Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan (Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Banjarmasin)
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Penilaian Risiko K3 Pada Praktikum Farmakognosi Di Laboratorium Program Studi Farmasi Terkait Dengan Risiko Covid-19
No full textSafe and healthy working conditions the basic for decent work where working conditions like this are even more important today, given the importance of ensuring K3 in managing the Covid-19 pandemic and the ability to return to work. This study aims to determine the risks of making phyto-vegetable simplicia in the Pharmacognosy practicum which related to the risk of Covid-19 and research is descriptive observational. Population i.e work at Pharmacognosy practicum and the sample is job on the manufacture of phyto-vegetable simplicia taken purposively. The research instrument, the researcher identifies the potential hazards (loss) of making simplicia and determines the level of risk. The technique of collecting data i.e. observing step of making simplicia with K3 hazard identification form. The analysis technique i.e. observational data of making simplicia and then determined the potential hazards, cause, the impact, calculated the risk value and level of risk. The results show of making simplicia has potential loss in the form of be inhalated, repetitive movements, and mishandling that can affects the final result with the dominant consequence of discomfort. Dominant risk value 20 (extreme) at the collecting raw materials and wet sorting. As a whole show a low risk meaning acceptable so practicum can do but supervision is needed while low risk of spreading Covid-19 achieved with reducing number exposed chance, minimize contact with the source of transmission i.e. protocols health optimal that so impact disease incidence is also low.Kondisi kerja yang aman dan sehat menjadi dasar untuk pekerjaan yang layak dimana kondisi kerja seperti ini semakin penting saat ini, mengingat pentingnya memastikan K3 dalam mengelola pandemi Covid-19 dan kemampuan untuk kembali bekerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui risiko pembuatan simplisia nabati pada praktikum Farmakognosi terkait risiko Covid-19 dan penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif observasional. Populasi yaitu pekerjaan pada praktikum Farmakognosi dan sampel adalah pekerjaan pada pembuatan simplisia nabati yang diambil secara purposive. Instrumen penelitian, peneliti mengidentifikasi potensi bahaya (kerugian) dari pembuatan simplisia dan menentukan tingkat risiko. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu mengamati langkah pembuatan simplisia dengan formulir identifikasi bahaya K3. Teknik analisis yaitu data observasi pembuatan simplisia kemudian ditentukan potensi bahaya, penyebab, dampak, perhitungan nilai risiko dan tingkat risiko. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pembuatan simplisia memiliki potensi kerugian berupa terhirup, gerakan berulang, dan salah penanganan yang dapat mempengaruhi hasil akhir dengan konsekuensi dominan berupa ketidaknyamanan. Nilai risiko dominan 20 (ekstrim) pada pengumpulan bahan baku dan sortasi basah. Secara keseluruhan menunjukkan resiko rendah artinya dapat diterima sehingga praktikum dapat dilakukan namun diperlukan pengawasan sedangkan resiko rendah penyebaran Covid-19 dicapai dengan mengurangi angka peluang terpapar, meminimalkan kontak dengan sumber penularan yaitu protokol kesehatan yang optimal sehingga berdampak timbulnya penyakit juga rendah
Dampak Cemaran Dioksin Bagi Keadaan Gizi Dan Kesehatan: Literature Review
No full textDioxins and related compounds can contaminate food and have an impact on human nutrition and health. The impact of dioxin contamination on nutrition and health is not widely known by consumers, because the effect lasts a long time after dioxin accumulates in fat tissue. This research was conducted in the form of a literature study with the aim of providing an overview of the impact of dioxin contamination on nutritional and health conditions. In research, it was found that dioxins in the body can cause free radicals which can trigger oxidation stress, so that damage to several important cellular components can occur. Consumption of foods containing antioxidants is an effort to minimize the negative effects caused by dioxin contamination in humans. Close supervision of the sources of dioxin contamination is necessary to reduce its impact on nutrition and health.Berdampakkah Cemaran Dioksin Bagi Keadaan Gizi Dan Kesehatan? Dioksin dan senyawa terkait dapat mencemari makanan dan menimbulkan dampak pada kondisi gizi dan kesehatan manusia. Dampak cemaran dioksin pada gizi dan Kesehatan belum banyak diketahui oleh konsumen, karena efeknya yang berlangsung dalam waktu lama setelah dioksin terakumulasi dalam jaringan lemak. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam bentuk studi literatur dengan tujuan untuk memberikan gambaran tentang dampak cemaran dioksin terhadap keadaan gizi dan kesehatan. Pada penelitian ditemukan dioksin dalam tubuh dapat menimbulkan radikal bebas yang dapat memicu stress oksidasi, sehingga kerusakan beberapa komponen seluler penting dapat terjadi. Konsumsi makanan yang mengandung antioksidan merupakan salah satu upaya yang meminimalisir efek negative yang disebabkan oleh cemaran dioksin pada manusia. Pengawasan yang ketat terhadap sumber-sumber pencemaran dioksin perlu dilakukan untuk mengurangi dampaknya bagi keadaan gizi dan kesehatan
