Sumathi Publications (E-Journals)
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THE UNBIASED TRUTH ABOUT ARTIFICIAL SWEETENERS
Get PDFSugar contribute to tooth decay and obesity but still we spoon it. Artificial sweeteners are used in one of two ways. They may be used directly in commercially processed foods or they are mixed with one or more starch based sweeteners before sale to consumers. Artificial sweeteners are so intensely sweet so small Amounts are required to imitate sugars sweet taste. In this review paper, it is going to discuss about the basic five Artificial sweeteners like Aspartame, Acesulfame, Saccharin, Sucralose and Neotame
CONCORDANCE BETWEEN FREE T4 AND T4 IN THYROID FUNCTION TESTS
Get PDFBackground: Thyroid hormones regulate the metabolism of virtually all cells in the body. The frequency of thyroid dysfunction in our population compels every physician to be skilled in the diagnosis of thyroid disease. Direct measurement of serum concentration of TSH, T4 and T3 is used to establish the diagnosis of primary hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. The free unbound fraction of T4 (FT4) and T3 (FT3) which is less than 0.03% is the active form of the hormone. Free T4 (the biologically active T4) is less sensitive to changes in serum binding proteins and hence FT4 levels could best represent the thyroid functional status Aim: To evaluate the concordance between total T4, T3 levels and free T4 levels in patients with abnormal thyroid function test reports where the full panel of TFT has been ordered. Materials & Methods: Consecutive TFT reports of patients in whom the full panel of TFT have been ordered over a two month period were included in the analysis. The results obtained were statistically analyzed by the help of Microsoft Excel and SPSS software. Results: In the hypothyroid group, the median TSH was 6.89 microIU/ml (Mean=21.25) with a mean T4 of 6.75 microgm/dl and mean FT4 of 1.03 ng/ml .In this group, the mean T3 was 0.91 ng/ml a range 0.195-1.95. In the hyperthyroid group, the mean TSH was 0.049 microIU/ml with a mean T4 and FT4 of 11.01 microgm/dl and 2.07 ng/ml and the mean T3 was 1.3 ng/ml with a range of 0.62 to 4.33. Statistical analysis using Karl Pearson\u27s method showed a significant correlation (r = 0.8) between T4 and FT4 values. It was also found that T3 also had a significant positive correlation with FT4 and T4. No significant influence of age and gender on TFT was found. 14% of the T4 values in the hypothyroid group and 40 % of T4 values in the hyperthyroid group were in the normal range while Free T4 alone showed changes consistent with the corresponding thyroid dysfunction. Conclusion: FT4 correlates highly with T4 in both primary hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, and in conjugation with TSH its measurement serves as a better tool than total T4 in the diagnosis of thyroid disorders.
KEYWORDS: Thyroid function test correlation; Free T4 concordance
EVIDENCE FOR NATUROPATHIC AND YOGIC INTERVENTIONS TO AUGMENT THE EFFECTS OF ART CARE AS AN ADJUVANT THERAPY- A PARALLEL MATCHED CONTROL STUDY
Get PDFBackground: Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is becoming a pillar in the rehabilitative efforts for many people living with HIV AIDS (PLWHA). The efficacy of naturopathic and yoga intervention, a CAM therapy is an area to be explored in rehabilitation of PLWHA. Aim: The present study, a parallel matched control study to was designed to compare the efficacy of naturopathic and yogic interventions as an adjuvant therapy with standard Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) to PLWHA. Methods: Twenty matched subjects were screened for the study based on the criteria: HIV positive subjects aged between 25 to 55 years, both sexes, no secondary infections, under ART care, last CD4 estimate done on June 2014. The intervention group (IG) underwent Naturopathic and yogic intervention along with ART in a HIV sanatorium for a month followed by periodical follow up and control group (CG) received only ART. The outcome measure was a change in CD4 count. Results: After the end of 6 month, the IG showed significant changes CD4 cell count (p=3.96E-05). The CG also showed a significant improvement in CD4 cell counts (p= 0.024) but not of the same magnitude as of IG. An independent t-test between the groups has shown that the IG was more significant (p=0.047). Conclusion: The improved levels of CD4 cells in the intervention group suggests that naturopathy and yoga can augment the efficiency of ART care and can be safely prescribed to PLWHA and prescribed as a adjuvant therapy.
