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Repeated school suspensions: who receives them, what reasons are given, and how students fare
No full textAlthough out-of-school school suspensions have been correlated with negative school outcomes, they are still a common formal response given to students whose behavior is deemed problematic. Being suspended multiple times within an academic year results in students losing even more instructional time. In this study, we used longitudinal data for students from elementary to high school to examine: (a) demographic characteristics of students who received repeated out-of-school suspensions across six consecutive years, (b) common infractions that resulted in those school suspensions, and (c) the relationship between repeated suspensions and students’ later academic and behavior outcomes. We found that a high number of male and Black students, as well as students with disabilities, received repeated suspensions with minor infractions reported as the most common reasons. Regression analyses revealed a significant and negative relationship between repeated suspensions in the early grades and the number of suspensions students received in secondary school
Opiniones de los administradores educativos sobre su conciencia sobre la planificación educativa
Get PDFThe purpose of this research was to determine administrators' views on their awareness of educational planning, purpose, benefits and problems they encounter with it. It was also aimed to find out if the administrators received education and training in educational planning. The research employed a qualitative phenomenological research design. The participants were 15 administrators who were determined with a maximum diversity method. The data were gathered with semi-structured interview technique and analyzed with descriptive analysis approach. Results revealed that most administrators received in-service training or education in educational planning, underlined numerous benefits, and they are aware of the importance of it. It was also discovered that although some administrators encounter problems, they consider educational planning as an important tool to achieve organizational goals
The relationship between income ınequality and energy consumption: a pareto optimal approach
Get PDFThis paper analyzes the relationship between income distribution and energy consumption from a Pareto optimal approach. For this purpose,
the causality relationship between electricity consumption per capita (kWh) with respect to country groups and energy consumption per
capita (kg of oil equivalent) along with gross domestic product per capita was analyzed. In addition to this purpose, a Pareto analysis was
conducted to determine the countries with the highest per capita national income, how much of the world total energy they consume, and
whether the law of power in the energy and electricity markets exists. Finally, the impact of official development assistance provided to
low-income countries by high-income countries on the low-income countries’ electricity and energy consumption was analyzed. In other
words, it was questioned whether pareto redistribution policies serve the purpose or not. The Engle-Granger causality approach was used in
the analysis of the causality relationship between variables. Our analysis indicated that, first, the energy data of the country groups may be
inadequate in revealing income inequalities. Second, the existence of Pareto law of power and global income inequality can be explained
based on energy data. Finally, Pareto optimal redistribution policies to eliminate income inequality remain inadequate in practice
A weak Galerkin finite element method for time fractional reaction-diffusion-convection problems with variable coefficients
Get PDFIn this paper, a weak Galerkin finite element method for solving the time fractional reaction-convection diffusion problem is proposed. We use the well known L1 discretization in time and a weak Galerkin finite element method on uniform mesh in space. Both continuous and discrete time weak Galerkin finite element method are considered and analyzed. The stability of the discrete time scheme is proved. The error estimates for both schemes are given. Finally, we give some numerical experiments to show the efficiency of the proposed method
Psychological first aid and practice principles in the coronavirus (covid-19) outbreak process
Get PDFThe coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) epidemic, which has recently become common in the world, caused many people to die. The World Health Organization has declared COVID-19 as a pandemic. Pandemic situations disrupt community life by creating collective stress in society. It is known that after the pandemics, there is an increase in the symptoms of anxiety, depression, stress and post-traumatic stress disorder, and the symptoms gain resistance and turn into permanent mental disorders. Psychosocial interventions are recommended using internet technology to prevent the negative consequences of pandemics from turning into permanent mental disorders. At this point, psychological first aid (PFA) is the first and emergency psychosocial support intervention. PFA helps individuals to recover by activating their own coping skills with empathic and pragmatic approaches. PFA can be given using internet technology as physical distance is mandatory during virus outbreaks. In this review study, the principles and practices of PFA that can be applied in the case of COVID-19 epidemic, which has been seen all over the world recently and caused the death of many people. This review article is thought to guide aid providers in epidemic situations and contribute to the development of aid skills.Son zamanlarda dünyada yaygın görülmeye başlayan koronavirüs
(COVID-19) salgını çok sayıda insanın yaşamını yitirmesine
neden olmuştur. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü COVID-19 enfeksiyonunu
pandemi olarak ilan etmiştir. Pandemiler, toplumda kolektif
stres yaratarak toplum yaşamını sekteye uğratabilmektedir.
Yaşanan pandemiler sonrasında toplumda anksiyete, depresyon
ve travma sonrası stres bozukluğu belirtilerinde artışlar olduğu ve
belirtilerin direnç kazanarak kalıcı ruhsal bozukluklara dönüştüğü
bilinmektedir. Pandemilerin olumsuz sonuçlarının kalıcı ruhsal
bozukluklara dönüşmesinin engellenmesi için internet teknolojisini
kullanarak psikososyal müdahalelerin yapılması önerilmektedir.
