Universitas Muhammadiyah Sorong: eJournal Collections
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Pengaruh Tingkat Karbonasi Terhadap Kuat Tekan Beton Pada Asesmen Struktur Gedung Eksisting
Get PDFPada asesmen bangunan gedung dengan struktur utama beton bertulang, tentunya penentuan kuat tekan beton menjadi faktor utama dalam keakuratan hasil analisis. Uji kuat tekan pada beton inti adalah yang paling akurat, namun pada asesmen struktur gedung eksisting umumnya dibatasi karena faktor operasional gedung, sehingga harus dikombinasi dengan uji tidak merusak (non-destructive test, NDT). Pada gedung tua umumnya proses karbonasi sudah terjadi, dan ketika karbonasi sudah mencapai tulangan baja, akan menginisiasi korosi dan ini menjadi patologis utama pada beton bertulang. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui kuat tekan beton pada gedung sekolah 3 lantai yang berusia lebih dari 30 tahun, dengan mengambil 10 sampel beton inti yang dibarengi dengan NDT yaitu uji karbonasi, pengukuran cepat rambat gelombang ultrasonik (UPVT) dan palu pantul beton. Dan 30 titik uji lainnya tanpa sampling beton inti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kedalaman karbonasi justru meningkatkan kuat tekan dan mengurangi tingkat kesalahan dalam estimasi, dengan: dan =0,9241.Pada asesmen bangunan gedung dengan struktur utama beton bertulang, tentunya penentuan kuat tekan beton menjadi faktor utama dalam keakuratan hasil analisis. Uji kuat tekan pada beton inti adalah yang paling akurat, namun pada asesmen struktur gedung eksisting umumnya dibatasi karena faktor operasional gedung, sehingga harus dikombinasi dengan uji tidak merusak (non-destructive test, NDT). Pada gedung tua umumnya proses karbonasi sudah terjadi, dan ketika karbonasi sudah mencapai tulangan baja, akan menginisiasi korosi dan ini menjadi patologis utama pada beton bertulang. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui kuat tekan beton pada gedung sekolah 3 lantai yang berusia lebih dari 30 tahun, dengan mengambil 10 sampel beton inti yang dibarengi dengan NDT yaitu uji karbonasi, pengukuran cepat rambat gelombang ultrasonik (UPVT) dan palu pantul beton. Dan 30 titik uji lainnya tanpa sampling beton inti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kedalaman karbonasi justru meningkatkan kuat tekan dan mengurangi tingkat kesalahan dalam estimasi, dengan : dan =0,9241
Studi Komparasi Implementasi dan Tantangan Kebijakan Otonomi Daerah di Sumatera dan Papua
Get PDFThe purpose of this article is to analyze the implementation of regional autonomy policy by taking the case of comparison between the islands of Sumatra and Papua. The research method uses the literature study method to collect various information relevant to the qualitative approach. This approach is considered appropriate because the implementation of regional autonomy is multi-dimensional. The implementation of regional autonomy in Sumatra and Papua over the past two decades has not been able to significantly improve welfare, especially in reducing poverty and improving education, health, and economic infrastructure. The success rate of implementing regional autonomy in the Sumatra region from the aspect of regional competitiveness is 18.30% and has not been successful enough to increase regional competitiveness in terms of GDP per capita. In addition, the implementation of regional autonomy mainly in conflict areas, the level of conflict in Aceh decreased significantly after regional autonomy was enacted. From an average of 1,500 deaths per year in the period 1999-2005 to an average of 50 deaths per year in the period 2006-2018. While the level of conflict in Papua increased significantly after regional autonomy was imposed, from an average of 100 deaths per year in the period 1999-2005 to an average of 300 victims killed per year in the period 2006-2018. In Sumatra, particularly in Aceh, regional autonomy is successful because it involves the participation and consensus of all parties involved, including former rebels, civil society, and the central government. In Papua, regional autonomy fails because it is carried out unilaterally and authoritatively by the central government, without regard for the interests and rights of the Papuan people.Tujuan artikel ini adalah menganalisis implementasi kebijakan otonomi daerah dengan mengambil kasus perbandingan/komparasiantara pulau Sumatera dan Papua. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode studi literatur untuk mengumpulkan berbagai informasi yang relevan dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Pendekatan ini dinilai tepat karena implementasi otonomi daerah bersifat multidimensi. Implementasi otonomi daerah di Sumatera dan Papua selama dua dekade terakhir masih belum mampu meningkatkan kesejahteraan secara signifikan utamanya dalam mengurangi kemiskinan, dan menaikkan infrastruktur pendidikan, kesehatan serta ekonomi. Tingkat keberhasilan implementasi otonomi daerah di wilayah Sumatera dari aspek daya saing daerah adalah 18,30% dan belum cukup berhasil meningkatkan daya saing daerah dari segi PDRB per kapita. Selain itu, penerapan otonomi daerah utamanya di daerah konflik tingkat konflik di Aceh menurun secara signifikan setelah otonomi daerah diberlakukan. Dari rata-rata 1.500 korban tewas per tahun pada periode 1999-2005 menjadi rata-rata 50 korban tewas per tahun pada periode 2006-2018. Sementara tingkat konflik di Papua meningkat secara signifikan setelah otonomi daerah diberlakukan, dari rata-rata 100 korban tewas per tahun pada periode 1999-2005 menjadi rata-rata 300 korban tewas per tahun pada periode 2006-2018. Di Sumatera, khususnya di Aceh, otonomi daerah berhasil karena melibatkan partisipasi dan konsensus dari semua pihak yang terlibat, termasuk mantan pemberontak, masyarakat sipil, dan pemerintah pusat. Di Papua, otonomi daerah gagal karena dilakukan secara sepihak dan otoriter oleh pemerintah pusat, tanpa memperhatikan kepentingan dan hak-hak masyarakat Papua