Analisis Jumlah Angka Kuman Pada Spons Dapur
No full textFood utensil doesnot hygiene cause disease transmission. Food utensil can be free form microorganisms through the washing process. Washing utensil using software and hardware, such as water and detergent, while hardware such us basin, faucet, sinks and sponge. A habitually leave sponges in the washing water resulting in growing microorganism. Porous spongy materials can be a major source of contamination, because corss contamination transmits pathogenic microbe origating from spoiled food residues in food scarps. This study aims to determine the number of germs on kitchen sponges used to wash cutlery. This research is descriptive, examining the number of germs on sponges based on the frequency of use and storage. The sample criteria are sponges used by households after use are washed and dried, after use are washed and dried adm sponge after use are not washed and not dried. Sample were taken and grown on agar media, then incubated in incubator. The research was conducted in the laboratory of Department of Environmental Healt. The result, the number of germ on kitchen sponges were different based on the treatment. The kitchen sponge are washed and dried after used have lower germ numbers than kitchen sponges that are not washed and not dired after used. The recommended, kitchen sponges after use should be washed and dried to stop the growth of bacteria and change the sponges once a week.Peralatan makan yang tidak hygiene dapat menyebabkan penularan penyakit. Peralatan makan dapat terbebas dari mikroorganisme melalui proses pencucian. Pencucian peralatan makan menggunakan perangkat lunak dan keras, seperti . Perangkat lunak seperti air dan larutan pencucian, sedangkan perangkat keras seperti baskom, kran air, bak pencucian dan spons. Kebiasaan meninggalkan spons dalam air cucian mengakibatkan pertumbuhan mikroorganisme. Bahan spons berpori dapat menjadi sumber kontaminasi utama, karena kontaminasi silang menularkan mikroba patogen yang berasal dari sisa makanan yang mengalami pembusukan pada sisa makanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui jumlah angka kuman pada spon dapur yang digunakan untuk mencuci alat makan. Jenis penelitian deskriptif, pemeriksaan angka kuman pada spons berdasarkan frekuensi pemakaian dan penyimpanan. Kriteria sampel adalah spon yang digunakan rumah tangga setelah penggunaan dicuci dan dikeringkan, setelah penggunaan di cuci dan tidak dikeringkan, setelah penggunaan tidak di cuci dan dikeringkan serta spons setelah digunakan tidak dicuci dan tidak di keringkan. Sampel diambil dan ditumbuhkan pada media agar, selanjutnya di inkubasi pada incubator. Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium Jurusan Kesehatan Lingkungan. Hasil penelitian jumlah angka kuman pada spons dapur berbeda berdasarkan perlakuan. Spons dapur yang dicuci dan di keringkan setelah penggunaan mempunyai kandungan angka kuman lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan spons dapur yang tidak di cuci dan tidak dikeringkan setelah penggunaan. Sehingga disarankan spon setelah digunakan harus dicuci dan dikeringkan untuk memperlambat pertumbuhan bakteri serta mengganti spons cuci piring seminggu sekali
Hubungan Pola Makan Dan Pemakaian Masker Terhadap Pencegahan COVID-19 Di Kecamatan Tulis Kabupaten Batang Jawa Tengah
No full textThe COVID-19 pandemic has not yet stopped until the spread of COVID-19 has spread, including in Indonesia. Tulis District wis one of the areas with the most COVID-19 cases in Batang Regency, Central Java Province. Covid prevention factors could be influenced by internal factors and external factors. This study aims to analyze the factors related to preventing the spread of Covid in the community in Tulis District. This research is observational with a case control design. A total of 100 people with systematic sampling. Data were analyzed using Chi-Square test and Odds Ratio test. The results showed that there was a relationship between an unbalanced diet (OR = 3.857; CI = 1.670-8.911; p = 0.002), and less habit of wearing masks (OR = 2.923; CI = 1.245-6.865; p = 0.022) with the lack of prevention of the spread of Covid in the Tulis District. So that eating patterns and the habit of wearing masks are factors related to preventing the spread of COVID-19 in Tulis District.Pandemi COVID-19 sampai sekarang belum berhenti hingga penyebaran Covid-19 meluas termasuk Indonesia. Kecamatan Tulis adalah salah satu daerah terbanyak kasus Covid-19 di Kabupaten Batang, Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Faktor pencegahan Covid dapat dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal dan faktor eksternal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pencegahan penyebaran Covid pada masyarakat di Kecamatan Tulis. Penelitian ini bersifat observasional dengan desain case control. Sebanyak 100 orang dengan sampling sistematis. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi-Square dan uji Odds Ratio. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan pola makan tidak seimbang (OR = 3,857; CI = 1,670-8,911; p = 0,002), dan kebiasaan memakai masker kurang (OR = 2,923; CI = 1,245-6,865; p = 0,022) dengan pencegahan penyebaran Covid di Kecamatan Tulis. Sehingga pola makan dan kebiasaan memakai masker merupakan faktor yang berhubungan dengan pencegahan penyebaran COVID-19 di Kecamatan Tulis
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP, DAN PERATURAN DENGAN TINDAKAN KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN SEKOLAH PADA SISWA KELAS VIII DI SMPN 24 TANGERANG DAN SMPN 28 TANGERANG
Get PDFThe health of the school environment is an effort that aims to improve, realize and develop the optimal degree of student health. However, there are still many students who do not really care about environmental problems so that they have not been realized in real action. SMPN 24 Tangerang and SMPN 28 Tangerang. This study used a cross sectional. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and regulations with the actions of the VIII graders at approach. The population was all students of class VIII at SMPN 24 Tangerang and SMPN 28 Tangerang with a total sample of 245 students. The data source used is primary data with data collection methods in the form of interviews with a questionnaire instrument. The results showed that, there is a relationship between attitudes and actions regarding the health of the school environment in class VIII students at SMPN 24 Tangerang (Pvalue 0.027) and SMPN 28 Tangerang (Pvalue 0.011) in 2020. It is hoped that the school can continue to motivate and educate students about environmental health through posters, counseling, or other environmental programs.Kesehatan lingkungan sekolah merupakan upaya yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan, mewujudkan dan mengembangkan derajat kesehatan siswa secara optimal. Namun, masih banyak diantara siswa yang belum peduli dengan permasalahan lingkungan secara sungguh-sungguh sehingga belum terwujud dalam tindakan nyata. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan,sikap,dan peraturan dengan tindakan siswa kelas VIII di SMPN 24 Tangerang dan SMPN 28 Tangerang.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi adalah semua siswa kelas VIII di SMPN 24 Tangerang dan SMPN 28 Tangerang dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 245 siswa. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah data primer dengan metode pengumpulan data berupa wawancara dengan instrumen kuesioner. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara sikap dengan tindakan mengenai kesehatan lingkungan sekolah pada siswa kelas VIII di SMPN 24 Tangerang(Pvalue 0,027) dan SMPN 28 Tangerang (Pvalue 0,011) tahun 2020. Diharapkan kepada pihak sekolah dapat terus memotivasi dan mengedukasi para siswa mengenai kesehatan lingkungan baik itu melalui poster, penyuluhan, ataupun program-program lingkungan yang lainnya.
Kata Kunci: Kesehatan Lingkungan Sekolah; Sekolah Menengah Pertama; Sekolah Adiwiyata; Pengetahuan; Sikap; Peraturan dan Tindakan
Distribusi Spasial Habitat Larva, Kepadatan Anopheles sp dan Kasus malaria di Kampung Kiren Distrik Bonggo Kabupaten Sarmi
No full textGeographic Information Systems (GIS) can be used to describe health problems, one of the problem can be described is malaria. Malaria is still a major health problem for people in Papua. Papua Annual Parasite Incidence (API) is the highest in Indonesia (Kemenkes RI, 2017). This study aims to describe the spatial distribution of larval habitat, adult mosquito density, and the distribution of malaria patients in January-April 2019 in Kiren Village, Bonggo District. The results showed that there were 29 positive habitats of Anopheles sp larvae, consisting of puddles (69.0%), sago marsh (3.4%), artificial ponds (13.8%), and gutters (13, 8%), the habitat is spread almost evenly throughout the Kiren Village area. Larvae species caught were: An.punctulatus (17.2%), An.maculatus (31.0%), An.farauti (6.9%), An.telatelatus (3.4%), and An.longirostris (31.0%) and not identified 10.3%. The highest density of adult mosquitoes is 7 mosquito/person/night, the lowest is 1.5 mosquito/person/night, with an average of 3.6 mosquito/person/night. Adult mosquito species caught : An.maculatus (37.9%), An.karwari (10.3%), An.punctulatus (31.0%), An.farauti (13.8%), and An.longoristris (6.9%). Malaria patients highest based on age group is in the 20-44 years (39.3%), and by sex in the female group (62.5%). The conclusions of this study are as follows: the highest larval habitat is puddles, the most caught larvae species are An.maculatus and An.longirostris, high