Bu noktada ilk ve acil psikososyal destek müdahalesi psikolojik
ilk yardımdır (PİY). Psikolojik ilk yardım empatik ve pragmatik
yaklaşımlar ile bireylerin kendi baş etme yeteneklerini harekete
geçirerek iyileşmelerine yardımcı olur. Psikolojik ilk yardım virüs
salgınları sırasında fiziksel mesafe zorunlu olduğu için internet
teknolojisi kullanılarak verilebilmektedir. Bu derleme çalışmasında
son günlerde tüm dünyada görülen ve çok sayıda insanın ölümüne
neden olan COVID-19 salgını durumunda uygulanabilecek
psikolojik ilk yardım ilke ve uygulamaları açıklanmaktadır. Bu
derleme yazısının, salgın durumlarında yardım sağlayıcılarına
rehberlik edeceği ve yardım becerilerinin gelişimine katkı
sağlayabileceği düşünülmektedir
On the Burr XII-moment exponential distribution
Get PDFIn this study, a new flexible lifetime model called Burr XII moment exponential (BXII-ME) distribution is introduced. We derive some of its mathematical properties including the ordinary moments, conditional moments, reliability measures and characterizations. We employ different estimation methods such as the maximum likelihood, maximum product spacings, least squares, weighted least squares, Cramer-von Mises and Anderson-Darling methods for estimating the model parameters. We perform simulation studies on the basis of the graphical results to see the performance of the above estimators of the BXII-ME distribution. We verify the potentiality of the BXII-ME model via monthly actual taxes revenue and fatigue life applications
Assessing forest fires in the north eastern anatolia with long term meteorological parameters
Get PDFThis study examines the relationship between number of forest fires and burned areas, and meteorological parameters between 1987
and 2020 in the North Eastern Region of Turkey. A total of 1560 forest fires affecting 7340.7 ha forested lands within the border of
Giresun, Trabzon and Artvin Regional Forest Directorate were analysed with historic mean annual temperature, relative humidity,
wind speed, total annual rainfall and calculated Sweden Angstrom Index for a period of 1987-2020. Results indicated that total annual
number of fires were positively correlated with mean annual temperature, and negatively correlated with mean annual relative humidity
and total annual rainfall. No significant relationship was found between the total annual number of fires and the annual average wind
speed. The lower Angstrom index values indicate high risk of fires and significant negative correlation was found between total annual
number of fires and Angstrom index values. No significant relationship was found between the total annual burned area and annual
average temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and Angstrom Index values, however, a significant negative correlation was found
with the total annual rainfall. The linear diminishing trend in the values of Angstrom Index and increasing trend in the number of fires
from 1987 to 2020 in North Eastern Anatolia indicated that forest fires may become a major problem for forested lands in the North
Eastern Region of Turkey in the future.Bu çalışmada, Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesinde 1987-2020 yılları arasında gerçekleşen orman yangınlarına ilişkin yangın sayısı ve yanan
alan miktarları ile uzun dönem meteorolojik parametreler arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, Giresun, Trabzon ve Artvin
Orman Bölge Müdürlüğü sınırlarında 1987-2020 yılları arasında gerçekleşen ve 7340,7 hektar alanda etkili olan 1560 orman yangını
ile yıllık ortalama sıcaklık, bağıl nem, rüzgâr hızı, yıllık toplam yağış miktarları ve hesaplanan İsveç Angström Yangın İndeks değerleri
analiz edilmiştir. Sonuçlar incelendiğinde, yıllık yangın sayısı ile yıllık ortalama sıcaklık değerleri arasında anlamlı pozitif, bağıl nem
ve yağış miktarı arasında ise anlamlı negatif korelasyon elde edilmiştir. Yıllık yangın sayısı ile yıllık ortalama rüzgâr hızı arasında
anlamlı bir ilişki bulunamamıştır. Angström yangın indeks değeri azaldıkça yangın riski artmaktadır. Yapılan korelasyon analizi
sonucunda yangın sayısı ile Angström İndeks değerleri arasında anlamlı negatif korelasyon elde edilmiştir. Yanan alan miktarı ile
yıllık ortalama sıcaklık, bağıl nem, rüzgâr ve Angström İndeksi değerleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunamamış, yıllık toplam yağış
miktarı ile anlamlı negatif korelasyon elde edilmiştir. Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi 1987-2020 yılları arasındaki Angström yangın indeks
değerlerindeki azalan eğilim ve artan yangın sayıları değerlendirildiğinde, gelecekte yangınların bölge ormanlarında önemli bir
orman koruma problemi oluşturabileceği öngörülebilmektedir
GIS based spatiotemporal comparation between SPI and CZI drought ındex: a case study of Burdur Lake Basin
Get PDFSon yıllarda su kaynakları üzerinde iklim değişikliğinin olumsuz etkileri daha fazla gözlenmeye başlamıştır. Burdur Gölü havzasında
da yağışların azalmasına bağlı olarak özellikle yüzey sularında ciddi miktarlarda hacim kayıpları söz konusudur. Bu çalışmada,
standartlaştırılmış yağış indeksi (SPI) ve Çin Z indeksi (CZI) yöntemleri kullanılarak havzaya yönelik kuraklık analizleri yapılmıştır.
