Artvin Coruh University

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    3161 research outputs found

    Accuracy assessment of direct georeferencing UAV images with onboard global navigation satellite system and comparison of CORS/RTK surveying methods

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    The chestnut gall wasp, Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) is one of the most important insect pests of chestnut. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize bacteria from D. kuriphilus to obtain new microbial agents for both biological control and other biotechnological applications. D. kuriphilus larvae were collected from chestnut fields located in Bursa and Yalova provinces of Marmara Region of Turkey during May–July 2014. Four bacterial isolates were obtained from D. kuriphilus. According to their morphological, biochemical and molecular properties, these isolates were identified as Staphylococcus saprophyticus (Dk1), Paenibacillus sp. (Dk2), Pseudomonas flourescens (Dk3) and Paenibacillus sp. (Dk4). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on the bacterial flora of D. kuriphilus. In our study, the potential of these isolates as a biological control agent against different hazardous pests and other possible biotechnological applications of importance were discussed under the light of literature

    Investigation of in vitro and in silico effects of some novel carbazole Schiff bases on human carbonic anhydrase isoforms I and II

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    Carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC4.2.1.1) are metalloenzymes that catalyse reversible hydration reaction of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate and protons. In recent years, there has been a great interest in inhibitors/activators of carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes. Therefore, we investigated the effects of four different carbazole Schiff base derivatives, which are believed to have a potential to be used as a drug, on human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) isoenzymes I and II under in vitro conditions. The IC50 values of carbazole Schiff base derivatives were found to be in the range of 32.09-151.2 μM for hCA isoenzyme I and 21.82-40.54 μM for hCA isoenzyme II. Among all compounds, (E)-3-(((9-Octyl-9H-carbazole-3-yl)imino)methyl)benzene-1,2-diol (C3) had the strongest inhibitory effect on hCA isoenzyme II. It was determined that 2,3,4-trimethoxy and 4-hydroxy phenyl containing carbazole compounds have selective inhibition against hCA II isoenzyme. Docking studies were performed against hCA I and II receptors using induced-fit docking method. The compounds had affinity scores varying from -7.74 ± 0.27 to -6.27 ± 0.07 kcal/mol for hCA I and from -8.04 ± 0.17 to -7.27 ± 0.18 kcal/mol for hCA II.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma

    Spatial characteristics of ecological and health risks of toxic heavy metal pollution from road dust in the Black Sea coast of Turkey

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    The purpose of this study was to investigate the toxic heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) concentrations of dust samples from the Black Sea coastal road in the north of Turkey. The Black Sea coastal road was represented by 50 sampling sites. The highest average concentrations were identified in Ordu for Cd (0.4 mg kg−1), Cu (132 mg kg−1), and Zn (457 mg kg−1), Samsun for Cr (59 mg kg−1) and Ni (46 mg kg−1), and Artvin for Pb (59 mg kg−1). The analysis of the environmental pollution risk levels of heavy metals was evaluated with the geo-accumulation index (Igeo), pollution assessment indexes (CF and NIPI) and pollution load indexes (PLI and PLIzone). The mean values of Igeo were found in the following decreasing order: Zn (1.2) > Cu (0.5) > Cd (0.2) > Pb (−0.4) > Cr (−0.6) = Ni (−0.6). According to pollution assessment indexes (CF and NIPI), and pollution load indexes (PLI and PLIzone), there were relatively high levels of environmental pollution in Samsun, Ordu, and Artvin provinces, compared to other provinces in the study area. Furthermore, it was identified that the significant contribution of the monomial potential ecological risk (Ei) originated from Cu in Rize (57.6%), Artvin (46.6%), Giresun (40.2%), Pb in Trabzon (31.1%), and Cd in Ordu (71.8%) and Samsun (62.6%). The mean potential ecological risk (PER) values of Ordu and Samsun were categorized as considerable risk. The health risks of toxic heavy metals in road dust for adults and children were evaluated in two different categories, as non-carcinogenic (hazard index, HI), and carcinogenic health risks (total cancer risk, TCR), considering the three possible exposure pathways. In the study area, the mean of HI and TCR for children and adults were found in the negligible non-carcinogenic health risk (HI < 1) and the lower cancer risk range (10−6 < TCR ≤ 10−4), respectively.This work was funded by the Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Artvin Çoruh University (ACU-BAP) with the project number 2018.F30.02.01 . The authors also thank two anonymous reviewers and the editor for their valuable suggestion and helpful comments improving this paper

    Photochemical properties of fuoro‑chalcone substituted peripherally tetra Zn(II)Pc and Mg(II)Pc