Fitur “Status” Jurnalisme Media Sosial Whatsapp Sebagai Bentuk Self-Disclosure Pada Remaja Generasi Digital Native
Get PDFGenerasi digital native ialah generasi yang sudah tidak dapat dipisahkan hidupnya dari teknologi semacam internet dan media sosial. Tujuan dari riset ini yakni untuk mengetahui bagaimana jenis self disclosure yang dilakukan oleh remaja generasi digital native yang mereka jalani di fitur “Status” WhatsApp, dan alasan yang mendasari para informan untuk melakukan self disclosure di media sosial tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam riset ini ialah metode kualititaif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Peneliti melakukan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi terhadap sebagian informan yang tercantum kedalam jenis remaja generasi digital native yakni umur 19 hingga umur 22 tahun. Adapun dalam mengungkapkan kategori atau tipe pengungkapan diri informan, peneliti menggunakan teori Johari Window. Hasil penelitian menerangkan bahwa jendela hidden area yang terdapat dalam keempat jendela Johari itu lebih terbuka lebar yang menunjukkan bahwa remaja digital native cenderung tidak melepas semua informasi yang berkaitan dengan diri mereka
Factors that Influence the use of Management Accounting on SME Performance in the city of Medan
Get PDFThe aim of this research is to examine the influence of the use of management accounting on SME performance, and environmental uncertainty, information technology, quality of human resources and innovation as factors that influence the use of management accounting. Descriptive quantitative research method, namely the results of processing data and then representing it. The population of this research is SMEs from various business sectors spread across the city of Medan. The sample was taken using a purposive sampling technique as many as 33 SMEs in the city of Medan. The Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) equation model is used for the data analysis method. Information technology influences the use of management accounting, environmental uncertainty, human resources and innovation do not influence the use of management accounting. The use of management accounting influences the performance of SMEs
Legal Dilemma between Law on Protection Child and Marriage Law in Addressing Early Marriage
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze marriage regulations with child protection, namely Law Number 16 of 2019 on Marriage and Law Number 35 of 2014 on Child Protection. These two regulations will be analyzed to protect children who marry underage. The study method used is normative juridical. As a novelty, the study tries to compare marriage arrangements with child protection arrangements. The purpose and perspective of underage marriage between the two regulations are different. The research results show that marriage law has a different spirit than child protection law. This is shown in the marriage law, which states that children are still allowed to marry for urgent reasons by applying for a dispensation to the court. However, child protection law explicitly does not allow this. Therefore, there is a need for more detailed regulation regarding the category of "urgent reasons" regulated in the marriage law
The Implementation of Aceh Qanun on Halal Labeling for MSMEs in West Aceh Regency
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to determine the implementation of Aceh Qanun Number 8 of 2016 on the Halal Product Assurance System (The Aceh Qanun on Halal Label) on Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) and to understand the supervision of the implementation of the Aceh Qanun on Halal Label in West Aceh Regency. The study method used is empirical juridical, producing descriptive data regarding implementing the Aceh Qanun on Halal Label towards MSMEs in the West Aceh Regency. This study is important because data from the Health Office of West Aceh Regency shows that 30 MSMEs have obtained halal certificates. In comparison, 64 MSMEs do not have halal certificates for their marketed food products. Based on the data, this fact does not comply with the provisions of Article 4 of Law Number 33 of 2014 on Halal Product Assurance (hereinafter referred to as the Halal Product Guarantee Law 2014), which obliges all products traded in Indonesia to have halal certification. This provision is in line with Article 4 of the Aceh Qanun on Halal Label, which states that the Halal Product Assurance System aims to provide protection, peace of mind, and legal certainty to the community in consuming and using Halal and hygienic products for physical and spiritual health. The assurance of halal products refers to legal certainty regarding the halal status of products, proven by halal certificates, halal registration numbers, and halal labels. Many MSMEs in West Aceh do not have halal product certificates, so the objectives of the Aceh Qanun on Halal Label have yet to be well implemented. The suboptimal supervision also influences the suboptimal implementation of the Aceh Qanun on Halal Label. This