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Topoğrafik ve klimatik değişkenlerden yararlanarak toprak özelliklerinin tahmin edilmesi
Get PDFAim of study: The present study aimed to model soil physical and chemical properties through multiple
linear and regression tree techniques.
Area of study: The study area is located between 41,07 – 41,33 N latitude and 41,74 – 42,27 E longitude in
Artvin, which is in the Colchis part of the Black Sea Region of Turkey.
Material and methods: The multiple linear regression and regression tree models were used to predict soil
properties using topographic and climatic features as independent variables. Besides, the relationships between
soil properties and independent variables were determined by Pearson correlation.
Main results: The study results revealed that model accuracy by regression tree generally was higher than
those of multiple linear regression. Up to 56% and 59% of the variance in soil properties was accounted for by
multiple linear regression and regression tree, respectively. The easting, northing, elevation, and minimum
temperature parameters were key drivers of both models. Increasing soil depth significantly increased the pH
and reduced the organic carbon, total nitrogen, and carbon/nitrogen ratio.
Highlights: Topographic and climatic variables accounted for Up to 59% and 56% of the variance in soil
properties such as texture, pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen, and carbon/nitrogen ratio by regression tree and
multiple linear regression techniques. The most influential factors on soil properties were the minimum
temperature, latitude, actual
evapotranspiration, mean temperature, distance to the ridge, and radiation index.Çalışmanın amacı: Bu çalışma ile toprağa ilişkin bazı fiziksel ve kimyasal özelliklerin çoklu doğrusal
regresyon ve regresyon ağacı tekniklerinden yararlanılarak modellenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Çalışma alanı: Çalışma alanı Karadeniz bölgesinin kolşik kesiminde yer alan Artvin ili sınırları içerisinde
ve 41,07 – 41,33 K enlemleri ile 41,74 – 42,27 D boylamları arasında bulunmaktadır.
Materyal ve yöntem: Toprak özelliklerinin tahmin edilmesinde çoklu doğrusal regresyon ve regresyon
ağacı modelleri kullanılırken, toprak özellikleri ile bağımsız değişkenler arasındaki ilişki ise Pearson
korelasyonu ile belirlenmiştir.
Temel sonuçlar: Regresyon ağacı modellerinin doğruluğu çoklu doğrusal regresyon modellerininkine göre
daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Toprak özelliklerindeki değişimin en fazla %56 ile %59’luk bir kısmı sırasıyla
doğrusal regresyon ve regresyon ağacı modelleri ile açıklanabilmiştir. Her iki model için de en önemli
değişkenler boylam, enlem, yükselti ve en düşük sıcaklık olarak belirlenmiştir. Toprak derinliğinin artmasına
bağlı olarak pH anlamlı bir şekilde artarken, organik karbon, toplam azot ve karbon/azot oranı azalmıştır.
Araştırma vurguları: Regresyon ağacı modelleri toprak özelliklerindeki değişimi %59’a varan bir oranda,
doğrusal regresyon modelleri ise %56’ya varan bir oranda açıklamıştır. Toprak özelliklerini tahminde en
belirleyici değişkenler en düşük sıcaklık, enlem, gerçek evapotranspirasyon, ortalama sıcaklık, sırta olan
uzaklık ve radyasyon indeksi olarak belirlenmişti
Nearest solution to references method for multicriteria decision-making problems
Get PDFIn MCDM problems, the decision maker is often ready to adopt the closest solution to the reference values in a choice or ranking problem. The reference values represent the desired results as established subjectively by the decision maker or determined through various scientific tools. In a criterion, the reference value could be the maximum value, the minimum value, or a specific value or range. Also, the acceptances degrees of ranges outside the reference may differ from each other in a criterion. Furthermore, measurements in a criterion may have been obtained with any of the nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio scales. For the decision problems, including qualitative criteria, the solution cannot be achieved without scaling of criteria with the existing MCDM methods. The purpose of this study is to propose the Nearest Solution to References (REF) Method, a novel reference-based MCDM method, for the solution of decision problems having mixed data structure where references can be determined for criteria
A suprising dragonfly record from Black Sea Region of Turkey: Selysiothemis nigra (Insecta: Odonata)
Get PDFBu çalışmada, Türkiye’de dağılımı bilinen Selysiothemis nigra’nın bölgesel olarak ilginç bir kaydı
verilmiştir. Orta Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde bulunan Samsun İli’nden iki tane dişi örnek toplanmış ve birçok
erkek ve dişi örnek gözlenmiştir. Bu tür Karadeniz Bölgesi için yeni kayıttır. Ayrıca bu kayıt, Türkiye’de
türün bilinen dağılımına ve türün bölgedeki göç rotasına yeni veriler sağlamaktadır.In this study, it was given regionally interesting record of Selysiothemis nigra that its distribution
known from Turkey. Two females were collected and observed many males and females from Samsun
province in the Middle Black Sea Region of Turkey. This species is new record for the Black Sea Region.
