The University of Kansas: Journals@KU
Not a member yet
16504 research outputs found
Sort by
“One of the Most Satisfying Parts of the Job”: The Perceived Mattering and Role Satisfaction of NCAA Faculty Athletic Representatives
Get PDFThe increase in research related to intercollegiate athletic coaching, athletes, and leadership continues to be of note within the sport management field. However, less is known about the position of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Faculty Athletic Representative (FAR) despite their important role to serve as a liaison between the academic and athletic units on their campuses. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine NCAA FARs perceived mattering, role satisfaction, relationship between the two variables, and the experiences and interactions that affected their perceptions of mattering. Three hundred and two NCAA FARs participated in the survey and results demonstrated that overall FARs perceived they mattered and had high satisfaction in their role. Open-ended responses expanded this sense of mattering by situating it within recognition for service, contributions to decision-making and communication with leadership, and aiding student-athlete success. However, when mattering was not felt, it was due to exclusion from leadership, lack of power, and a lack of compensation. Thus, practical and managerial implications are provided to ensure the role of the FAR is furthering the goals of both academic and athletic communities alike on their campuses
Measurement of the impact-parameter dependent azimuthal anisotropy in coherent ρ0 photoproduction with ALICE
Get PDFCoherent vector meson photoproduction in ultraperipheral heavy-ion collisions is a well established tool to probe the gluon structure of the colliding nuclei. We will focus on the observation of quantum interference effects in the ρ 0 meson photoproduction, in the form of angular anisotropy. Such an anisotropy appears due to two different factors: first, the photons involved in the process are linearly polarized along the impact parameter, and, second, quantum interference occurs between the two amplitudes that contribute to the ρ0 photoproduction cross section. Furthermore, the interference effect strongly depends on the impact parameter of the collision, which acts as the distance between the openings of a two-slit interferometer. We present the first measurement of this anisotropy in coherent ρ0 photoproduction from ultraperipheral Pb–Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy of √sNN = 5.02 TeV per nucleon pair, as a function of the impact parameter of the collision. The latter is estimated by classifying the events in nuclear-breakup classes defined by neutron emission. The ρ0 mesons are detected by the ALICE experiment through their decay into a pion pair. The anisotropy occurs as a function of ϕ, defined as the azimuth angle between the two vectors formed by the sum, and the difference, of the transverse-momentum of the pions, respectively. It results in a cos(2ϕ) modulation of the photoproduced ρ0; the amplitude of the modulation is found to increase by about one order of magnitude from large to small impact parameters. This trend is compatible with the available theoretical prediction
Measurement of dilepton production from photon fusion processes in Pb+Pb UPC with the ATLAS detector
Get PDFRelativistic heavy-ion beams at the LHC are accompanied by a large flux of equivalent photons, leading to multiple photon-induced processes. This report presents a series of measurements of dilepton production from photon fusion performed by the ATLAS Collaboration. Recent measurements of exclusive dielectron production in ultra-peripheral collisions (UPC) are presented. These processes provide strong constraints on the nuclear photon flux and its dependence on the impact parameter and photon energy. Comparisons of the measured cross sections to QED predictions from the STARLight and SuperChic models are also presented. Tau-pair production measurements can constrain the tau lepton\u27s anomalous magnetic dipole moment (g-2), and a recent ATLAS measurement using muonic decays of tau leptons in association with electrons and tracks provides one of the most stringent limits available to date. Furthermore, measurements of muon pairs produced via two-photon scattering processes in hadronic (i.e. non-UPC) Pb+Pb collisions are discussed. These non-UPC measurements provide a novel test of strong-field QED and may be a potentially sensitive electromagnetic probe of the quark-gluon plasma. These measurements include the dependence of the cross section and angular correlation on the mean transverse momenta of the dimuon pair, the rapidity separation between the muons, and the angle of the pair relative to the second-order event-plane, all measured differentially as a function of the Pb+Pb collision centrality
Collision geometry in UPC dijet production
Get PDFWe present a comprehensive NLO pQCD study on inclusive dijet photoproduction in ultraperipheral nucleus-nucleus collisions (UPCs). Our analysis takes into account the finite size of both the photon-emitting and the target nucleus, estimated using the Wood-Saxon nuclear density profile. We show that a significant part of the measured dijets at large z_\gamma in UPC Pb+Pb collisions at 5.02 TeV come from events with relatively small impact parameters of the order of a few nuclear radii, and the cross section predictions thus become sensitive to the modelling of the collision geometry and photon flux near the source nucleus. In addition, we include the modelling of electromagnetic breakup survival factor needed for a direct comparison with the experimental data and study the resolution power of this process in terms of the impact-parameter dependent nuclear parton distribution functions
“Fireman on the Devil’s Train”: Image of the Soviet Leaders in American Popular Music during the Cold War
