact time with customers or service users is somewhat long and continues for a
certain period of time（Sakiyama, 2017）, and which requires complex communication and
emotional management. It can be said that this type of work is often found in the area of
interpersonal services, such as medical work, care work, and educational work.
In this paper, we conducted an interview survey and analysis of three teachers, three care
workers, three licensed social insurance consultants, and seven career support workers
（counselors, training instructors, etc.）. In analyzing the content of emotional expression and
emotion management, we focused on the following perspectives:（1）variety of emotions
required to be expressed,（2）sensitivity requirement（exploratory understanding to client
and user emotions）,（3）deep acting（whether or not bound by emotional display rules）, and
（4） emotional dissonance,. In analyzing the characteristics of learning, we focused on
reflective learning for emotion work, systematic learning for knowledge work, and the
existence of a community of practice utilized for reflective learning.
The results of the analysis suggest that advanced emotion work is characterized by,
among other things, variety of emotions required to be expressed, sensitivity requirement
（exploratory understanding to client and user emotions）, and deep acting. In contrast,
emotional dissonance was not so strong except for teachers, and as a result, advanced
emotion work had more positive effects on those engaged in it, such as satisfaction and a
sense of accomplishment, than negative effects such as emotional exhaustion. Regarding the
learning of those engaged in advanced emotion work, it was found that systematic learning was mainly emphasized for knowledge work, while reflective learning was important for
both knowledge work and emotion work. It was also found that communities of practice
were used in this learning, and that people with diverse experiences in their past work and
life may be more likely to engage in reflective learning in advanced emotion work.departmental bulletin pape
American Editions and German Editions of the Origin of Species
Get PDFCharles Darwin was eager for the Origin of Species （1859） to be read
in foreign countries. In this paper, processes of American editions and
German editions are investigated by analysing the correspondence of
Darwin with publishers, translators, and others.
The 1st American edition （1860） was the reprint of Murray’s 1st edition and published without Darwin’s collaboration. The 2nd American
edition （1860） was based on Murray’s 2nd edition （1860）. But according
to Darwin’s requirement, it contained additional parts and lists of alterations. This unreadable edition was published until 1873. In this year,
Murray sent the stereotype of 6th edition （1872） to the American publisher. Thereafter, the Origin was read in America in the same format as
the English edition.
The 1st German edition （1860） was based on Murray’s 2nd edition and
translated by Heinrich Georg Bronn, who was a paleontologist and did
not believe the evolution theory. This edition contained the translator’s
footnotes and a new chapter written by the translator. In the new chapter and the footnotes, Bronn criticized Darwin’s evolution theory. Bronn’s
translation of the text was not accurate. For instance, he did not translate the famous sentence of Chapter 14 （p.489）, “Light will be thrown on
the origin of man and his history.” The previous sentence, “Psychology
will be based on a new foundation, ” was translated into “Die Physiologie
wird sich auf eine neue Grundlage stützen,”.
The 2nd German edition （1863） was based on Murray’s 3rd edition
（1861） and also translated by Bronn. Therefore, this edition contained the same problems as the 1st edition. Bronn died abruptly before the
publication of this edition in July 1862.
The next German translator was Julius Victor Carus, who was a zoologist and respected Darwin. The 3rd German edition （1867） was based on
Murray’s 4th edition （1866）. Carus translated the Origin accurately. The
4th German edition （1870） based on Murray’s 5th edition （1869）, and the
5th German edition （1872） based on Murray’s 6th edition （1872） were
also translated by Carus.
Bronn was not an appropriate translator of the Origin. Nevertheless,
Darwin welcomed Bronn’s proposal of translation and assisted with his
works, because Darwin desired eagerly for the Origin to be read in foreign languages.departmental bulletin pape
The Struggle for Genuineness: Abe Nosei and Nogami Yaeko
Get PDFThis paper is an attempt to analyze one of the important features of
Taisho Culturalism, namely its “genuineness orientation,” based on the
biographical facts of the philosopher Abe Nosei （1883-1966） and the
novelist Nogami Yaeko（1885-1985）. Yaeko’s diary and letters published
posthumously, as well as Nosei’s unpublished manuscripts, are the main
objects of my analysis.
As is well known in the literary research community on Yaeko, the
young Yaeko confessed her love for Naka Kansuke （1885-1965）, so famous
for his novel “Gin No Saji”, only to have her heart broken. Nosei,
Naka’s close friend, played the role of messenger to convey Naka’s rejection.
My article also tries to reconstruct the relationship between Yaeko
and Nosei regarding this lost love incident as a comedy from a new angle.
Nosei and Yaeko, both known as disciples of Natsume Soseki（1867-
1916） and leading writers of Taisho Culturalism, had been “friends” since
their twenties. At the same time, they were sharply critical of each other.
To Yaeoko, Nosei’s scholarship lacked intellectual genuineness. In
Yaeoko’s eyes, he was not a genuine scholar. To Nosei, Yaeko lacked
genuineness of sprit. She seemed to behave in a calculated or diplomatic
manner.
Their cheerful public bickering was seen as a kind of joke, expressing
a rare “friendship” between the sexes. However, their criticisms of each
other were veracious, and they were not joking. Their mutual criticism
shows their admiration for genuine artists and their respect for purity of
heart. They both longed for what they knew they lacked. It is precisely
in this intense longing that we see the essence of Taisho Culturalism.departmental bulletin pape
A Study of University-based Comprehensive Community Sports Clubs : The Practices of the MOMOKYO SPORTS ACADEMY
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