Sumathi Publications (E-Journals)
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Total body irradiation in a case of thalassemia major with source to axis distance based planning: A case report
Get PDFBackground: The use of total body radiation (TBI) before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) would increase the engraftment without transplant-related morbidity or mortality among Thalassemia major (TM) cases. Case presentation: A 2-year-old female child, diagnosed with TM was scheduled for haploidentical allogenic transplant-based protocol, and after that, based on protocol she was scheduled to undergo a single session of TBI as a conditioning regimen before haploidentical allogenic hematopoietic stem cell tranplant. A total dose of 4 Gy was administered.. The incidence of graft failure was reduced as TBI was used before allogeneic stem cell transplantation. TBI provided a uniform dose of radiation to the entire body, penetrating areas such as the central nervous system (CNS) and testes. Conclusion: Total Body Irradiation with the SAD technique is the most effective way of treatment. As it is comfortable for the patient to undergo, easily reproducible, and it helps to achieve a uniform dose distribution
MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY AS A WALK OF LIFE -PAST, CURRENT, AND FUTURE PROSPECTIVE: AN INSIGHT
Get PDFIn exploring the epitome of Physiology, we come across a multitude of disciplines. The history of human Physiology can be traced back to 435 BC. Now, Physiology has become an integral part of our life. Physiology and Medicine are like two faces of the same coin. While swimming through the ocean of Physiology we discover many natal systems. Physiology forms the ground on which the study of Medicine works like our laptop. Forming substratum in the arch of medical and surgical knowledge, Physiology is gaining vanity. The relevance of Physiological ideas is just like the cherry on the cake. This review is a general topic of interest and discusses the history of Physiology and the importance of Physiology beyond academics in the epoch of translational research
EFFECTS OF COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY (CBT) AND MEDITATION IN CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN
Get PDFAbstract –
Context: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a highly prevalent and often disabling condition among adults. Meditation is a practice which uses a technique like mindfulness, or focusing their mind on a particular thought, activity - to train awareness, achieve a mentally clear and emotionally calm state. Cognitive – behavioral therapy (CBT) is a form of psychotherapy that has been documented to be effective in treating depression, chronic pain and other mental disorders.
Aim: To compare the effects of both, CBT and Meditation on pain management in CLBP.
Method: 27 patients with CLBP between the age group of 36-50 yrs were selected. They were divided into 3 groups. A 4 week intervention of conventional physiotherapeutic exercises, Meditation and CBT was given. Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire and Numerical Pain Rating Scale were used as outcome measures.
Results: Our study shows significant results pre and post all interventions, but no significant difference can be seen when the three interventions are compared to each other (with p<0.05)
Conclusion: On the basis of the result obtained, we can say that all three interventions have a positive effect in pain reduction in CLBP.Statistically, no intervention has a better effect over others. But clinically meditation group performed better
The study of the effects of 12 weeks of yoga training on respiratory pressures and 40 mm Hg test in healthy individuals
No full textBackground:
Yogic exercises have been found to be beneficial for better maintenance of bodily functions even in normal healthy subjects. In view of this, present study was planned to evaluate the effect of Yoga on respiratory pressures and 40 mm Hg test in healthy individuals.
Method:
The present study included 80 healthy subjects (40 males, 40 females) of 30-40 years age group. Subjects fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria attended a minimum of five Yoga classes per week for a period of twelve weeks. Age, height, weight & BMI of the subjects were recorded. The maximum expiratory pressure, maximum inspiratory pressure and 40 mm Hg test were analysed before & after twelve weeks of Yoga practice. The same subjects were chosen as both study as well as control group in order to minimize the confounding factors and make the study more reproducible. Student’s paired‘t’ test was used to compare the changes in parameters before and after Yoga training.
Results:
On analysis of results, there was highly significant (p<0.001) increase in maximum expiratory pressure, maximum inspiratory pressure and 40 mm Hg test after twelve weeks of Yoga practise. The response was similar in both the genders.
