Business and Public Administration Studies (E-Journal, Washington Institute of China Studies - WICS)
Not a member yet
289 research outputs found
Sort by
Information Security Management In Context Of Globalization
Full text linkThe security of information should be understood as the provision of confidentiality, accessibility, integrity, authenticity, and accountability of information. Confidentiality is defined by ISO 27001:2005 as “the property that information is not made available or dis-closed to unauthorized individuals, entities, or processes”. Issues about information availability, understood as “being accessible and usable upon demand by an authorized entity” , are not usually seen as a problem of the whole company. Lack of access to data is easily explained away by leave, the lack of electricity, a virus, or missed key. The third main property of information system security is integrity, that is to say, “safeguarding the accuracy and completeness of assets”. It may be considered at a technical level. Then it concerns the structure and configuration of network devices and applications. However, problems of integrity are mainly related to the activities of workers collecting and processing data. Failure to comply with integrity may cause delays in decision-making by management or a lack of actions to minimize the effect of existing threats.
Supercritical and ultrasupercritical coal-fired power generation
Full text linkPulverized coal combustion (PC) is the most widely used technology in coal-fired power plants globally. The technology’s developments in the past decades have primarily involved increasing plant thermal efficiencies by raising the steam pressure and temperature. Based on the differences in temperature and pressure, the technology is categorized into three tiers: subcritical, supercritical (SC) and ultrasupercritical (USC).Coal consistently contributes to over 75% of electricity in China (China Bureau of Statistics 2009). To meet its ever growing demands for electricity, China has seen rapid growth of coal-fired power generation. From 2003 to 2009 the country more than doubled its coal-fired generation capacity, making its fleet the largest in the world. However, the fuel consumption per unit of electricity generated during this period has steadily decreased (Figure 3). The use of SC/USC technology has significantly contributed to the improvement of energy efficiency. In 2004 China surpassed the U.S. in average fleet efficiency (EIA 2009). As SC/USC continues to be the plant type of choice for coal burning in China, average fleet efficiency will continue to increase over time
The Historical Status of China’s Tibet (part 9)
No full textSince the peaceful liberation of Tibet in 1951, especially since the Democratic Reform in Tibet and the reform and opening-up program introduced throughout China, great progress has taken place in economics and culture. Living standards have been considerably improved and their religious beliefs have been respected and protected. These are facts universally recognized.However, Xagabba viciously attacks today\u27s Tibet saying: "Tibetans, men and women, old and young, are driven like animals to work sites. They eat pig\u27s and dog\u27s food and work like a donkeys and horses, living a miserable life." Van Praag also says that Tibet remains stagnant under the rule of the Han, and Tibetan can get nothing from such growth (of agricultural production). His words contradict each other. At one hand, he says remains stagnant, and on the other, he says growth, which shows he is not right and self-confident.Facts are stronger than accusations. We can get a definite answers so long as we compare the old Tibet economy and culture with the these elements in modern Tibet
China\u27s Population Bomb
No full textThe ascent to power by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in 1949 was a period of great turmoil and confusion. Mao Zedong, the Chairman of the Party and the head of government emerged as a powerful and willful dictator, and intellectually the chief strategist in determining China\u27s future and what it would become. In the midst of this turmoil, Mao knew that one thing was certain: the population of the country would rise, and the increase would be large enough and swift enough that it would overwhelm the economy and the government. The national economy, even before WW II had left China deeply in poverty, underdeveloped, illiterate, and without direction or hope. All of this was made worse by the Japanese invasion and later the internal civil war. When the Communists won, few could conceive of them leading China to any bright new future
Editor\u27s Statement
No full textAs we begin our sixth year of publication we see turmoil and uncertainty as the hallmarks of the current world situation. As we view our own country we see a failing presidency responding to failed Marxist orthodoxy which has not worked wherever it has been tried in modern times. It will similarly fail here. In China the ten year ruling cycle of the Communist Party is undergoing tension and uncertainty with everything from the mysterious death of an English business man to a high ranking police official requesting asylum in a US Consulate. In the Middle East we see the Muslim Brotherhood strengthening its control over the Constitution writing process in Egypt and the civil war continuing in Syria with the Assad family clinging to power. We begin to see why Nasser outlawed and imprisoned much of the Muslim Brotherhood. This at least deferred their seizing control of Egypt’s government for half a century. Sub Sahara Africa continues to see one military coup after another. It seems hardly worth what they fighting about. The European Union continues to choke on its unaffordable welfare state and arguing whether or not to bail out failing states like Greece
