Ateneo de Manila University: Journals Online
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Shifting the 'White Gaze' on Black Bodies in Philippine Collegiate Basketball: Toward a Structural Understanding of Covert Racism in the Global South
Get PDFIn a postcolonial Global South context, the representation of race seems to persist and is manifested through the media scripting of Black African sporting bodies that in effect extends the deployment of the “White gaze,” the effort to explore the Black body within the context of white supremacy. Through a qualitative content analysis of media texts in the Philippines, the paper illustrates how in a postmodern context racial stereotypes literally play out within Philippine collegiate basketball framed by the “White gaze” that expresses a covert form of racism that supports an essentialist deployment of categories of race. The paper ends with a call for praxis that critiques subtle racialized ideologies and institutionalized racism in a postmodern Global South context
Foreign Language Policy and Pedagogy in the Philippines: Potentials for a Decolonial Approach
Get PDFThe implementation of the Department of Education’s Special Program in Foreign Language (SPFL) marked the beginnings of the nationwide institutionalization of a range of foreign languages (FL) in the Philippines, stimulating new sites of inquiry for the field of critical language studies. Many of the languages offered under the SPFL do not share the historical and social grounding of the country’s official languages. However, they find common ground with English in the extant colonial framings of language teaching and learning, which have often impeded local agency in structuring or reimagining encounters with the “foreign.” As such, this paper aims to explore decolonial approaches to issues that have emerged alongside the promotion and teaching of foreign language classes across all levels of education in the Philippines by drawing inspiration from the decoloniality movement in Latin America and related efforts to de-center knowledge and digress from extant canons. First, it problematizes the implicit reinforcement of the one-nation one-language habitus, paying particular attention to assumptions that guide foreign language policies, materials, and teaching methods that reinforce global linguistic hierarchies and assumptions in favor of “competitiveness.” Second, considerations for alternative foreign language teaching approaches and materials are put forward, factoring in the Philippines’ sociolinguistic and historical features that have guided its framing of the “foreign,” as well as extant challenges in promoting intercultural reflection in an increasingly neoliberal educational setting. Challenges in integrating a decolonial perspective in institutional conceptualizations and policies on foreign language teaching in the Philippines conclude this paper to stimulate reflection on how language teaching may offer opportunities to rethink our relationship to language and interlingual/intercultural encounters
Pinusong sa Panahon ng “Veerus”: Ang Tula sa Internet Bilang Kontra-Pusong
Get PDFNaglalayong mailantad ng papel na ito ang mga tula sa internet na may katangiang pinusong at maitanghal ang mga ito bilang kontra-pusong sa panahon ng “veerus” o panahon ng pandemya sa ilalim ng pamamahala ni Duterte, na kinikilala rin bilang “pinunong pusong” (sovereign trickster) ayon kay Vicente Rafael. Gamit ang teoryang carnivalesque ni Mikhail Bahktin, binasa ang mga tula ng makatang pusong sa layuning mailantad ang gawaing pagbabaligtad at pagtumba ng kaayusan bilang politikal na proyekto ng pagbalikwas sa diskurso ng “veerus” na siyang kinokonstrak ng “pinunong pusong.” Sa tradisyonal na pagbasa ng pinusong, ipinalalabas na ito ay karaniwang gawaing pangungutya at pagbabaligtad ng mababang uri ng kaayusang pumapabor sa naghaharing uri. Subalit lumalabas na ang mga tulang isinulat bilang pinusong ay maaaring hindi limitado sa artikulasyon ng mababang uri sa dahilang ang mga ito ay markado ng pagiging edukado at pagkakaroon ng modernong rasyonalidad ng makatang sumulat. Batay sa naunang konstruksiyon ng “pinunong pusong,” ang mga binasang tula ay maituturing nang kontra-pusong at maituturing nang taliwas sa tradisyonal na konsepto ng pusong sa kabila ng pagpapatuloy pa rin ng pinusong na praktis ng pagtatanghal ng mali, ng pangit, ng madugo, ng bastos, at ng pagpapalusot.unang ipinasa: 29 Setyembre 2020tinanggap para sa publikasyon: 25 Nobyembre 202
Challenges to the Churches in Asia Today