Conclusion:
Present study proved that regular practice of Yoga for minimum of 12 weeks is beneficial in improving respiratory pressures and 40 mm Hg test in normal healthy individuals and this improvement is appreciable in both genders. Results of the study would justify the incorporation of Yoga as part of our lifestyle in promoting health. Also Yoga can make an appreciable contribution to primary prevention and management of lifestyle diseases
True and Pseudo Cholinesterase levels in short and long-term of pesticides exposures
Get PDFThe present study is aimed to study and analyze the true and pseudo Cholinesterase levels in the subjects exposed to pesticides during short term by intentional or accidental intake and long term exposure due to their occupation were studied at Department of Biochemistry, SVS medical college and hospital mahbubnagar district. Whole blood cholinesterase levels and Pseudo cholinesterase levels were estimated. 150 people were taken as controls who had no medical illness and a total number of 300 cases of pesticide poisoning were selected, aged between 20 to 55 years, which consist of 150 acute poisoning and 150 chronic poisoning subjects in Mahbubnagar district, were taken as case study, the detailed case history and the type of organophosphorus pesticide taken were recorded. Mean and standard deviation (S.D) of all variables were calculated and compared with those of controls. Statistical significance was assessed and P-value <0.05 were considered significant.
During acute poisoning the mean value of Whole blood cholinesterase/True cholinesterase (U / L) in acute poisoning cases on first day was 1.267± 0.612 on 3th day was 1.651±0.647, on 7th day was 2.221±0.684 and at the end of 6 months was 3.970±0.404.The difference between the study group and control group (4.0 ± 0.39) was found to be statistically significant in1st, 3rd, 7th day but not significant at the end of 6 months. The mean value of serum cholinesterase/pseudo cholinesterase (U/L) in acute poisoning cases on first day was 2213.05 ± 1749.81, on 3th day was 2862.3 ± 2025.6, on 7th day was 4008.4 ± 2355.9 and at the end of 6 months was 7708.34 ± 880.72.The difference between the study group and control group (7991.97 ± 1276.5) was found to be statistically significant in1st, 3rd, 7th day but not significant at the end of 6 months.
During chronic poisoning (exposure) the mean value of Whole blood cholinesterase (U/L) in controls is 4.0 ± 0.39 as compared to 3.019 ± 0.848 in cases of chronic poisoning. The difference between the study group and control group was found to be statistically significant. The mean value of serum cholinesterase/pseudo cholinesterase (U/L) in controls was 7991.97 ± 1276.5 as compared to 6214 ± 1189 in cases of chronic poisoning. The difference between the study group and control group was found to be statistically significant
EFFECT OF 5 WEEKS RADIATION THERAPY ON PULMONARY FUNCTIONS IN BREAST CANCER PATIENTS: A PILOT STUDY: Radiation therapy on pulmonary function in breast cancer
No full textABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND: The lung has a very little regenerative capacity; it cannot tolerate long doses of radiation. The critical injuries that eventually lead to impaired ventilation and diffusion capacity are related to total dose, its fractionation, and volume of lung irradiated. The absorption of ionizing radiation causes immediate subcellular and cellular damage while its gross morphological expression in terms of tissue injury.
Aim of study: To observe the effect of 5 weeks of Radiation Therapy on Pulmonary Functions in breast cancer patients Methodology: The study was carried out on ten subjects ranging in the age group of 35-65 years where PFT parameters were recorded initially and at the end of every week for five weeks. Then parameters were compared pre radiation and every week after the radiation therapy for five weeks.
RESULT: Data was analyzed in terms of the mean difference. Statistically, there were no significant changes seen in the PFT parameter values that are pre- radiation and post-radiation every week for five weeks and the p values obtained were for following parameters 1) FVC – 0.487 2) FEV1 – 0.863 3) FEV1/FVC – 0.487 4) FEF25-75% - 5) PEFR- .
CONCLUSION: There were no significant changes that were found in the parameters of the pulmonary function test. Changes in lung volume and capacities are expected after Radiation therapy that is risk of damaging pulmonary parenchyma and losing type 2 pneumocytes but patient never present changes due to compensation in relation to healthy changes which did not receive radiation.
KEY WORDS: Breast Cancer,Radiation Therapy,Pulmonary Function Tes
Evaluation of sweet taste sensitivity in type-II Diabetes Mellitus patients
Get PDFBackground: The objective is to evaluate the sweet taste sensitivity among type-II diabetes mellitus patients.
Methods: This is a cross sectional study consisted of 227 subjects (127 type-II Diabetic patients & 100 non diabetic individuals) of both the genders and age matched. Sweet taste sensitivity tests were done using different concentrations of glucose solution and compared among the diabetic patients with FBS more than 180mg/dl and diabetic patients with FBS less than 180mg/dl and also compared among the diabetic patients and non diabetic individuals. The final concentration at which patient was able to perceive the taste was recorded. statistical analysis was done using Student’s unpaired T test. Pvalues of < 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant.