In addition, the present record are to provide new data on known distribution of the species in Turkey
and to its migration route in the region
Dietary high-fructose reduces barrier proteins and activates mitogenic signalling in the testis of a rat model: Regulatory effects of kefir supplementation
No full texthere are limited data on the influence of fructose rich diet on the male reproductive system. Kefir may have health beneficial effects, but its mechanism of action remains mostly unclear. Herein, we investigated the impact of dietary high fructose on tight junction proteins and mitogenic pathways in rat testis as well as their modulation by kefir supplementation. Twenty-two male Wistar rats (4 weeks old) were divided into the following three groups: Control; Fructose; Fructose + Kefir. Fructose was added to drinking water at concentration of 20% and administered to the rats for 15 weeks and kefir was supplemented by gavage once a day during final 6 weeks. Dietary fructose-induced testicular degeneration was associated with the downregulation of the blood–testis barrier proteins, claudin-11 and N-cadherin as well as SIRT1 expression in testicular tissue of rats. However, p38MAPK, p-p38MAPK and p-ERK1/2 levels were increased in testis of fructose-fed rats. Interestingly, JNK1 and p-JNK1 protein levels were decreased following this dietary intervention. Raf1, ERK1/2, and caspase 3 and TUNEL staining of the testis reveal the activation of apoptosis due to fructose intake. Kefir supplementation markedly promoted the expression of claudin-11, SIRT1, JNK1 and p-JNK1 but suppressed testicular mitogenic and apoptotic factors in fructose-fed rats
Creative strategies in navigating the new normal: advancing the contributions of the ISPRS student consortium as an internatıonal organization
Get PDF17 June 2021 2021 24th ISPRS Congress on Imaging Today, Foreseeing Tomorrow, Commission V and Youth ForumNice5 July 2021 through 9 July 2021Code 174094The International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Student Consortium (ISPRS SC) is an international student organization representing the youth in the ISPRS. The COVID-19 pandemic adversely affected students and young professionals around the world because of country-wide lockdowns and comprehensive quarantine and social distancing measures. This situation led to the implementation of distance learning and remote work. The Consortium organized different activities in support of students and young professionals during the global health crisis. Despite the challenges and necessary adjustments, the unprecedented situation helped the organization adapt to change and encouraged us to revisit our roles as an international organization. The ISPRS SC hosts and coordinates activities and events both in person and online, including the Webinar Series, the publication of the SpeCtrum and the summer schools. During the pandemic, we improved our existing activities to provide support to our members and to the scientific community in general as we navigate major lifestyle changes and become more adept in using technology in our day-to-day lives. We also introduced new initiatives such as the Virtual Rooms and the GeoMixer, and continued to work in partnership with different organizations in remote sensing, photogrammetry and spatial information science. Moreover, we continued to strengthen our connection to the ISPRS through a collaboration with the ISPRS White Elephant Club and for a special event honouring one of the most important figures in the Society and in the profession. With all these activities organized during this challenging time, the Consortium experienced growth in terms of organizing and improving its activities, our roles as an international organization, and our online presence. The Consortium has also taken steps for continuity and sustained relevance to both the youth and ISPRS
Effect of growing altitude, particle drying temperature and press temperature on some technological properties of particleboard produced from black alder wood