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    Fluoro-chalcone substituted new metallophthalocyanines (MPcs) (M=Zn or Mg) derived from (2E)-1-(3-hydroxyphenyl)- 3-(2,4,5-trifuorophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one were synthesized. The structures of chalcone compound 1, phthalonitrile derivative 2 and metallophthalocyanines 3, 4 were characterized by a combination of spectroscopic techniques such as “FT-IR, 1 H NMR, 13C NMR, MALDI–TOF mass and UV–Vis” as well by elemental analysis. The aggregation behaviours and photochemical properties such as singlet oxygen and photodegradation quantum yields of the synthesized ZnIIPc 3 and MgIIPc 4 were examined in DMSO

    Investigation of forest fire effects on morel (morchella spp.) mushroom proliferation: a case study of Alucra, Giresun

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    Türkiye’de her yıl binlerce hektar alanda etkili olan orman yangınlarından sonra yanan alanlarda birçok yeni bitki ve hayvan türü ortaya çıkmaktadır. Aynı şekilde yangınlardan sonra bölgede çok sayıda mantar türünün yoğun olarak ortaya çıktığı bilinmektedir. Bu türlerden kuzugöbeği mantarı (Morchella spp.) fiyatı çok yüksek olmasına rağmen tüm dünyada sevilerek tüketilmektedir. Mantar toplayarak gelir temin eden yöre halkı nazarında kuzugöbeği mantarı potansiyel yüksek bir gelir kaynağıdır. Kuzugöbeği mantarlarının bazı türleri, orman yangınlarından sonra yanmış alanlarda toprak kimyasındaki ani değişiklikler, küçük dal ve yaprakların yanması sonucu oluşan kül birikmesi nedeniyle bol miktarda ortaya çıkar. Bu çalışmanın amacı, yanan ormanlık alanlarda toprak reaksiyonu (pH) ve organik maddeye bağlı olarak kuzugöbeği mantarının çoğalma potansiyelini belirlemektir. Sonuçlar, yangınla birlikte toprak pH'ının ve beraberindeki organik maddenin arttığını ve dolayısıyla kuzugöbeği mantarı çoğalmasının arttığını göstermiştir. Mantar, toprak pH değeri yüksek ve organik madde oranı düşük veya organik maddesi yüksek ve toprak pH değeri düşük topraklarda tek başına tespit edilmemiştir. Alanda yüksek toprak pH'sı ve yüksek organik madde birlikte bulunmalıdır. Orman yangınına maruz kalan ve mantarın bulunduğu alanların ortalama organik madde ve pH değerleri sırasıyla 7,25 ve 6,71 olarak bulunurken, aynı ekolojik özellikleri gösteren yanmamış orman alanının ortalama organik madde ve pH değerleri sırasıyla 5,65 ve 5.98 olarak bulunmuştur. Ülkemiz ormanlarında tahribata neden olan en önemli doğal afetlerden biri olan orman yangınlarının kuzugöbeği mantarı üretimi kapsamında da kullanılabileceği söylenebilir. Yanan alanlardaki mantar üretiminden elde edilen gelir, yerel orman köylülerinin gelirlerini artıracak ve sınırlı yıllık bütçelerine ek bir mali yardım sağlayacaktır.After each forest fire, which are effective in thousands of hectares of land every year in Turkey, many new plant species appear in burning areas and many animals start browsing on these areas. Likewise, it is known that many mushroom species intensely emerge in the area after each fire. Among these species, some species of Morel mushrooms (Morchella spp.), which are consumed all around the world despite their high price. For that reason, it is a very high potential income source for the local forest villagers. Some kinds of Morel mushroom species emerge abundantly in burnt areas after forest fires due to sudden changes in soil chemistry and ash accumulation after the burns of small branches and lives. The aim of this present study is to determine Morel mushroom proliferation growth potential after burnt of forested land based on the soil pH and organic matter. Our results showed that together with the fire, the soil pH and accompanying organic matter increased and therefore proliferation of the morel mushroom increased. The soils that the mushroom was not detected on have either high pH value and low organic matter or high organic matter and low soil pH value alone. A high soil pH and high organic matter should be presented at the site together. The average organic matter and pH values of the area which including mushroom exposed to forest fire were found to be 7.25 and 6.71 respectively while the average organic matter and pH values of the unburned forested area showing same ecological characteristics were found to be 5.65 and 5.98. We conclude that forest fires, one of the most important natural disasters that cause damage in the forests, can also be used within the scope of morel mushroom production. Income from mushroom production in the burnt areas will boost the income of local forest villagers and make an additional financial relief into their limited annual budgets