Results: The mean of sweet taste sensitivity among diabetic patients with FBS >180 mg/dl was 6245 mg/l and the mean of sweet taste sensitivity in the diabetic patients with FBS <180 mg/dl was 2249mg/l with P<0.001 which is significant. The mean of sweet taste sensitivity among diabetic patients with FBS >180 mg/dl was 6245mg/l and the mean of sweet taste sensitivity in the non diabetic individuals was 1979mg/l with P<0.01 which is significant. the mean of sweet taste sensitivity among diabetic patients with FBS <180 mg/dl was 2249 mg/l and the mean of sweet taste sensitivity in the non diabetic individuals was 1979mg/l with P>0.05 which is not significant.
Conclusion: In our study it was concluded that type-II Diabetes Mellitus patients have lesser sensitivity for the sweet taste. Loss of sensitivity leads to the increase in sugar consumption being the risk factor for worsening the disease
ROLE OF MULTI-SLICE SPIRAL CT IN EVALUATION OF NECK MASS WITH CYTOLOGICAL CORRELATION
No full textAbstract: The swellings in the neck can be caused by innumerable pathological lesions arising from the various anatomical structures lying therein. Multi-Detector CT (MDCT) has now become the new standard in a radiological imaging modality. The utilization of MDCT has resulted in improved resolution and considerable reductions in scan acquisition and display time.
Aim and Objective: This study is an effort to assess the role of MDCT in detection, characterization and diagnosing neck pathologies that correlate cytologically.
Material and Methods: A study of 50 cases in a clinically suspected neck mass was studied for 1 year. Contrast-enhanced Ct neck was done and Specific CT criteria were used to characterize the mass so that a probable diagnosis could be made. MDCT diagnoses then compared with cytological results to conclude the efficiency of MDCT analysis of neck mass.
Conclusion: Multi-detector computed tomography helps in precise anatomical localization and characterization of neck masses. Hence, it will be a method of choice for initial evaluation, preoperative planning, and biopsy targeting and postoperative follow-up.
Key Words: Neck mass; Cervical lymph node; Computed tomography; Carcinoma
Cardiovascular Effects of Listening to Fast Speech and Normal Speech
Get PDFBackground: Some previous works on the psychological impact of speech on the cardiovascular system have mainly focused on the speaker as the individual in whom clinical outcomes are being measured. There is limited data on the effects of listening to the fast speech on cardiovascular responses.
Aim: The aim of the study was to comparatively examine blood pressure and heart rate changes upon listening to normal and fast speeches.
Method: A total of 88 (22 females and 66 males) normotensive adults were recruited for the study from a university population. All subjects were made to listen to two different 13-minutes audio recordings of normal speech (news commentary) and fast speech (a radio sports presentation). Blood pressure and pulse rate changes were taken at 4-minutes time intervals during listening to the audio recordings. Based on the enthusiasm and patronage of the sports program, participants were classified as ‘‘Regular’’ listeners and ‘‘Non-regular’’ listeners. Blood pressure and pulse rate changes were calculated as the mean net area under the curve response and differences were analysed with analysis of variance.
Results: Systolic, diastolic and pulse rate responses were significantly higher in both the Regular and Non-Regular listener groups during listening to the fast-speech audio presentation as compared to the News Commentary presentation.
Conclusion: Although there is limited data, listening to fast speech itself may act as a psychosocial stressor that predisposes to an increased cardiovascular response manifested as higher blood pressure and heart rate
Valuation of stress patterns in the peri implant bone of non-parallel implants supporting a long-cantilevered prosthesis: a 3D finite element analysis
Get PDFThe treatment modality for completely edentulous arches has shifted from complete dentures to dental implants during the last 15-20 years. Tilting of implants has reduced the concern of resorbed posterior ridges in completely edentulous patients with “All-on-four” and “All-on-six” concept of dental implants. The purpose of this study is to compare the biomechanical behaviour of the “All-on-four”, “All-on-six” models with tilted distal implants at different angulations of 30 and 45 ° with four parallel placed implant-supported fixed prosthesis, and six parallel placed implant-supported fixed prosthesis models as controls using three-dimensional finite element analysis. The results showed that in all the models, in cancellous bone, cortical bone, implant and prosthesis – “All-on-four” model with distal implants tilted at an angulation of 30° showed stress values less than or equivalent to all the other models except on the implant in the presence of cantilever and on prosthesis during full mouth biting load where maximum stresses were observed. The study shows that All-on-four concept with tilted distal implants at an angulation of 30° showed stress values favourable for the rehabilitation of completely edentulous maxilla, but the presence of cantilever remains an area of concern