No full textThis study investigated the effects of the growing altitude, particle drying temperature and press temperature on some technological properties of particleboard produced from black alder wood. The particles were produced from wood taken from the KTÜ Campus and from Çamoba in Trabzon. Production and tests of the experimental particleboards were carried out at Kastamonu Integrated Wood Company. In production of the particleboards, wood from different growing altitudes [50 m and 250 m] was used, and different drying temperatures [120 and 150 °C] and press temperatures [150 and 200 °C] were applied. Mechanical, physical and anatomical properties of the produced boards were investigated. According to the results, the mechanical properties deteriorate when the altitude increases. Increasing the particle drying temperature and press temperature had a positive effect on dimensional stability. A high press temperature improved the mechanical properties of the boards. In addition, growing altitude had an effect on anatomical properties: when the altitude increased, the diameter of vessels narrowed, the number of vessels per mm2 increased, and fiber length decreased. This resulted in a deterioration in mechanical properties at the higher altitude
Availability of some environmental wastes and natural fibers in composites
Get PDFEkonomik ve çevreye duyarlı kompozit malzemeler üretmek gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerin
öncelikleri arasında yer almaktadır. Çevre kirliliğini minimize edecek çalışmalar yapılarak doğal
kaynakların daha etkin kullanımını sağlamak mümkündür. Atıkların geri dönüşümü ile ekonomik
kazancın yanı sıra sürdürülebilir bir kalkınma hedeflenmektedir. Atık motor yağı, atık bitkisel yağ ve
atık gazete kâğıdı lifleri de bu kapsama girmektedir. Bu derlemede atıkların kompozitlerde kullanılması
ile hem ülkemize katma değer sağlanacak hem de çevresel açıdan kaliteli ürünlerle iç ve dış piyasada
rekabet gücümüzü arttıracak tamamen atıktan üretilmiş bir kompozit üretimi gibi çevresel bir yaklaşım
sunulmuştur. Bu çalışma ile atıkların nasıl değerlendirilmesi hususu tartışılarak mevcut problemlerin
çözümünü hedefleyen çevre dostu bir ürün kazandırılması zorunluluğu gelecekteki çevreye duyarlı
araştırma çalışmalarına ilgi duyanlara ışık tutacaktır.It is among the priorities of developed and developing countries to produce economical and
environmentally friendly composite materials. It is possible that more efficient use of natural resources
is to be ensured by carrying out studies to minimize environmental pollution. A sustainable
development is aimed as well as economic gain with the recycling of wastes. Waste motor oil, vegetable
oil and newsprint fibers are also included in this scope. In this review, an ecological approach that will
provide value to our country and increase our competitiveness in the domestic and foreign markets
with environmentally quality products produced by using wastes in composites is presented. With this
study, the obligation to acquire an environmentally friendly product that targets the solution of the
problems related to wastes assessment will shed light on those interested in future environmentally
sensitive research studies
Ethnoveterinary and fodder plants used among transhumant communities around Georgia-Turkey border, in the western lesser caucasus
No full textBackground: Livestock are an integral part of the transhumant life in the Caucasus. Maintaining the health and wellbeing of the animals has been a critical responsibility for pastoral communities. This study presents the wild plant species used for ethnoveterinary and fodder purposes by transhumant people on the both sides of Georgia- Turkey border. Methods: During two summers (2017–2018), 119 participants were interviewed (74 in Turkey and 45 in Georgia) with semi-structured questionnaires. Cultural importance index (CI) and Relative frequency of citation (RFC) were used to evaluate the relative importance of species among communities. Results: In total 113 citations of 38 wild plant species for ethnoveterinary purposes, and 186 citations of 61 wild plant species as fodder were obtained in the study area. The most important species in ethnoveterinary were Veratrum album and Achillea millefolium in Georgia, and Veratrum album and Picea orientalis in Turkey. Aerial parts of the plants were the most frequently used part in Georgia while the root was in Turkey. Gastrointestinal problems were the most commonly mentioned diseases in Georgia while dermatological and parasitic diseases in Turkey. The majority of the plant species were mentioned to treat the ailments of cattle (37 species). Fabaceae, Polygonaceae and Asteraceae were the most mentioned families used as fodder in both countries. There were also several plants used as bedding for livestock and against evil eye in the study area. Conclusions: Pastoral way of life in the Western Lesser Caucasus still reflects living evidence of plant-based traditional ethnoveterinary knowledge and practices to support the health of livestock. The results of this study could be a base for future ethnoveterinary and animal feed research and contribute to organic animal husbandry in the region