Monitoring Contract Performance
Full text linkTo monitor a contract effectively, each member of the contract administration team must understand the duties associated with his or her position on the team and must understand a number of basic issues that are common to public and private service delivery: customer satisfaction, timeliness, productivity, and performance problems. The team must understand the importance of pre-performance conferences in laying the groundwork for efficient and effective performance and monitoring. Despite the care that has gone into the preparation of the contract documents, most contracts require amendments, and the team must understand when and how to issue them. To monitor a contract effectively, the team must select appropriate measures of output or outcome, choose suitable monitoring methods, carefully document performance, and work cooperatively with the contractor
The 15th Infantry in China
Full text link In 1921, my father received orders assigning him to U.S. 15th infantry which was based in Tientsin on the South China Sea, 90 miles from Peking. A few months after Capt. Cushman and his bride joined it, I was born into the regiment. Since the mid-19th century, European powers had been in China with extraterritorial concessions wrung from the weak Manchu dynasty. The Boxer Rebellion of 1900 had brought an eight-nation allied force into Peking to restore Manchu rule. The Boxer Protocols, signed by the Chinese and by Western powers and japan, provided for foreign continents to be stationed, among other places, in Tientsin. This article previously appeared in the Command and General Staff College Foundation News, Number 11/fall 2011. Attempts to locate prior publications (if any) of this article were unsuccessful. Every effort has been made to trace and contact copyright holder. Permission to reprint the Foundation News version of this article had been granted
Capital Budgeting by the Federal Government
Full text linkWhat is a capital budget? Why does the federal government not have one? This paper attempts to address both questions. It explains how capital projects at the federal level are budgeted for on a cash-basis, as is the case for all spending in the unified budget, and why this matters. Specifically, it will consider how well this budgetary treatment leads to an efficient allocation of capital spending, government accountability, and long-term planning. It also examines alternative ways to budget for capital spending that have been proposed, their rationales, and whether they might lead to better outcomes. First, however, this paper turns to define “capital” and how other entities besides the federal government budget for capital projects
Editor\u27s Statement
No full textAs we go to press, the fact that both the U.S. and China have selected leaders far outweighs the content of our journal in importance. Nevertheless I will run through the contents of this edition. We start off with a review of one of China’s most critical but rarely discussed issues: its population. The one child policy in China gets plenty of attention but the unintended side effect is where the problem lies. The key question is who will support the current generation of old folks when they retire. The next article looks at renewable energy in China. The authors examine the market barriers and policy options of this issue
Insurance And Entrepreneurship: A Conceptual Framework
Full text linkHistorical and literature reviews as well as considerations on the issue of risk aversion and entrepreneurship show that insurance can reduce uncertainty, protect assets, and ultimately support entrepreneurship and economic activity. Insurance and the various policies have their unified characteristic as a business that has the institutional role of supporting other business activities. Thus the development of insurance is commingled with other economic activities and initiatives and with economic growth. However, the conditions for insurance in emerging markets—and in particular in Latin America and the Caribbean—are not primarily conducive to economic activity and entrepreneurship. There are numerous reasons for this, including institutional shortcomings and insurance premiums that do not reflect fair prices.The research refers at various areas, e.g., economic growth, financial market, insurance markets, entrepreneurship. The literature explored and provided answers of different links e.g., financial markets and economic growth; financial markets and entrepreneurship; entrepreneurship and economic growth. In fact, financial market development is considered an important determinant of economic growth and for entrepreneurship; entrepreneurship and economic growth are closely related in the sense that entrepreneurship prompts economic growth. However, the links between insurance and entrepreneurship and the contribution of insurance to economic activity and growth, and particularly how insurance supports entrepreneurship still need to be qualified and empirically proved.