supervision involves various West Aceh Regency Local Government institutions, such as the Ministry of Religious Affairs and the Health Office. The main constraint is the limited funds allocated for such supervision, resulting in suboptimal halal product supervision for MSMEs in West Aceh.The purpose of this study is to determine the implementation of Aceh Qanun Number 8 of 2016 on the Halal Product Assurance System (The Aceh Qanun on Halal Label) on Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) and to understand the supervision of the implementation of the Aceh Qanun on Halal Label in West Aceh Regency. The study method used is empirical juridical, producing descriptive data regarding implementing the Aceh Qanun on Halal Label towards MSMEs in the West Aceh Regency. This study is important because data from the Health Office of West Aceh Regency shows that 30 MSMEs have obtained halal certificates. In comparison, 64 MSMEs do not have halal certificates for their marketed food products. Based on the data, this fact does not comply with the provisions of Article 4 of Law Number 33 of 2014 on Halal Product Assurance (hereinafter referred to as the Halal Product Guarantee Law 2014), which obliges all products traded in Indonesia to have halal certification. This provision is in line with Article 4 of the Aceh Qanun on Halal Label, which states that the Halal Product Assurance System aims to provide protection, peace of mind, and legal certainty to the community in consuming and using Halal and hygienic products for physical and spiritual health. The assurance of halal products refers to legal certainty regarding the halal status of products, proven by halal certificates, halal registration numbers, and halal labels. Many MSMEs in West Aceh do not have halal product certificates, so the objectives of the Aceh Qanun on Halal Label have yet to be well implemented. The suboptimal supervision also influences the suboptimal implementation of the Aceh Qanun on Halal Label. This supervision involves various West Aceh Regency Local Government institutions, such as the Ministry of Religious Affairs and the Health Office. The main constraint is the limited funds allocated for such supervision, resulting in suboptimal halal product supervision for MSMEs in West Aceh
Elaborate the Superiority of Smart City in South Korea: A Study Comparison of Laws
Get PDFThe advancement of technology has played a significant role in societal life, providing convenience across various aspects and creating practical solutions. One phenomenon emerging alongside this progress is the Internet of Things (IoT), a concept of continuous connectivity within networks. A massive implementation of IoT is seen in the concept of Smart City, which integrates this technology to efficiently enhance the quality of life for communities. This research aims to compare the legal regulations governing Smart Cities in South Korea and Indonesia. In Indonesia, there is currently no specific legal regulation for Smart Cities, making a comparison with South Korea particularly valuable. The research methodology employed is normative legal research, utilizing secondary data obtained through literature studies, focusing on legislative analysis and a comparative approach. The findings of this research provide an elaboration on the comparison of legal regulations for Smart Cities in Indonesia and South Korea. The research results are also accompanied by recommendations for the establishment of Smart City legal regulations that could be utilized at the national level.The advancement of technology has played a significant role in societal life, providing convenience across various aspects and creating practical solutions. One phenomenon emerging alongside this progress is the Internet of Things (IoT), a concept of continuous connectivity within networks. A massive implementation of IoT is seen in the concept of Smart City, which integrates this technology to efficiently enhance the quality of life for communities. This research aims to compare the legal regulations governing Smart Cities in South Korea and Indonesia. In Indonesia, there is currently no specific legal regulation for Smart Cities, making a comparison with South Korea particularly valuable. The research methodology employed is normative legal research, utilizing secondary data obtained through literature studies, focusing on legislative analysis and a comparative approach. The findings of this research provide an elaboration on the comparison of legal regulations for Smart Cities in Indonesia and South Korea. The research results are also accompanied by recommendations for the establishment of Smart City legal regulations that could be utilized at the national level
The Legal Aspects Fulfillment of Tax Responsibilities for Micro and Small Enterprises Established as Individual Company
Get PDFAn Individual Company is a new legal entity intended for Micro and Small Enterprise (MSE) actors to obtain legal entity status. However, based on the taxation perspective, establishing an Individual Company raises the consequence of tax imposition on one party that is substantially the same entity, namely MSEs as Individuals and Individual Companies as Legal Entities. This study intends to examine the taxation responsibility attached to the Individual Company as a law entity so taxpayers can carry out their tax obligations. The study method used is normative juridical with descriptive-analytical research specifications and qualitative juridical data analysis. The results of this study indicate that MSE actors who establish themselves as Individual Companies are given Corporate Taxpayer status with all its legal consequences. Direktorat Jenderal Pajak (DJP) needs to make adjustments and relax the Rights and Obligations of Corporate Taxpayers in the form of Individual Companies so that the tax self-assessment system is still implemented effectively, easily, and efficiently for taxpayers so that it has an impact on legal certainty and increases the level of taxpayer compliance