Inspiration by nature in spatial design: transformation from Armadillo to an emergency shelter
Get PDFBu çalışmanın temel amacı, mekansal tasarımlarda doğadan esinlenme bilincini artırmaktır. Günümüzde
çok önemli olan sürdürülebilirlik kavramı ve onun öneminin anlaşılması ile tasarım kriterleri sıralanırken
doğadan esinlenen tasarım ilkelerinin düşünülmesi hedeflenmektedir. Sorgulamanın artması ile birlikte
çevresel döngüyü destekleyen en azından doğa ile uyumlu mekân tasarımlarının artışı sağlanmalıdır. Bu
amaçlar doğrultusunda, zırhlı bir memeli olan armadillonun üç bantlı savunma mekanizmasından
esinlenerek bir acil durum barınağı tasarım çalışması yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmada öncelikle acil durum
barınaklarının fonksiyonel özellikleri ile ilgili literatür incelenmiştir. Böylece, bu tür yapıların
depolanmasında ve taşınmasında hafiflik ve az yer tutmanın çok önemli olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Ayrıca,
çalışmada armadillonun koruma sisteminden esinlenerek acil durum barınakları için çözüm önerileri
geliştirilmiş ve tasarım süreci tamamlanmıştır.The main purpose of this study is to increase the awareness of inspiration by nature in spatial designs.
With the understanding of the concept of sustainability and its importance, which is very important
today, it has been aimed to consider the design principles inspired by nature while listing the design
criteria. With the increase of questioning, at least the increase of spatial designs in harmony with
nature supporting the environmental cycle should be provided. For these purposes, a conceptual
design of emergency shelter was carried out through inspiration by the three-banded defense
mechanism of the armadillo, an armored mammal. In this study, literature regarding the functional
characteristics of emergency shelters was initially reviewed. Thus, it was found out that lightness and
less spatial footprint were very important in the storage and transportation of such structures. In the
study, solution proposals were also developed for emergency shelters through inspiration by the
defense system of the armadillo, and the design process was completed
Relationship between pinning mechanism and excess conductivity analysis of x wt% C4H6O5 (x=0.0, 4.0, and 6.0)-added bulk MgB2
No full textThe influence of x wt% C4H6O5 (malic acid) (x = 0.0, 4.0, and 6.0) addition on excess conductivity in bulk MgB2 superconductors were fabricated by two-step solid-state reaction method. Resistivity measurements were carried out as a function of temperature starting from the room temperature at 0 T magnetic field. The electrical resistivity measurements did not show any significant change on T-c with the increasing addition ratio. Estimated alpha is a coefficient related with the intrinsic electronic interaction was found approximately the same value for added sample but pure sample was found to be lower; indicating increasing electronic interactions with addition. For the analysis of the excess conductivity, Aslamazov and Larkin (AL) model was used and the impacts of C4H6O5 additions on the excess conductivity of MgB2 have been investigated. The samples indicated the existence of three distinct fluctuation regimes above and near to T-c. The samples with x wt% malic acid additions (x = 4.0 and 6.0) showed 2D character such as exhibited by the HTSs, while the pure MgB2 sample exhibited the 3D nature. While the T-LD was not observed for pure sample, it was observed for malic acid-added samples. Also, the temperature value increased leading to growing pinning capability with the increasing addition ratio. Flux pinning mechanisms in MgB2 superconductor were analyzed and discussed in detail. Normal point pinning and surface pinning of flux pinning mechanisms were found to be effective in MgB2 superconductors. In addition, while all samples exhibited normal point pinning in the low magnetic field region, it was observed that the pinning mechanism shifted to the surface pinning with the increasing addition rate in the high magnetic field region. In the malic acid-added samples in which the agglomeration occurred, a dominant 2D fluctuation was observed while the 1D fluctuation was observed in the pure sample. Because the agglomeration causes existing of effective pinning centers, 2D fluctuations dominate in the malic acid-added samples