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The effect of artificial weathering on surface properties of thermally modified oriental beech wood
Get PDFThe study aimed to determine some surface parameters such as surface roughness and color changes of thermally modified Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis L.) wood samples after 750 hours of artificial weathering. The results of the study showed that artificial weathering led to an increase in surface roughness of Oriental beech wood. Thermal modification interval of 210 degrees C - 230 degrees C gave a smoother surface than unmodified samples after artificial weathering. Artificial weathering caused darker, reddish, and yellowish tone of unmodified and thermally modified Oriental beech wood. According to the study findings, surface properties of thermally modified Oriental beech wood were better than those of unmodified Oriental beech
Expected glycemic impact and probiotic stimulating effects of whole grain flours of buckwheat, quinoa, amaranth and chia
No full textChia, amaranth, quinoa and buckwheat grains have been widely used in food formulations because of their high and balanced nutritional properties. Since all grains are not equally nutritious, there is a requirement for comparing the health-related effects and processing performance of a variety of whole grains. The expected glycemic index (eGI) flours of chia was determined to be quite low, and flours except quinoa can be classified as low GI foods. The highest resistant starch (RS) content (4.76 g/100 g) was found in amaranth flour, and it was followed by buckwheat (1.27 g/100 g). The amaranth had the highest stimulation effect on the growth of probiotics and increased the count of L. acidophilus and B. bifidum as 4.57 and 2.26 log CFU/ml, respectively. Moreover, chia flour showed a positive effect on the growth of L. acidophilus whereas it negatively affected B. bifidum compared to the control. A significant correlation was detected between rapidly available glucose content and eGI. On the other hand, a significant relationship between RS and the growth rate of probiotics was reported
Effectiveness of flipped classroom teaching models in nursing education: A systematic review
No full textObjectives: The purpose of this systematic review was to reveal the evidence of how the method of flipped classroom was applied in nursing education and examine the results associated with this teaching method.
Data sources: Peer-reviewed studies published from 2013 to 2020 were selected from the PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct databases. Review methods: A systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA Statement Guidelines. Electronic databases were searched using a range of keywords, and the findings were integrated into a narrative synthesis. Quality appraisal was undertaken.
Results: In total, 7470 articles were retrieved including the 24 paper those were finally selected for the systematic reviews. The themes identified were: academic performance outcomes, student perceptions, activities, and structures.
Conclusions: It was determined that the flipped classroom method supported learning effectively and increased the quality of teaching. Nursing courses are suggested to be structured as flipped classrooms
Prioritizing novel wastewater-to-hydrogen production technologies based on different decision-making approaches
No full textWith the increasing population, the amount of wastewater that needs to be managed is also increasing. Population growth also increases energy demand. While treating wastewater containing organic matter and water, hydrogen energy can be produced at the same time. In this study, microbial fuel cells, dark fermentation, supercritical water gasification, and photobioreactors that produce hydrogen from wastewater have been evaluated and prioritized for the first time in terms of benefit, opportunity, cost, and risk criteria. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) technique and benefit, opportunity, cost, and risk (BOCR) model have been used to achieve this aim. In addition, a sensitivity analysis was performed to determine critical criteria for prioritizing technologies. With the analytic hierarchy process technique, it was determined that the criterion with the highest priority was benefit (53%), while the sub-criterion with the highest priority was technological development (33%) followed by operating cost (15%) and compliance with sustainability (12%). Supercritical water gasification technology was found to be the top priority with the AHP technique. In the BOCR model, dark fermentation was determined to be the highest priority technology. In the sensitivity analysis, changes in the weights of the opportunity and cost criteria showed that these criteria were critical. The results obtained show that dark fermentation, which is a technology close to the development, is preferred in the first rank because it has less risk and can produce a high rate of hydrogen. This study could spur more R&D work for researchers to industrialize this technology. It can also give an idea for different studies to researchers. Graphic abstrac