Get PDFGeorg Evers, in “Challenges to the Churches in Asia Today,” begins with a brief overview of the situation of the Asian churches before Vatican II. He then discusses the significance of the Council for the Asian churches with special attention to the founding of the Federation of Asian Bishops’ Conferences. He describes the main characteristics of the Catholic churches in Asia. In the main theme of his talk, “The Challenges to the Asian Churches,” Evers presents prophetic figures who have inspired the churches to radical Christian commitment and invites us to examine contemporary secular and theological challenges
Pader sa Dalawang Mundo: Autoheograpiya ng Isang Burgis
Get PDFAyon kay Georg Simmel, makikita sa pang-araw-araw na pamumuhay at pagkilos ng mga tagalungsod ang tinatawag na blasé attitude, ang manhid na pakikitungo sa kapwa. Bagaman iniuugat ni Simmel ang blasé attitude sa dami ng nagsasalikop na karanasang nagpapapurol sa pandama ng taga-lungsod, layunin ng papel na ito na siyasatin kung paano nahuhulma ang blasé attitude bunga ng mga nililikhang pader, kongkreto at epistemiko, na nagtatakda ng demarkasyon ng espasyo ayon sa antas ng lipunan. Gamit ang iba’t ibang personal na karanasan mula sa pamumuhay sa eksklusibo at gated community sa tabi ng EDSA hanggang sa pagsakay sa pribadong sasakyan, iniuugnay ng papel na ito ang paghulma ng blasé attitude sa mga ironiyang kinahaharap sa lungsod ng buhay-burgis
Wikang FIlipino, Wikang Pa(pa)tay: Tokhang, Pagpatay, at ang Kasalukuyang Danas ng Wikang Filipino
Get PDFNang magwagi ang “tokhang”bilang Salita ng Taon sa ginanap na Sawikaan 2018 ng Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino (KWF) katuwang ang Filipinas Institute of Translators (FTI), nagkaroon ng muling pagtingin sa kapangyarihan ng wika na magbago at magpabago. Ilang araw matapos ito, ginulantang naman ng Korte Suprema hindi lamang ang mga iskolar kung hindi ang buong akademya, lalo na ang mga nag-aaral ng Filipino at Panitikan, sa desisyon nitong tanggalin ang dalawang nabanggit bilang mga asignatura sa kolehiyo at panatilihin ito, nang walang kasiguruhan, sa loob ng kurikulum ng K-12. Tila cha-cha ang dalawang eksena sa usapin ng sitwasyong pangwika (na hindi na rin naman bago): urong-sulong, sumasabay sa musikang pinapatugtog ng kung sino mang nakaupo. Ang epekto? Pabago-bago at marupok na sandigan ng isang bayan na unti-unti ay tinutukhang. Sa maikli ngunit magulong kasaysayan ng ating wikang pambansa, napakarami na nitong dinanas na pagbabago hindi lamang mula sa mga gumagamit nito, ngunit pati na rin sa mga sang-ayon at salungat rito. Ayon nga sa nagpanukala ng “tokhang” bilang Salita ng Taon na si Mark Angeles, ang mga nagwawaging salita ng taon ay marka ng isang kasalukuyan, at repleksiyon ng isang magiging bahagi ng kasaysayan sa nalalapit na hinaharap (2018). Ang ating araw-araw na paggamit ng wika ng isang panahon, partikular ng isang salita, ay pagpapalawig ng isang ideolohiya ng hindi natin tunay na namamalayan kung hindi tunay na bibigyang-pansin. Sa papel na ito, ilalarawan ang pagbabagong dulot ng pagpapalaganap ng isang salitang nakakawing sa krimen at pagpapatay, at kung paanong tumitining dito ang kasalukuyang tindig ng wikang Filipino
“Charming Eyes”: Exploring Agency through the Beauty and Makeup Practices of Salesladies in Metropolitan Manila’s Department Stores
Get PDFAn examination of the role and meaning of beauty and makeup practices among the salesladies of Metropolitan Manila’s department stores brings forth a worker-centered analysis of “agency” using the notion of “charming eyes.” Here, we find an intimate blending of the practices of working as a saleslady: how compliance with the company’s “appearance rules” and “beauty standards” serve the interests of retail businesses and are not merely expressions of individuality. Simultaneously, this analysis addresses concerns about working and pursuing their goals, desires, and aspirations in life. Through the ethnographic approach, this study was comprehensively contextualized through the everyday lived experiences of acting subjects within the setting, thereby capturing their rich voices. Data sources include interviews, life narratives, observations, photo documentation, material object analysis, and secondary research. I argue that the emergence of “agency” is context specific: to reveal “agency” is to understand the context and how practices correspond with the limits and possibilities therein. The salesladies’ “agency” was manifested in the beauty and makeup practices as they enacted work with their respective mobility—social, cultural, economic—projects in mind. This view subverts the usual low-pay, low-status, and lowprestige associations of the occupation. As a counter-narrative, the article shows a specific group of workers making sense of their work conditions as they try to meaningfully engage its constraints and transform their lives on their terms (Ortner 2006)