    Determination of Meteorological and Hydrological Drought Maps with Various Interpolation Methods in the Euphrates Basin

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    Kuraklık hidroelektrik enerji üretimi, sağlık, sanayi, turizm, ekonomi, tarım ve hayvancılık gibi çeşitli sektörleri olumsuz etkileyen bir doğal afettir. Bu nedenle izlenmesi, zamansal ve mekânsal dağılımının belirlenmesi ve önlemler alınarak kuraklık risklerinin yönetilmesi büyük öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, Fırat Havzası’ndaki çeşitli meteorolojik ve hidrolojik kuraklıkların Kriging, Radyal Tabanlı Fonksiyon (RTF) ve Ters Mesafe Ağırlıklandırma (TMA) enterpolasyon yöntemleri ile zamansal ve mekânsal değişimleri kuraklık sınıflarına göre renklendirilerek haritalandırması ve havzadaki kuraklık risk durumunun değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bunun için Fırat Havzası ve çevresinde bulunan 16 adet Meteoroloji Gözlem İstasyonu ve 18 adet Akım gözlem istasyonuna ait Standartlaştırılmış Yağış İndeksi, İstatistiksel Z-Skoru İndeksi, Yağış Anomalisi İndeksi, Standardize Yağış Evapotranspirasyon İndeksi, Keşif Kuraklık İndeksi ve Standart Akım İndeksi değerleri kullanılmıştır. Analizler sonucunda havzada meteorolojik kuraklıkların tahmininde Kriging metodu, hidrolojik kuraklıkların tahmininde ise RTF en etkili yöntemler olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Havzanın kuraklık risk düzeyi yüksek tespit edildiği için çalışma alanında kuraklık yönetim planının yapılması, olumsuz kuraklık etkilerinin azaltılması, erken uyarı ve kuraklık önlemlerinin alınması önerilmektedir.Drought is a natural disaster that adversely affects various sectors such as hydroelectric power generation, health, industry, tourism, economy, agriculture and animal husbandry. For this reason, monitoring, determining the spatio-temporal distribution, and managing drought risks by taking precautions are of great importance. In this study, it is aimed to map the spatio-temporal changes of various meteorological and hydrological droughts in the Euphrates Basin according to drought classes with Kriging, Radial Based Function (RBF) and Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) interpolation methods and to evaluate the drought risk situation in the basin. For this, Standardized Precipitation Index, Statistical Z-Score Index, Precipitation Anomaly Index, Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index, Reconnaissance Drought Index and Standardized Runoff Index values were used for 16 Meteorology Observation Stations and 18 stream-gauging stations in the Euphrates Basin. As a result of the analyses, it has been determined that the Kriging method is the most effective method in predicting meteorological droughts in the basin, and RBF is the most effective method in predicting hydrological droughts. Since the drought risk level of the basin is determined to be high, it is recommended to make a drought management plan in the study area, to reduce negative drought effects, and to take early warnings and drought precautions

    The selection of temporary shelter areas with fuzzy TOPSIS method for the Ankara province

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    Her yıl birçok insan çeşitli afet türleri ile karşı karşıya kalmaktadır. Afet lojistiği çerçevesinde, afetzedelerin barınma sorununu çözmek adına geçici barınma alanlarının yerlerinin afet öncesinde belirlenmesi gerekmektedir. Afet sonrası geçici barınma alanlarının seçimi ele alınan problemin ana amacını oluştururken, bu problem gerek Türkiye’nin başkenti, gerekse 2. büyük kenti olmasından ötürü Ankara ili üzerinde Bulanık TOPSIS tekniği ile test edilmektedir. Bu kapsamda, uzman görüşleri alınarak, ulusal ve uluslararası standartlara uygun olarak belirlenen on adet kritere göre beş adet alternatif değerlendirilmiştir. Analiz kapsamında değerlendirilen beş farklı alternatif lokasyon arasında, Ankara ili için Etimesgut en uygun geçici barınma alanı olarak belirlenmiştir. Mamak sıralamada son sırada yer almıştır. Ayrıca, alternatiflerin sıralanması sonucu Yenimahalle ikinci, Çankaya üçüncü ve Keçiören dördüncü sırada çıkmıştır. Bu çalışmada literatürdeki çalışmalardan farklı olarak, bir afet türüne odaklanılmamış; ele alınan potansiyel afetlerin tümüne odaklanılmıştır. Bilinebildiği kadarıyla, bu çalışma ile Ankara ili için afet sonrası geçici barınma alanları ilk kez tespit edilmiştir.Many people face various types of disasters every year. Within the framework of disaster logistics, temporary shelter areas should be identified before any disaster occurs. The main purpose of this study is to determine the temporary shelter areas in case of a disaster. Fuzzy TOPSIS method was used to fulfill this aim in Ankara due to its being capital and second biggest city of Turkey. In this context, five alternatives were evaluated according to ten criteria determined in accordance with national and international standards by taking expert opinions. Among the five different alternative locations, Etimesgut has been identified as the most suitable temporary shelter area for Ankara. Mamak takes the last place in the ranking. In addition, as a result of the order of alternatives, Yenimahalle was in the second, Çankaya was in the third and Keçiören was in the fourth place in the ranking. Different from the previous studies in the literature, this study focuses on all of the potential disasters. No study has been known on location selection problem of temporary shelter areas after the disaster for Ankara Province