The changing structure of international trade: An evaluation of the liner shipping industry
No full textThe emergence of COVID- 19 in the Republic of China, known as the worldwide production center, caused the rapid spread of its negative effects on international trade. But the real break came when the virus reached the size of a pandemic. The expansion of the measures taken within the scope of the virus in many countries of the world caused huge decreases in global trade volumes, creating a shock effect. Each crisis, which has caused shrinkage in global trade volumes from past to present, has also caused great losses in the liner shipping industry. After the 2008 financial crisis, which caused great destruction in international trade, the commercial activities of many container shipping companies stopped their activities. In the COVID- 19 period, which has similar features to the financial crisis, container shipping companies have developed many strategies to adapt to possible crises. For this reason, the study includes the evaluation of the strategies developed by container shipping companies and the implications for the results of these strategies
Experimental investigation of the effects of arterial geometries in different severities of symmetrical stenosis on pressure drop and pump power
No full textThis study was sponsored by Atattirk University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit with the grant FCD-2019-7316.nvironmental factors and unhealthy eating damage the cardiovascular structure. This damage, blood and vessel interactions and consequent hemodynamic effects cause cardiovascular diseases. In the study, an experimental system was established by creating models for stenosis caused by environmental factors. The purpose of the experimental study presented is to investigate the effect, pressure drop, peristaltic pump inlet and outlet pressure and most importantly, the amount of power consumed by the peristaltic pump regarding arterial stenosis severity with varying areal stenosis percentages. The tests were performed for the pulse values from 54 to 168 bpm by setting up models with 0%, 60%, 70% and 80% symmetrical stenosis severities.
In the study, the pressure difference in the test area increased concomitantly with elevated pulse value and increased stenosis severity. This situation revealed that as the intensity of narrowing increases in vessels, the narrowing space differential pressure increases, and this amount increases even more with increased exertion. The pressure at the peristaltic pump outlet increased concomitantly with elevated pulse value and increased stenosis severity. The peristaltic pump overworked to overcome the increased differential pressure related to the increased pulse value and stenosis severity
Experimental investigation of the effect of cold joint on strength and durability of concrete
No full textThis study investigated the efects of cold joints on the strength and some durability properties of concrete. In the frst part
of the study, fresh concrete was poured into molds flling them half in order to create a horizontal cold joint and after 0, 60,
120 and 180 min additional concrete was poured to top of the molds. The specimens were subjected to compressive, fexural,
splitting tensile and concrete–steel rebar pullout testing. In the second part of the study, two types of concrete were prepared
to carry out durability experiments. Concrete specimens with and without cold joints were subjected to drying–wetting,
freezing–thawing and high temperatures (300, 600 and 900 °C) and subsequently tested for weight losses and splitting tensile
strengths. It was found that strength losses due to drying–wetting and freezing–thawing of specimens with cold joints were
higher than those of the specimens without cold joints. Strength losses of concretes after high temperatures showed similar
results in both types of concrete
Taxonomic evaluations on the anatomical characters of leaf and achene in Turkish Tripleurospermum with its relative Matricaria (Asteraceae)
No full textTripleurospermum is a typically Mediterranean genus with ca. 40 species. It is widespread and diverse in Turkey
with ca. 32 taxa, of which 12 are provided anatomical traits of both leaf and achene/cypsela, previously. In
addition, the leaf anatomy of endemic T. baytopianum as well as the achene anatomy of endemic T. rosellum var.
album with diploid cytotype are presented from Turkey. In this study, the anatomy of both leaf and achene of 15
taxa as well as achene anatomy of T. baytopianum and T. rosellum var. album with tetraploid cytotype were
described in detail from Turkey. The leaf and achene anatomical characteristics of Turkish Tripleurospermum and
its closely related genus Matricaria using multivariate analyses (cluster analysis, principal components analysis)
were evaluated in taxonomic context. Additional data of further species of Tripleurospermum as well as Matricaria
(four taxa) were taken from the literature for multivariate analyses. All studied taxa have the basic leaf structure
with lower and upper epidermis including anomocytic stomata, parenchymatic mesophyll, and vascular bundle.