Get PDFThe aim of this article is to determine the place and role of American popular music in the process of formation and evolution of the images of Soviet leaders in the context of the Cold War based on the constructivist approach. Popular culture reflects ideas and views deeply rooted in the public consciousness, and at the same time creates such ideas and stereotypes through the formation of spontaneous images and their consolidation in popular culture. In this regard, the analysis of the repertoire of images replicated by American popular music of various genres allows us to contribute to the historiography of the Cold War from the point of view of studying it as an image confrontation between the two powers. In addition, identifying the evolution of ideas about Soviet leaders in American popular culture makes it possible to expand our understanding of the socio-cultural context of the development of Soviet-American relations. This article examines the lyrics of songs by popular US performers as a source for understanding the set of values through the prism of which the authors gave characteristics, assessed the personalities and activities of their characters, thereby actually acting as actors in the ideological confrontation between the two systems. The evolution of the images of Soviet leaders in American popular music from the second half of the 1940s to the 1960s clearly demonstrates how their perception changed radically three times in a relatively short period of time. Due to the tradition of personifying countries through the images of their rulers, this change reflected the transformation of ideas about the possibility of interaction with the Soviet Union as a potential international partner. The transition from the allied relations of the Second World War to the confrontation in the conditions of the Cold War was accompanied by the demonization of the image of I.V. Stalin. A short-term “thaw” in the domestic and foreign policies of the Soviet Union gave rise to hopes for the possibility of cooperation between the two countries in ensuring peace and security. These hopes and the associated humanized image of N.S. Khrushchev were replicated both by the American mass media and the work of musicians working in various genres of popular music. However, in the context of the aggravation of Soviet-American relations during the Cuban Missile Crisis, which put the countries on the brink of a nuclear conflict, hopes were replaced by new disappointment. This disappointment was compounded by high expectations from the new Soviet leadership, which resulted in a return to the radical rhetoric of the Cold War
Unusual nesting habits, floral associations, and natural enemies of the Neotropical leaf-cutter bee Megachile exaltata Smith (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)
Get PDFLeaf-cutter bees (genus Megachile Latreille) represent a diverse group whose biology remains poorly documented, especially in the tropics. Here, we describe the nesting behavior, cell morphology, floral associations, and natural enemies of Megachile (Austromegachile) exaltata Smith, based on nests found in Western Costa Rica. Brood cells were built entirely from leaf pieces of Euphorbia (Chamaesyce) (Euphorbiaceae), and many were built in the open, rather than within pre-existing cavities. These exposed cells were placed among a wide range of man-made objects, such as umbrellas, plastic panels, black plastic bags, and even clothing. Bees also nested in pre-existing cavities, such as crevices, bamboo canes, and abandoned nests of black mud dauber wasps (Sphecidae: Sceliphron spp.). Palynological analyses of brood provisions showed that pollen consisted exclusively of Muntingia calabura L. (Muntingiaceae), a widely distributed Neotropical shrub or tree, indicating monofloral foraging. Brood cells were parasitized by the cuckoo bee Coelioxys otomita Cresson, parasitic wasps (Chalcididae: Brachymeria sp.), and phorid flies [Phoridae: Megaselia scalaris (Loew)]. These findings expand our understanding of the nesting plasticity and ecological interactions of Neotropical leaf cutter bees.
Influence of Oscillation Drilling on Screw Purchase: A Comparative Biomechanical Study
No full textIntroduction. Oscillation drilling (OD) is commonly used in orthopaedic surgery to minimize soft tissue damage and control drill advancement, thereby reducing the risk of “plunging” through cortical bone. However, its effect on screw purchase compared to forward drilling (FD) remains unstudied. The purpose of this study was to compare maximal insertional torque (MIT), a proxy for screw purchase, following OD and FD in a synthetic bone model.
Methods. Pilot holes were drilled into synthetic femoral shaft models using OD and FD with three drill bit sizes (2.0 mm, 2.6 mm, and 3.2 mm). Corresponding self-tapping stainless-steel screws (2.7 mm, 3.5 mm, and 4.5 mm) were inserted into the pilot holes. MIT was measured during screw insertion using an axial torsion testing device, with five trials per condition.
Results. For 2.7 mm screws, mean MIT was 195.8 ± 47.0 N·cm (FD) versus 232.8 ± 11.8 N·cm (OD); for 3.5 mm screws, 336.8 ± 100.6 N·cm (FD) versus 357.4 ± 150.7 N·cm (OD); and for 4.5 mm screws, 943.5 ± 551.8 N·cm (FD) versus 1089.2 ± 232.2 N·cm (OD). No statistically significant differences in MIT were found between FD and OD across screw sizes (p = 0.85), although MIT increased significantly with the 4.5 mm screws (p <0.001).
Conclusions. OD and FD produced comparable screw purchase across screw sizes, suggesting that either technique may be used without compromising fixation strength in orthopaedic applications.
Association of Maternal Language Spoken at Home with Prenatal Care and Delivery Outcomes among Asian and Pacific Islander Populations in Kansas
Get PDFIntroduction. In the United States, limited English proficiency (LEP) and provider-patient language discordance are associated with poorer medical outcomes when compared to English-proficient and language-concordant patients. Asia American and Pacific Islanders (AAPI) have higher than average rates of LEP and therefore may be more vulnerable to these poorer outcomes. This study sought to identify differences in risk factors, medical care, and delivery outcomes between those giving birth who spoke English at home and those who spoke Asian or Pacific Islander languages at home in Kansas.
Methods. De-identified birth and death certificate data from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2018 were provided by the Kansas Department of Health and Environment with a sample size of 17,067. Controlling for race, a comparison of risk factors, medical care, and delivery outcomes was made between speakers of AAPI languages and English-speakers using Likelihood Chi-square and Fisher’s exact test.
Results. Non-English-speakers tended to initiate prenatal care later (p<0.0001) and have less adequate prenatal care (p<0.0001). They also had increased incidence of forceps- and vacuum-assisted deliveries (p<0.0001) and were more likely to experience third- or fourth-degree perineal lacerations compared to English-speakers (p<0.0001). Neonatal outcomes between groups were largely similar.
Conclusion. Controlling for race, speakers of AAPI languages were more likely to experience poorer maternal delivery outcomes (including forceps- and vacuum-assisted delivery and third- or fourth-degree perineal laceration) compared to those who spoke English at home. This may be due to patient-provider language discordance limiting patient autonomy and/or affecting medical decision-making in urgent and emergent situations