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Changes in the Economic Environment for Japan’s Food Service Industry and Overseas Expansion
Get PDFThe authors have studied the overseas expansion of Japanese food
service companies based on case studies of individual companies. The
purpose of this series of studies on the food service industry is to clarify
the challenges facing the Japanese food service industry and the actual
situation of overseas expansion as a viable response to those challenges,
based on the case studies and the valuable experience of each food service
company obtained through these studies. We will also identify the future
direction of Japan’s food service industry and concrete ways to resolve
issues in the countries and regions where these companies are expanding.
This paper will examine in detail why the Japanese food service industry
has sought to expand overseas in the first place, which can be considered a
factor in the rapid overseas expansion of Japanese companies, and will
examine in detail the economic and social environment surrounding the
domestic food service industry in Japan since 1990 and the performance of
the food service industry to determine how the industry is performing.
We will then examine in detail the economic and social environment
surrounding Japan’s domestic food service industry since 1990 and the
performance of the food service industry to determine why Japanese food
service companies have expanded overseas.departmental bulletin pape
Effects of Online Learning on Undergraduate Students’ Learning Behavior: Exploring the Effective Learning and Teaching Skills Implemented During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Get PDFBackground: During the coronavirus pandemic disease of 2019 （COVID-19）, many
undergraduate students attended online classes. This was observed even
in Japan, where the use of computers for learning has been less popular,
compared to other Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
（OECD） countries. Previous studies have revealed that, online learning is
advantageous in terms of flexibility, reduced costs, and increased free time.
Objective: This study examines the contributing factors and impacts of online learning
during the COVID-19 pandemic on student learning behavior and academic
achievement.
M e t h o d s: Study participants included professors from a private university in Osaka.
In this study, the participant observation method was primarily employed
as the research method. For some classes, changes in study time and grade
distribution before and after the pandemic were also estimated.
R e s u l t s: The results suggest that the academic achievements of undergraduate
students remained consistent or improved during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Such achievements stemmed from promoting interactive teaching strategies,
providing audio and video materials for learning and frequent and timely
feedback provided to students, which strengthened their learning motivation
and academic performance. In some cases, study time outside of class
incresed compared to the pre-pandemic period. Accordingly, the quality of
students’ term papers also improved. Furthermore, the use of a Learning
Management System （LMS） reduced instructors’ burden of preparing
teaching materials, assignments, and reports; grading; and providing feedback
to students. Students were also encouraged to ask questions through the
LMS during some classes. However, some students may need to work on
their Information and communications technology, and time management
skills, to benefit from online learning.
Conclusion: Online learning offers many advantages, and it can generally improve
students’ academic achievement. Moreover, this study discovers that the
existing instructional design of face-to-face classroom learning is applicable
to online courses’ instructional design as well. To understand the effects
of online learning more rigorously, adequate quantitative data need to be
collected. Beyond the exploration of effective learning and teaching skills, we
must also consider how to build a better society in the post-COVID-19 world.departmental bulletin pape
Factor Analysis of Infectious Disease Countermeasures as Risk Management for Japanese Water Supply Business
Get PDFThe water supply business must not only develop and maintain infrastructure for water
supply, but also take measures against infectious diseases. Water supply infrastructure is
aging, and deterioration of water quality will be a concern in the future. Much research
has been done on the replacement costs for aging water supply infrastructure. Similarly,
much research has been done on the effects of aging water supply infrastructure on water
quality.
However, there seems to be no research that analyzes the impact of deterioration
of water quality with aging of water pipes on crisis management of Japanese water
business. In this paper, we will test the hypothesis whether each water utility in Japan
will strengthen risk management against infectious diseases by the deterioration of water
quality with aging of water pipes.
The main estimation results obtained in this paper are as follows. First, water supply
businesses that use dams as water sources are mainly self-owned water organizations that
are strongly affected by water shortages and actively take measures against infectious
diseases as crisis management. Secondly, as expected, the water pipeline aging rate was
significantly positive, but some models did not reach the level of significance. There is
empirically a naive side to the hypothesis verification that water quality deterioration with
aging of water pipes has caused for a risk management for infectious disease control in
Japanese water business. Each water utility in Japan is only interested in meeting certain
water quality standards. It is speculated that if the water quality standard is exceeded,
the awareness of risk management will not be strengthened so much.
Finally, the water supply vision formulation dummy variable has the greatest impact
on decision-making on infectious disease control since FY27. Water utilities that formulate
a water supply vision are conducting risk management for long-term infectious disease
control while considering the aging of water supply infrastructure and the maintenance
and management of water quality. Since the future water business will need crisis
management including Covid-19, Japanese water utility must create a new water visiondepartmental bulletin pape