The Legal Status of Circumstantial Evidence in the Context of Criminal Cases in Indonesia
Get PDFIn practice, there are several instances of criminal decisions that are not in accordance with the law. In such instances, the judge interprets the law or legal findings based on circumstantial evidence. As a result, the action taken does not achieve the highest degree of justice and legal certainty in a decision. This is because the decision is not based on the minimum requirements of two pieces of evidence that must be met in terms of evidence to impose a sentence. The objective of this research was to analyze the legal status of circumstantial evidence in the context of criminal cases. Our research findings indicate that the philosophy of circumstantial evidence, as it pertains to criminal procedural law, represents a form of evidence that can be considered by judges in relation to the absence of facts that are not directly visible by eyewitnesses. This evidence is intended to provide a comprehensive depiction of the truth of an event, thereby facilitating the acceptance of a reasonable account of events. Establishing circumstantial evidence is distinct from providing instructions, however. To do so, one must obtain clues from facts presented at trial in the form of witness statements, letters and statements of the accused. The ius constituendum application of circumstantial evidence in the process of proving a criminal case is to provide the judge with the authority to utilise circumstantial evidence in the process of proving a crime as an additional legal means of evidence in sentencing. The role of indirect evidence in the imposition of criminal penalties is a doctrine that is confined to be the domain of legal experts
Kajian Yudisial: Perlawanan Para Pihak (Partij Verzet) dalam Proses Eksekusi Hak Milik Atas Tanah Berdasarkan Hukum Acara Perdata
No full textCourt decisions that have legal force must be complied with, and execution carried out if the losing party does not voluntarily comply with the judgment. Issues arise when the losing party appeals or takes other legal actions, delaying execution and creating legal uncertainty. Execution is applicable only to condemnatory judgments and is often obstructed by respondent's resistance, a legal challenge from the party involved in the case. The researcher highlights three cases of legal resistance efforts: the South Jakarta District Court decision number 518/Pdt.G/1999/PN Jkt.Sel, Kendal District Court decision number 20/Pdt.Bth/2021/PN Kdl, and Kendal District Court decision number 9/Pdt.Bth/2022/PN Kdl. This study employs a normative juridical method, examining descriptive-analytical literature, and utilizes a qualitative juridical approach in analysis. The research reveals discrepancies between legal certainty theory and judicial practice, where cases may not align with facts or legal standing, leading judges to reject such requests. The study concludes that respondent's resistance is a legal recourse available to the executed party against execution, which does not automatically suspend execution unless there are clear and accepted grounds recognized by the court. The Indonesian Civil Code (HIR) and Civil Procedure Law (RBg) provide legal certainty and protect the rights of those aggrieved by court decisions through the mechanism of respondent's resistance.Putusan pengadilan yang berkekuatan hukum tetap harus dipatuhi, dan eksekusi dilakukan jika pihak yang kalah tidak memenuhi putusan secara sukarela. Masalah muncul saat pihak yang kalah mengajukan banding atau upaya hukum lain, menunda eksekusi dan menciptakan ketidakpastian hukum. Adapun, eksekusi hanya berlaku untuk putusan condemnatoir dan sering terhambat oleh partij verzet, perlawanan dari pihak berperkara. Dalam hal ini peneliti mengangkat contoh 3 (tiga) kasus mengenai upaya hukum perlawanan yaitu pada putusan Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Selatan nomor 518/Pdt.G/1999/PN Jkt.Sel, putusan Pengadilan Negeri Kendal nomor 20/Pdt.Bth/2021/PN Kdl, dan putusan Pengadilan Negeri Kendal nomor 9/Pdt.Bth/2022/PN Kdl. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan meneliti bahan pustaka yang bersifat deskriptif analitis dan juga peneliti menggunakan pendekatan yuridis kualitatif dalam melakukan analisis. Adapun penelitian ini dapat menjelaskan kesenjangan antara teori kepastian hukum dengan praktik peradilan dan perkara tidak sesuai fakta atau legal standing, yang dalam hal mana mengakibatkan hakim menolak permintaan tersebut. Adapun, hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa partij verzet atau perlawanan oleh pihak berperkara adalah upaya hukum yang dapat diajukan oleh pihak tereksekusi terhadap eksekusi, perlawanan ini tidak langsung menangguhkan eksekusi, kecuali ada alasan kuat yang tampak jelas dan diterima oleh pengadilan. Dalam hal ini HIR dan RBg telah memberikan kepastian hukum dan perlindungan hak kepada pihak yang merasa dirugikan oleh putusan pengadilan melalui mekanisme partij verzet