The pericarp is composed of several layers of parenchymatous and sclerenchymatous cells with one vascular
bundle in each rib. The thickness of palisade sclerenchyma in the pericarp, the vascular bundle length in the
midrib of the leaf, and presence or absence of a slime envelope have high taxonomic value at interspecific/
intergeneric levels
In vitro inhibition studies of coumarin derivatives on Bos taurus enolase and elucidating their interaction by molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations and MMGB(PB)SA binding energy calculation
No full textTropical theileriosis is among the most common vector-borne diseases and caused by Theileria parasites. Theileria annulata is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite and transmitted to especially Bos taurus and Bos indicus by Hyalomma tick vectors. C8 ([4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6,7-dihydroxy-2H-chromen-2-one); C9 (4-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7,8 dihydroxy-2H-chromen-2-one); C21 (4-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-6,7-dihydroxy-2H-chromen-2 one) were identified as potent Theileria annulata enolase (TaEno) inhibitors in our previous studies. An ideal drug compound must inhibit the target parasite enzyme without inhibiting its homolog in the host. In this study, the inhibitory effect of the compounds previously evaluated on TaEno were tested on the host Bos taurus enolase (BtEno3) by in vitro studies. The interactions of enzyme-coumarin and enzyme-coumarin-substrate by in silico studies were also performed. All of the coumarin derivatives tested showed very low inhibitory effects on B. taurus enolase; 36,87% inhibition at 100 μM concentration for C8, 8,13% inhibition at 100 μM concentration for C9 and 77,69 μM of IC50 value for C21. In addition, these three coumarin derivatives and substrate 2PG were docked into the BtEno3 using molecular docking methods. Molecular interactions between enolase-coumarin and enolase-coumarin-substrate complexes were analyzed using molecular dynamics simulation methods for 100 ns. Estimated free energy of bindings of the substrate 2PG and coumarin derivatives to the BtEno3 were calculated by MM-GB(PB)SA methods. In comparison to the inhibition studies performed on TaEno, C8 and C9 coumarin derivatives remain the possible inhibitor candidates as they inhibit the host enolase at very high concentrations. These two promising compounds will be further analyzed by in vitro and in vivo studies towards developing an alternative drug against tropical theileriosis
Management of the control against forest pests in Artvin spruce forests
No full textForests have been decreasing in number and volume constantly since the oldest detectable date. Although human behaviors constitute the main responsible factor for this decrease, pests, such as insects, fungi, etc. also cause significant destruction in this respect. Approximately 50 harmful insect species are effective in our country's forests every year, and the control against these pests is carried out in about 500 thousand hectares of land. It is vital that authorities become aware of the threats occurring in forest areas, such as fires, insect outbreaks, etc., as soon as possible and initiate the control with the support of the public. There is a need to increase the level of knowledge and awareness of all segments of the society in this regard. On the other hand, tools, such as facilities established in forest areas, traps, and bird nests in forest areas to control pests, should also be protected, or at least not damaged by people living in the environment or by those somehow visiting these areas. In recent years, it has been observed that insects, which cause more damage to forests more than fires, have caused significant economic losses in forest enterprises. These harmful bark beetles cause great destruction and loss of wealth in spruce forests in Artvin region, which is one of the most damaged places in this respect. In this study, the province of Artvin where insect damage is experienced was selected. The methods of combating forest pests that damage spruce trees of the forestry organization working in the province of Artvin and their management methods have been examined and evaluated. The effects of the changes in the forest organization structure on the combat management and the situation in the legal legislation have been examined. In addition, a survey was conducted with 100 people to learn about the behavior and attitudes of the local people on this issue. Authorities must first act with the people of the area to be successful in protecting forests. People of the area should be informed about the control carried out by the forest administration, and their contribution should be considered. In this way, the level of success will increase in this control. In addition, a more effective forest organization structure is required for a successful control. © 2021, African Association of Insect Scientists