mosquito density/ high MBR, adult mosquito species are mostly caught is An.punctulatus, the highest malaria patients based on age group is in the 20-44 years old and based on sex from female group.Geographic Information Systems (GIS) can be used to describe health problems, one of the problem can be described is malaria. Malaria is still a major health problem for people in Papua. Papua Annual Parasite Incidence (API) is the highest in Indonesia (Kemenkes RI, 2017). This study aims to describe the spatial distribution of larval habitat, adult mosquito density, and the distribution of malaria patients in January-April 2019 in Kiren Village, Bonggo District. The results showed that there were 29 positive habitats of Anopheles sp larvae, consisting of puddles (69.0%), sago marsh (3.4%), artificial ponds (13.8%), and gutters (13, 8%), the habitat is spread almost evenly throughout the Kiren Village area. Larvae species caught were: An.punctulatus (17.2%), An.maculatus (31.0%), An.farauti (6.9%), An.telatelatus (3.4%), and An.longirostris (31.0%) and not identified 10.3%. The highest density of adult mosquitoes is 7 mosquito/person/ night, the lowest is 1.5 mosquito/person/night, with an average of 3.6 mosquito/ person/night. Adult mosquito species caught : An.maculatus (37.9%), An.karwari (10.3%), An.punctulatus (31.0%), An.farauti (13.8%), and An.longoristris (6.9%). Malaria patients highest based on age group is in the 20-44 years (39.3%), and by sex in the female group (62.5%). The conclusions of this study are as follows: the highest larval habitat is puddles, the most caught larvae species are An.maculatus and An.longirostris, high mosquito density/ high MBR, adult mosquito species are mostly caught is An.punctulatus, the highest malaria patients based on age group is in the 20-44 years old and based on sex from female grou
Gambaran Pengetahuan Dan Sikap Pembeli Terhadap Kandungan Klorin Pada Beras Yang Dijual Di Pasar Kranji Bekasi
No full textChlorine is a chemical that is usually used as a germ killer. In addition, chlorine is also commonly used for clothing and paper, but an important concern is when chlorine is used as an ingredient in rice whitening, because the chlorinated rice will look like super-quality rice. The purpose of this study was to determine the buyer's knowledge and attitudes about the chlorine content of rice and to determine the chlorine content in the rice sold at Kranji Market in Bekasi. This research is a descriptive survey research. The objects in this study were 100 (One Hundred) respondents and 10 (ten) types of rice and were then examined at UPT Tangerang City Health Laboratory using the Uv-Vis Spectrophotometry Test. The sample technique is Accidental Sampling. The research instrument uses a questionnaire sheet. Univariate results show that 80% of rice buyers have low knowledge of rice containing chlorine and rice buyers have a positive attitude towards consumption of rice containing 63% of chlorine. Based on this research, it is suggested for buyers to be more careful in choosing the rice to buy as a form of prevention to maintain health from the dangers of using chlorine in rice when consumed.Chlorine is a chemical that is usually used as a germ killer. In addition, chlorine is also commonly used for clothing and paper, but an important concern is when chlorine is used as an ingredient in rice whitening, because the chlorinated rice will look like super-quality rice. The purpose of this study was to determine the buyer's knowledge and attitudes about the chlorine content of rice and to determine the chlorine content in the rice sold at Kranji Market in Bekasi. This research is a descriptive survey research. The objects in this study were 100 (One Hundred) respondents and 10 (ten) types of rice and were then examined at UPT Tangerang City Health Laboratory using the Uv-Vis Spectrophotometry Test. The sample technique is Accidental Sampling. The research instrument uses a questionnaire sheet. Univariate results show that 80% of rice buyers have low knowledge of rice containing chlorine and rice buyers have a positive attitude towards consumption of rice containing 63% of chlorine. Based on this research, it is suggested for buyers to be more careful in choosing the rice to buy as a form of prevention to maintain health from the dangers of using chlorine in rice when consumed
Systematic Review: Paparan Karbon Monoksida Dan Gangguan Tekanan Darah Pada Dewasa Dan Lansia
