Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University: Open Journal Systems
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Coffee Consumption and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: What Should We Tell Our Patients?
No full textThe association between coffee and the risk of cardiovascular disease has been studied over the past 20 years. Given the complexity of conducting large, randomized, controlled trials to prove causality, conclusions are based on case reports, retrospective studies, and small physiologic trials. Surveys determine that most physicians advise discontinuing or reducing consumption of caffeine in patients with known heart disease, yet this recommendation lacks strong supporting evidence. The following is a short review of the effects of coffee and caffeine on the cardiovascular system that aims to provide objective advice to physicians and patients based on the published literature.
The Department of Medicine at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1980-1999
Get PDFBeginning in 1977, the leaders at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine (AECOM) and Montefiore Medical Center (MMC) began to develop unifieddepartments combining the strengths at both campuses under a single department chair. The unification of the Department of Medicine was carried out under the leadership of Dr. Louis M. Sherwood in 1980. This step built upon the strength of the two Departments that had developed separately at MMC and AECOM during the previous era. During the 1980s and the 1990s, the subspecialty divisions, along with their training and research programs, were merged. Other changes evolved though that period, so that by the turn of the century many aspects of the Department of Medicine differed from its structure and function in 1980
HIV-1 Dynamics in the Host Cell: A Review of Viral- and Host- Protein Interactions and Potential Therapeutic Targets for HIV-1 Infection
Get PDFHIV-1, the causative agent of AIDS, is a sophisticated retrovirus that has both evolved to invade the complex human immune system and adapted to utilize the host machinery for its own propagation. A dynamic interaction between the virus and host systems can be observed at every step of the HIV-1 lifecycle. Host factors are involved not only in mounting antiviral responses, but are also hijacked by the virus to enhance viral replication. Host factors are necessary for viral replication during entry, reverse transcription, nuclear import, integration, transcription, nuclear export, translation, assembly, and budding. Recently, a new class of host factors, called “host restriction factors,” has been identified that prevent retroviral replication in a specific host cell environment and constitute an important part of intracellular innate immunity against the virus. These restriction factors act as barriers to retroviral replication at various stages within the infected cell. Nevertheless, the HIV-1 virus has learned to subvert these antiviral responses and successfully propagate within the permissive host environment. This review article describes the identification and mechanism of action of several pro- and anti-HIV-1 host factors. It is likely that we are only beginning to get a glimpse of an ongoing complex battle between HIV-1 and the host, the understanding of which should provide valuable information for the development of novel therapeutic strategies against HIV-1.
