The University of Kansas: Journals@KU
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A Review of the Pharmacological Effects of Ginkgo Biloba Extract
Get PDFAs an extract from a traditional medicinal plant, ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) has complex chemical components and diverse pharmacological activities that have always been a research hotspot in the medical field. This article systematically reviews the main components and extraction processes of GBE. From multiple aspects such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular protection, neural regulation, intervention in metabolic diseases, and respiratory system protection, this review explores GBE’s pharmacological effects and mechanisms of action, combined with clinical research and experimental data. Further, this review analyzes the research progress of GBE in antibacterial activity, drug interactions, and safety evaluation, aiming to provide a comprehensive theoretical reference for clinical application and subsequent research of GBE
Concurrent Small Cell and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers: The Diagnostic Challenges of Synchronous Primary Lung Tumors
No full textCommunity-led turtle conservation in the Rivers Ganga and Ramganga, Uttar Pradesh, India
Get PDFThe Gangetic River System in Uttar Pradesh, India, supports 14 species of turtles. Excessive riverbedfarming has encroached on turtle habitat used for nesting and basking. To conserve threatened turtles in the UpperGanga, an in-situ turtle conservation program was initiated jointly by the Uttar Pradesh Forest Department andWWF-India in 2012 to engage the community in turtle conservation. The local riparian community was sensitizedand mobilized to participate in conservation efforts. Turtles and the Ganga River have religious significance and arehonored by the local riparian community, which encourages active participation in conservation efforts. During thestudy, 226 riparian community members have registered as Ganga Mitras (Friends of the River) and are involved inmonitoring and other conservation efforts. A total of 828 turtle nests were rescued from riverbed agriculture with thehelp of 520 riverbed farmers in the Upper Ganga and Ramganga Rivers between 2012 and 2021. These nests contained5,828 eggs, from which 4,529 turtles were hatched and survived (77.7% hatching success). These hatchlings were thenreared in specially designed nursery ponds during the flood season and released into their respective rivers in winter.As poikilotherms, the food requirements of turtles are reduced during the winter season, making it easier for them toacclimatize to the new environment. Released turtle hatchlings were 1,945 Critically Endangered Three-striped RoofedTurtles (Batagur dhongoka), 1,292 Near-Threatened Brown Roofed Turtles (Pangshura smithii), and 1,480 Indian TentTurtles (Pangshura tentoria), which are listed as being of Least Concern
SPITSYM, A FORTRAN IV Computer Program for Spit Simulation
No full textThe development and operation of a program to simulate the formation of a shingle spit is described. This includes a detailed account of action of the subroutines that simulate the four major processes that are thought to act on the spit. The simulation relies on stochastic techniques and the program is concerned with building a spit in a 50-row by 60-column matrix so that the results of the process are graphically displayed. The example illustrating use of the program is the Hurst Castle spit on the Hampshire coast of England
Metabolic Reprogramming in Prostate Cancer: The Roles of HOXB13 and FASN in Tumor Progression and Therapy
Get PDFMetabolic reprogramming, particularly lipid metabolism, is a hallmark of cancer progression and a critical vulnerability in prostate cancer (PCa). Two pivotal studies, one by Lu et al. and the other by Dairo et al., have illuminated the roles of HOXB13, a transcriptional regulator, and fatty acid synthase (FASN), a key enzyme in lipid biosynthesis, in the metabolic dysregulation of PCa. The Lu et al. study highlights HOXB13’s role in androgen receptor (AR)-independent PCa, where it regulates lipid metabolism via epigenetic mechanisms involving histone deacetylase HDAC3. A G84E mutation in HOXB13 disrupts this regulation, leading to increased lipid synthesis and a pro-metastatic phenotype. The Dairo et al. study demonstrates that FASN hypomethylation, coupled with increased expression, drives lipid biosynthesis critical for tumor growth. Both studies establish a link between HOXB13 mutations and FASN dysregulation, underscoring their interplay in PCa biology. Therapeutically, pharmacological inhibition of FASN mitigates the aggressive features of HOXB13-deficient or mutant PCa, highlighting lipid metabolism as a promising target. Despite their strengths, including robust methodologies, limitations include reliance on preclinical models and the need for broader patient diversity. These studies collectively emphasize the potential of metabolic and epigenetic interventions for precision medicine in PCa, paving the way for novel therapies targeting lipid metabolism in patients with specific genetic and epigenetic profiles
An Overview of ADAR Inhibitors: Mechanisms, Applications, and Future Directions
Get PDFAdenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) are enzymes responsible for converting adenosine to inosine in double-stranded RNA through a process known as A-to-I editing. This modification is essential for regulating RNA function, impacting key processes such as immune response, gene expression, and RNA stability. ADARs, especially ADAR1, have been linked to several diseases, including cancer, viral infections, and autoimmune disorders, making them promising targets for therapeutic development. Currently, no FDA-approved drugs are specifically marketed as ADAR inhibitors. This review offers a brief analysis of known ADAR inhibitors, with a focus on their mechanisms of action, structural properties, and potential applications. We explore a range of inhibitors, including small molecules, peptide-based inhibitors, natural compounds, and RNA-based inhibitors, and discuss their ability to selectively modulate ADAR activity. The review also addresses the therapeutic implications of these inhibitors in cancer, viral infections, and inflammatory diseases. In addition, we examine future directions for developing more selective and potent ADAR inhibitors, emphasizing both the challenges and opportunities in the field. By consolidating current findings and identifying existing gaps, this review aims to enhance the understanding and therapeutic potential of ADAR inhibition
Athletic ability, performance, and character: A hierarchical examination of prospective college athlete evaluation and the function of recruiting as institutional work
Get PDFIntercollegiate athletics recruiting is depicted by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) as the “lifeblood” of college sport. Given the correlation between recruiting success and winning in college football specifically, and the relationship between winning and revenue generation, NCAA member institutions place the utmost significance on football recruiting. Within the context of football recruiting as strategic institutional work, college football coaches promulgate institutionalized logics through the indoctrination of prospective college athletes. To further conceptualize institutional work and logics in the recruitment of prospective college athletes, the present study sought to examine the evaluative factors college football coaches prioritize when recruiting prospective college athletes. Semi-structured interviews with 10 football coaches at Football Bowl Subdivision member institutions during the 2023 college football season reveal the strategic emphasis placed on football ability and football character in the recruitment of prospective college athletes
Coexistence of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Lymphoproliferative Disorders – Analysis from a Tertiary Center
Get PDFBackground: The coexistence of motor neuron diseases (MNDs) and lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs) has been documented historically in a few small retrospective studies but an update is lacking.
Objective: The goal of this study is to expand the database of patients with these coexisting diseases, and to describe the natural history and overall outcomes including presumed or identified cause of mortality (neurologic versus oncologic).
Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis of all patients within the Cleveland Clinic diagnosed with one or more LPDs between January 1, 2012 and June 30, 2021, was performed to identify patients with a diagnosis of MND.
Results: A total of 20 patients with one MND diagnosis and one coexisting LPD were included in the final analysis. Their clinical features are characterized. In 17 patients, the diagnosis of LPD was made prior to the MND diagnosis. Eighteen patients passed away with a mean survival of 49.1 (range: 6 to 128) months from the MND onset. In 16 patients, the cause of death was MND related. The incidence rates of MNDs and myasthenia gravis were examined in a group of 6,169 patients with LPDs. The incidence rate of MNDs in LPDs seems to be higher than those of the general population, appeared over-represented when comparing to the occurrence of myasthenia gravis in LPDs.
Conclusion: Coexisting MND and LPD continue to occur. There seems to be an over representation of MND in patients with LPDs