No full textThe most common blood pressure disorders are high blood pressure and low blood pressure. One of the risk factors that is assumed to affect blood pressure is carbon monoxide exposure. This study aims to collect information about the association between carbon monoxide exposure and blood pressure disorders in adults and the elderly. Articles were collected through national journals database namely Portal Garuda and Google Scholar, and international journals through Pubmed, Scopus, and PROQUEST. The keyword combinations used are ‘karbon monoksida’, ‘tekanan darah’, ‘COHb’, ‘polusi udara’, ‘tekanan darah sistolik’, ‘tekanan darah diastolik’, ‘carbon monoxide’, ‘blood pressures’, ‘systolic blood pressure’, and ‘diastolic blood pressure’. The article search found out 20 articles eligible for inclusion criteria. The literature review shows the relationship between CO exposure and blood pressure. CO exposure can be at risk increased systolic blood pressure from 0.43 mmHg to 15 mmHg, as well as an increase in diastolic blood pressure from 0.39 mmHg to 9 mmHg. Acute or chronic carbon monoxide exposure has been shown to affect disorders on blood pressure characterized by an increase in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure
KOMPOS PELLET DARI AMPAS KOPI GAYO ESPRESSO DENGAN STARTER ALAMI
No full textCompost is very useful for soil improvement, maintaining soil stability and fertility, and increasing micro nutrients required by plants. This study aims to determine the effect of using natural starters: chicken manure (A), cow dung (S), and EM4 on composting time, compost pH, and the macro nutrient content made from Gayo espresso coffee waste. The waste of Gayo espresso coffee, which is available abundantly available in coffee shops, which is used as raw material for composting. Starters the form of A, S, a mixture of A with S, and EM4 are used to shorten composting time, and improve compost characteristics to conform to SNI standards. Gayo espresso coffee waste is mixed with starter A, starter mixture S. starter mix, and EM4 then fermented in a closed container. Compost pH measurements during the composting process are carried out every day until the pH is close to neutral, which indicates the compost is ripe. After composting, the products that were quickly formed from all treatment variables were tested for macro nutrient levels in the form of N, P, K and C / N ratios. The compost is printed in the form of pellets using a pelletizer mold. The test results showed that the use of 200g starter A (cow dung) and 6 ml EM4 produced compost within 25 days. The average acidity of the compost for all treatments ranged from 6.83. Micro nutrient content in the compost is 1.11% nitrogen, 0.81% phosphorus, 1.64% potassium and C / N ratio 11.06, according to SNI standards.Pellet compost from Gayo espresso coffee waste with natural starters. Compost is very useful for soil improvement, maintaining soil stability and fertility, and increasing micro nutrients required by plants. This study aims to determine the effect of using natural starters: chicken manure (A), cow dung (S), and EM4 on composting time, compost pH, and the macro nutrient content made from Gayo espresso coffee waste. The waste of Gayo espresso coffee, which is available abundantly available in coffee shops, which is used as raw material for composting. Starters the form of A, S, a mixture of A with S, and EM4 are used to shorten composting time, and improve compost characteristics to conform to SNI standards. Gayo espresso coffee waste is mixed with starter A, starter mixture S. starter mix, and EM4 then fermented in a closed container. Compost pH measurements during the composting process are carried out every day until the pH is close to neutral, which indicates the compost is ripe. After composting, the products that were quickly formed from all treatment variables were tested for macro nutrient levels in the form of N, P, K and C / N ratios. The compost is printed in the form of pellets using a pelletizer mold. The test results showed that the use of 200g starter A (cow dung) and 6 ml EM4 produced compost within 25 days. The average acidity of the compost for all treatments ranged from 6.83. Micro nutrient content in the compost is 1.11% nitrogen, 0.81% phosphorus, 1.64% potassium and C / N ratio 11.06, according to SNI standards
Usia Dan Posisi Kerja Pengrajin Payet Berpengaruh Terhadap Keluhan Low Back Pain
Get PDFLow Back Pain (LBP) is one of the musculoskeletal disorders, psychological disorders and the result of wrong mobilization. LBP is one of the most common health problems in the industrial community, one of which is Payet Craftsmen. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between age and work position with LBP complaints on Halidah Sequin Craftsmen in Cempaka Sub-District. Analytical research design with approach cross sectional. The sample in this study were workers who met the inclusion criteria amounting to 25 people. Data analysis used chi-square test. Test results of research was the age variable is sig value 0.122 (> 0.05). meaning that there is no relationship between age variable with LBP complaints on Halidah Sequin Craftsmen in Cempaka Sub-District. While test results of research was the variable work position is a sig value of 0.022 (< 0.05). meaning that there is a relationship between work position variable and LBP complaints on Halidah Sequin Craftsmen in Cempaka Sub-District, with an Odds Ratio of 8,000 means that respondents who have high risk work positions are 8 more risk to complain of LBP compared to respondents who have moderate risk work positions