KEYWORDS: HIV care; Naturopathy; Yoga; ART; CD4 count
AWARENESS AND KNOWLEDGE OF ORAL CANCER IN URBAN PUNE POPULATION: A SURVEY BASED QUESTIONNAIRE STUDY
Get PDFA self-administered survey based questionnaire study about oral carcinoma conducted at Bharati hospital, Pune. Aims: To assess the awareness and knowledge about oral malignancy, to assess the knowledge about risk factors related to oral malignancy and to assess the awareness about signs/symptoms of oral cancer in urban Pune. A self designed questionnaire-based survey was conducted at the OPD of a tertiary care institute. Materials and Methods: A self administered questionnaire-based survey. Time period: two months Study Area: OPD of a tertiary care hospital in Pune. Total Participants: 500 persons. Statistical analysis used: The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software to assess and associate oral cancer awareness. Results: The general awareness, knowledge of signs and risk factors of oral cancer were found to be proportionate to the literacy level with the highest rate of awareness being among health-care workers and post-graduates and lowest among illiterates. It was also observed that on most of these dimensions the younger age groups (<30 years) were significantly more knowledgeable. Conclusion: The awareness of oral cancer in the population of Pune was not satisfactory, pointing to a need for further dissemination of information on this issue. This is especially important for the youngsters, as this may possibly help them keep away from indulgence in any form
A STUDY ON THE CLINICO-HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CORRELATION IN HANSEN\u27S DISEASE
Get PDFIntroduction: Leprosy, caused by Mycobacterium leprae, is widely prevalent in India and presents with different subtypes. However, there exists a great variation in the interpretation of clinical and histopathological examination of these lesions. The present study was carried to correlate clinical diagnosis of leprosy cases with histopathological diagnosis. Methodology: A retrospective Hospital-based study was conducted in patients of Leprosy, who attended Dermatology Out Patient Department for a period of 18 months. Clinical diagnosis was noted and the biopsies were processed as per standard protocol in the Department of Pathology. The clinical and histopathological concordance was calculated using percentage parity. Results & Conclusion: In a total of 52 cases, 29 (55.7%) were males and 23 (44.2%) were females. The histopathological diagnoses from our study showed agreement with clinical diagnoses in 27 (57.69%) cases. Clinico-histopathological agreement was noted maximum in LL (80%), followed by BT (57.14%), BL (50 %), BB (50%), TT (46.2 %), and least in IL (42.8 %)
INCREASED SENSORY QUALITY AND CONSUMER ACCEPTABILITY BY FORTIFICATION OF CHOCOLATE FLAVORED MILK WITH OAT BETA GLUCAN
Get PDFObjective: This study is done in respect to develop a milk based product having both the properties of milk and oat beta glucan. The objective of the study is to analyze the stability, texture and overall acceptance of flavored milk with oat beta glucan and to assess the processing parameters in order to increase the stability. Materials & Methods: In this study two methods have been used. First method is one stage processing in which beta-glucan (3%) was added simultaneously with carrageenan and In Second method, oat beta-glucan is not added and chocolate milk is made by carrageenan and the other dry ingredients only. Result is tasted by sensory evaluation, texture properties and viscosity. Results: In both the studies, The mouthfeel and viscosity is better in chocolate FM fortified with oat beta glucan. Conclusion: In this study we use 3% oat beta-glucan for fortification of the chocolate milk. Sensory evaluation is carried out for consumer preference and the texture and viscosity is also measured. chocolate FM with oat beta-glucan has improved mouthfeel, viscosity and fortified with fiber milk. By adding oat beta-glucan we can claim points about Fiber as per FSSAI Guidelines also
EXPRESSION OF TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 2 AND TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 4 IN CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS BY INDIRECT IMMUNOFLUROSCENCE
Get PDFAim: The aim of the present study was to analyze the expression level and localization of Toll-like receptor 2 and Toll-like receptor 4 in gingival samples of healthy and chronic periodontitis subjects by indirect immunofluorescence technique. Methods: Gingival tissue samples were obtained from 25 healthy individuals and 25 chronic periodontitis patients. The tissues were processed and the initial characterization was done by H&E staining. Indirect immunofluorescence technique was then performed to detect TLR2 and TLR4. Immunofluorescence images were acquired and quantitative expression of TLRs was analyzed by calculating the percentage of cells showing positive results. Results: TLR2 and TLR4 expression in healthy gingival tissues were lower than in the tissues of patients with periodontitis. In patients with periodontitis both TLR2 and TLR4 expression was slightly higher in epithelium as compared to their expression in connective tissue. Conclusions: The results suggest that TLR2 and TLR4 in the gingival cells are stimulated by the bacterial products in the oral cavity and participate in the innate immune response against these organisms. KEYWORDS: Chronic Periodontitis; Gingival tissue; Immunofluorescence; TLR2 & TLR4