    On the unit Burr-XII distribution with the quantile regression modeling and applications

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    In this paper, we modify the Burr-XII distribution through the inverse exponential scheme to obtain a new two-parameter distribution on the unit interval called the unit Burr-XII distribution. The basic statistical properties of the newly defined distribution are studied. Parameters estimation is dealt and different estimation methods are assessed through two simulation studies. A new quantile regression model based on the proposed distribution is introduced. Applications of the proposed distribution and its regression model to real data sets show that the proposed models have better modeling capabilities than competing models

    Treatment of textile wastewater using combined anaerobic moving bed biofilm reactor and powdered activated carbon-aerobic membrane reactor

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    In this study, treatment of textile wastewater using sequencing anaerobic moving bed biofilm reactor (AnMBBR) and powdered activated carbon - aerobic membrane bioreactor (PAC-AeMBR) was investigated. MBBR was composed by an anaerobic bioreactor with a biocarrier K1 with a filling ratio of 40% (v:v) and operated with 5 different aeration rates (0-0.55 m3air/m3reactor.min), at a constant HRT of 6 h to evaluate the effect of oxygen on AnMBBR system. The AnMBBR effluent was fed to the PAC-AeMBR for further treatment. In the AnMBBR operation, the adverse effect of aeration on anaerobic color removal was observed when ORP values increased over - 300 mV corresponding to aeration rates over 0.019 m3air/m3reactor.min, showing high toleration of biofilm layer. Limited aerated MBBR pretreatment provided long-term operation of MBR by decreasing frequency of membrane fouling. The relative abundance of EPS-producing bacteria namely Alphaproteobacteria (68%) was remarkably high in PAC-AeMBR. Considering the obtained results, it was concluded that the AnMBBR and PAC-AeMBR systems with high removals presented itself as a stable system

    Utkan Salgın Hastalık Kaygısı Ölçeği'nin geliştirilmesi ve psikometrik özelliklerinin incelenmesi

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    Amaç: Bu çalışmada genel popülasyonda salgın hastalık kaygısını ölçmeye yönelik olarak “Utkan Salgın Hastalık Kaygısı Ölçeği” geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Dil ve psikometrik geçerliliği yapılmış olan 20 ifadelik deneme formu; %72’si kadın, yaş aralığı 15–68 ve yaş ortalaması ise 28.6±9.9 olan 1037 kişilik bir örnekleme uygulanmıştır. Ölçeğin geçerliliğine yapı geçerliliği ve iç geçerliliği incelenerek karar verilmiştir. Yapı geçerliliğini belirlemek amacıyla faktör analizi, iç geçerliliği belirlemek için ise alt- üst grup karşılaştırılması yapılmıştır. Ölçeğin güvenilirliğini test etmek amacı ile Cronbach α güvenilirrlik katsayısı ve eşdeğer form tutarlılığı hesaplanmıştır. Bulgular: Geliştirilmiş olan “Utkan Salgın Hastalık Kaygısı Ölçeği” tek boyuttan ve 9 maddeden oluşmakta olup, salgın hastalık kaygısına ilişkin varyansın 70.8’ini açıklayabilmektedir. Ölçekten alınabilecek toplam puan 0 ile 36 arasında değişmekte olup, puanın artışı salgın hastalık kaygısının artışını ifade etmektedir. Ölçeğin Cronbach α güvenilirlik katsayısı .94 olarak hesaplanmış olup bu değer yüksek güvenilirliği ifade etmektedir. Sonuç: Bulgulara göre genel popülasyonda salgın hastalık kaygısını belirlemeye yönelik olarak geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği yapılan “Utkan Salgın Hastalık Kaygısı Ölçeği”nin geçerli ve güvenilir bir şekilde ölçüm yapabildiği görülmektedir

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