Bunun için havza içerisinde ve çevresinde bulunan 6 farklı meteoroloji istasyonuna ait yağış verileri kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca SPI ve CZI
indeksleri arasındaki ilişkiler istatistiksel olarak ortaya konulmuştur. Burdur Meteoroloji istasyonunda en uzun kuraklık döneminin 24
aylık zaman ölçeğinde SPI yöntem ile yapılan analizlerde 1612 gün ile 1951 yılının Ocak ayından itibaren yaşandığı, bununla birlikte
en şiddetli kuraklığın ise 1989 yılının Ocak ayından itibaren 70.027 şiddetinde 2250 gün sürdüğü belirlenmiştir. Aynı meteoroloji
istasyonunda Çin Z indeksi kullanılarak yapılan kuraklık analizlerine göre ise en uzun kuraklık dönemlerinin 1989 yılının Ocak ayından
itibaren 70.782 şiddetinde 1553 gün sürdüğü belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre 2019 yılında Burdur Gölü çevresi ile havzanın
güneyinde orta ve hafif kuraklıklar tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca her iki yöntemin R2 değerleri (0.96-0.98) oldukça yüksek olup birbirlerine
çok yakın indeks değerleri hesaplanmıştır.In recent years, the negative effects of climate change on water resources have been observed. Due to the decrease in precipitation in
the Burdur Lake basin, there is serious volume loss especially in surface waters. In this study, basin drought analysis was performed
using standardized precipitation index (SPI) and China Z index (CZI) methods. For this, precipitation data of 6 different meteorological
stations located in and around the basin were used. In addition, the relationships between SPI and CZI indices are statistically revealed.
In Burdur Meteorology station, it was determined that the longest drought period was experienced in the 24-month time scale with the
SPI method since January 1951 with 1612 days. However, the most severe drought has been determined to have lasted 2250 days with
a severity of 70.027 since January 1989. According to the drought analysis using the China Z index at the same meteorology station,
the longest drought periods were 1553 days since January 1989, with a severity of 70.782. According to the obtained results, medium
and mild droughts were detected around the Burdur Lake and south of the basin in 2019. In addition, the R2
values of both methods
(0.96-0.98) are quite high and very close index values were calculated
Crowdsourcing-based application to solve the problem of insufficient training data in deep learning-based classification of satellite images
No full textIn order to solve insufficient training data problem in remote sensing, a web platform was created so that registered users can generate labeled data for various classes in a dynamic structure. Users were asked to select representative pixel groups for the forest, hazelnut, shadow, soil, tea, and building classes with the polygon tool, and then assign a class label corresponding to each created polygon thanks to the help document displaying descriptive information regarding the locations, colors, textures and distributions of the classes in the image. Crowdsourcing was again used to test the accuracy of the tagged data produced by crowdsourcing. The created data set was overlaid with the original WV-2 image, and the correctness of the labels of the polygons was once visually verified. Finally, the WV-2 image, consisting of 40 patches, was classified with CNN and an average of over 95% accuracy was achieved
COVID-19 Salgını Erken Dönemlerinde Genel Popülasyonda Uyku Kalitesini Etkileyen Etmenlerin Belirlenmesi
Get PDFObjective: This study aimed to determine the factors affecting sleep quality in the general population during the early phase of the Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study and included 595 people who were surveyed online. The data were collected through the "socio-demographic characteristics form", "Pittsburgh Sleep Quality index" and "Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale-7".
Results: In this study, sleep quality among individuals was found to be poor, and as the level of generalised anxiety increased, sleep quality decreased. Sleep quality was found to be poor those living in urban areas and those with chronic diseases.
Conclusion: The results of the study can be used to develop therapeutic strategies and implement social policies to support people with sleep difficulties.Amaç: Bu çalışma Koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 (COVID-19) salgını erken
dönemlerinde genel popülasyonda uyku kalitesini etkileyen etmenlerin
belirlenmesi amacı ile planlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma kesitsel tipte olup “online survey”
(çevrimiçi anket) ile ulaşılan 595 kişi ile tamamlanmıştır. Veriler ‘‘sosyodemografik özellikler formu”, “Pittsburgh Uyku Kalitesi indeksi”, “Yaygın
Anksiyete Bozukluğu ölçeği-7” ile toplanmıştır.
Bulgular: Bu çalışmada bireylerin uyku kalitesi kötü olup, yaygın anksiyete
düzeyi arttıkça uyku kalitesi azalmaktadır. Kentsel bölgede yaşayanlarda
ve kronik hastalığı olanlarda uyku kalitesi kötü bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Sonuçlar, bu süreçte uyku güçlüğü çeken bireyleri desteklemek
için terapötik stratejilerin geliştirilmesi ve sosyal politikaların uygulanması
için kullanılabili