THROMBOCYTOPENIA AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF PREGNANCY
Get PDFBackground: Thrombocytopenia is a common finding in pregnancy, occurring in approximately 10 - 16% of women. The normal range of platelet counts decreases, and it is not uncommon for the platelet counts to decrease as pregnancy progresses. Lower platelet count observed in the pregnant are due to normal physiologic changes, and has many common causes including gestational thrombocytopenia, viral and bacterial infection and preeclampsia complicated by hemolysis. Objective: the objective was to investigate thrombocytopenia during different stages of pregnancy. Materials and methods: Sixty three pregnant women were included in this study from different clinic in Derna city. Mean age (28 ± 1.4) year with a range (20 ± 1.4) year. At the same time a group of Sixty three healthy non pregnant women mean age ( 29 ± 2.2 ) with a range ( 23 - 45 ) year to compare platelets count between them. By automated cell counter platelets from all pregnant and non pregnant were estimated. Results: Pregnant women had lower platelets count (mean 193— 109/l) as compared to healthy non pregnant women (mean 250— 109/l). There was significant decrease in platelet count in pregnant as compare with non pregnant P < 0.001. Conclusion: Platelet counts were performed on sixty three normal patients at different stages of pregnancy. Patients with complications of pregnancy known to influence the platelet count were excluded from the study. There was significant decrease in platelet count during pregnancy.
KEYWORDS: Thrombocytopenia; Gestational thrombocytopenia; Idiopathic thrombocytopenia; Pregnanc
RATHKE\u27S CLEFT CYST PRESENTING AS BILATERAL OPTIC ATROPHY
Get PDFPURPOSE: Reporting a case of Rathke\u27s cleft cyst presenting as bilateral Optic atrophy. Optic atrophy could have been prevented with appropriate surgery if the patient would have consulted ophthalmologist earlier. Case report: A 23 year-old male presented with bifrontal headache and diminution of vision over 6 months period. On fundus examination right eye showed partial optic atrophy and left eye total optic atrophy. MRI Brain showed well defined lobulated cystic lesion in the sella with suprasellar extension, peripheral rim calcification causing widening of sella and displacing anterior cerebral artery and optic chiasma superiorly. Histopathology of the biopsied material was suggestive of Rathke\u27s cleft cyst. Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal sinus surgery was done and biopsy was sent which suggested Rathke\u27s cyst. Following surgery there was improvement in the field of vision in right eye. Conclusion: Early diagnosis and removal of a Rathke\u27s cleft cyst has a good prognosis in visual acuity and visual field. Patient ended with optic atrophy because of delayed consultation for headache. KEYWORDS: Rathke\u27s cleft cyst; Optic atrophy; Headache
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF NURSING GROUP PERSONNEL NUMBER TO ACTIVE BED OF HOSPITALS AFFILIATED TO YASUJ MEDICAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY WITH EXISTING STANDARDS AND FACTORS EFFECTIVE ON IT IN 2015
Get PDFIntroduction: Most problems of institutions providing treatment services in health systems (hospitals) are due to shortage of human force or its unsuitable distribution. Among the most important ways of increasing employing nurses as the major part of hospitals human forces is standardization of quantity and distribution of this valuable source. Methods: This study is applied descriptive and of cross sectional type. The research sample and society is nursing group personnel affiliated to Yasuj Medical Sciences University. Data collecting tool is some tables containing number, gender combination and type of employment of nursing personnel (library model) and effective factors like reducing working hours rate due to efficiency law, increasing the number of hospitalization days after health system evolution plan were studied. Information after collecting was analyzed using SPSS software and using descriptive statistical tests. Results: The obtained results indicate that the ratio of nurse to active bed number is not similar to standards and there is a difference. The rate of working hours reduction due to efficiency law and the number of hospitalization days results in need to more personnel after health system evolution. Conclusion: The obtained results show that the required nursing force in the hospitals affiliated to Yasuj Medical Sciences University in some wards is not according to the standard of Ministry of Health and systematic attitude standard