Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University: Open Journal Systems
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Coal Miners' Health Care: The First Ten Years of the Medical Care Program of the United Mine Workers of America Welfare and Retirement Fund
Get PDFThis paper analyzes the origins and development of the m ical care program of the United Mine Workers America Welfare and Retirement Fund. This pr gram was unique In the histo of health care organ Ization in the United States In that Its policies and practices represented a depa ure from the dominant m e of organizing and financing health care. From 1948 to 1978 it was viewed by many as a model for a national health se ice as opposed to a national health Insurance program. The purpose of this a icle Is to analyze the origins of the Fund medical care program and the early development of Its policies. The histo of the program contains impo ant lessons concern Ing the politics of health care In the United States and the relationship be n who controls the provision health care se ices and the cost and the quality of those se ices.
A History of the Children’s Evaluation and Rehabilitation Center (CERC) at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1956-2008
Get PDFThe Children’s Evaluation and Rehabilitation Center (CERC) is the oldest continuously Einstein-operated clinical program. Its history has paralleled that of other achievements at Einstein, as well as changes in the service system, legislative mandates, and creation of programs for the developmentally disabled in both the Bronx and the United States. This article describes the growth and development of CERC, identifies several key faculty members and staff who have been major contributors to CERC’s operations and to related Einstein activities, describes its numerous accomplishments over the past 50 years, and indicates some of the future directions for its programs.
The Role of Hormones in Women’s Stroke Risk
No full textAlthough often overshadowed by breast cancer and other women’s health issues, stroke is a primary cause of mortality and morbidity among women in the United States today. This article explores three major populations of women: postmenopausal women who are taking hormone-replacement therapy, women ingesting estrogen-containing oralcontraceptive pills, and women who are currently pregnant. It compiles recent research and physiologic information that can aid in assessing these women’s risk for stroke. This review can help healthcare providers evaluate and manage these populations, and assess the health risks and benefits of certain estrogen-containing therapies
Impact of an Intensive Cardiology Orientation Program on Confidence of New Fellows
No full textObjective: We implemented a four-day intensive clinical orientation program in 2004 for cardiology fellows to compare the change in self-assessed confidence of fellows before versus after the orientation. Background: The transition from an internal medicine residency to a cardiology fellowship can be challenging. There has been limited research on the use of orientation programs to ease this transition. Methods: New fellows in 2006 and 2007 (N = 13) were prospectively queried immediately before, immediately after, and six months after orientation about their confidence and their support for the orientation program. We retrospectively queried fellows who began their fellowships in 2004 and 2005 (N = 12) by asking them to complete the same questionnaire based on what they recalled feeling immediately before, immediately after, and six months after orientation. Responses to each question were based on a Likert scale from 1 to 7, and a total confidence score was calculated. Retrospective and prospective data were pooled, and nonparametric paired analyses were performed.Results: Twenty-five fellows were enrolled. Fellows’ confidence scores increased after the orientation from 20 to 36 (p<0.01). A significant increase was sustained after six months. In addition, at all time points, the fellows supported the orientation program. Conclusion: An intensive clinical orientation program improved new cardiology fellows’ confidence. Support for this program was high, and the findings support con- tinuation and further development of the program.
Medical Genetic Research on the Amish: From Genetic Tourism to Community Health Centers
Get PDFIn the 1960s, Victor McKusick inaugurated the Amish medicalgenetic tourist research program in order to learn moreabout the relationship between genes and human disease.However, Amish mistrust of outsiders and frustration at beingexploited by tourism, as well as other cultural and historicalfactors, would ultimately result in the transformation of medicalgenetic research paradigms from genetic tourism to communityhealth centers. Over time, Amish community healthclinics, partially funded by the Amish themselves, were establishedin Pennsylvania and Ohio. These clinics, which are longtermcenters dedicated to primary care and advanced medicalgenetic research, give the Amish a sense of agency. Doctorsfrom these clinics have achieved numerous medical breakthroughsthat were possible only as a result of their long-termcare of patients. This transition to Amish community healthclinics illustrates the successes science and medicine canachieve when they are sensitive to unique population needs
Protein Damage and Antioxidant Status Alterations Caused by Oxidative Injury in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Get PDFObjective: To evaluate the oxidative stress and antioxidant defense in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia.Background: Chronic myeloid leukemia is a myeloproliferative disorder associated with a characteristic chromosomal translocation called the Philadelphia chromosome. Reactive oxygen species and other free radicals mediate phenotypic and genotypic changes leading from mutation to neoplasia in all cancers, including chronic myeloid leukemia. We evaluated patients with chronic myeloid leukemia by observing their oxidative status and antioxidant defense.Methods: Using serum from 40 clinically diagnosed cases of chronic myeloid leukemia as well as 40 healthy controls, we measured the concentration of thiobarbituric acid, levels of protein carbonylation, total antioxidant status, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, vitamins A and E, and the trace elements zinc, magnesium, and selenium. Results: We found significantly increased levels of serum malonyldialdehyde and protein carbonyl in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in comparison to healthy individuals, and significantly decreased levels of the antioxidants and micronutrients thiobarbituric acid, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, vitamins A and E, zinc, magnesium, and selenium. These data suggest cellular damage occurring at the level of lipids and proteins.Conclusion: These findings indicate a link between low levels of antioxidants and cellular damage in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia, supporting the idea that oxidative stress may play a role in the pathogenesis of chronic myeloid leukemia
From Form to Function: A History of the Department of Biochemistry of the Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Get PDFThe department of biochemistry is the oldest basic sciencedepartment at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine. Its firstchair, who was also the first faculty member to be appointed tothe medical school itself, was hired in 1952, three years beforethe fledgling institution opened its doors to the first enteringclass. Since those early days, the department has helpedshape the academic environment of the college, influencingthe selection of departmental chairs, guiding medical schooladmissions, and teaching courses that laid the foundation forthe medical school curriculum. In this article, we summarizebriefly the history of the department from its inception to thepresent. We review the accomplishments of each of its threechairs and discuss how the department has helped define thecharacter of the institution as a whole