French-Ukrainian Journal of Chemistry
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Ethnobotanical Survey, Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activity of Methanolic Extracts of Pistacia lentiscus L. Growing in Northwestern Algeria
Get PDFIn the context of biological studies on an antidiabetic plant, we conducted an ethnobotanical study of Pistacia lentiscus L., collected from two regions in the Northwest of Algeria: Mesra (Mostaganem city) and Mohammadia (Mascara city), followed by a chemical and antioxidant studies of methanolic extracts the leaves of this plant. Ethnobotanically, the plant has a large use, especially in traditional medicine as antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and cosmetics, such as polishing teeth and maintaining gums, moisturizing hair and protecting follicles, polishing skin and perfuming. Also, results showed its richness in active metabolites, such as polyphenols, flavonoids and tanins. The Mesra methanolic extract was more effective than Mohammadia’s one with 90.12 ± 2.74 mg EqGAc/g DW, 41.86 ± 1.52 mg EqCer/g DW, 27.45 ± 056 mg EqCat/g DW while Mohammadia extract revealed 80.31 ± 1.42 mg EqGAc/g DW, 33.92 ± 1.71 mg Eq Cer/g DW, 27.61 ±1.53 mg EqCat/g DW for phenolic compounds, flavonoids and tannins respectively. In addition, the antioxidant study revealed a powerful antioxidant effect with an IC50 of 0.06 mg/mL and 0.1 mg/mL for methanolic extract. This antidiabetic plant is valuable from a health point of view, so we are seeking to confirm another biological activity in vitro and in vivo
Biomarkers for Cancer: A Detail Review
Get PDFWhen aberrant cells multiply uncontrolled, transcend their normal borders, invade nearby tissues, or spread to other organs, a wide spectrum of illnesses collectively referred to as "cancer" can arise in practically every organ or tissue of the body. The second-leading cause of death globally in 2018, cancer was expected to be responsible for 9.6 million deaths, or one in every six fatalities. A cancer biomarker is a characteristic that can be used to gauge a patient's likelihood of developing cancer or its outcome. Various biomarkers can be used at molecular and cellular level. It is crucial that biomarkers undergo thorough review, including analytical validation, clinical validation, and appraisal of clinical value, prior to being included into normal clinical treatment because of the crucial role they play at all stages of disease. We discuss important steps in the creation of biomarkers in this review, including how to prevent introducing bias and standards to adhere to when presenting the findings of biomarker research
Peculiarities of the State of the Body's Immunoprotective Functions, Bacterioscopic and Cytological Studies in the Presence of a Chronic Inflammatory Process of the Reproductive System
Get PDFAt the current stage, the state of health of the Ukrainian nation of reproductive age is characterized by a low birth rate. Chronic inflammatory diseases of the reproductive system significantly affect the health of millions of people of childbearing age. Chronic inflammation is characterized by a protracted, often erased course, a tendency to relapse, the presence of complications and resistance to therapy. The development and formation of inflammatory diseases are based on interconnected processes that begin with acute inflammation and end with destructive changes, therefore the assessment of the body's adaptive capabilities is increasingly considered one of the most important health criteria. There is a whole series of integral hematological indicators that allow you to assess the state of various parts of the immune system without resorting to special research methods
Enhancing Corrosion Resistance of Carbon Steel in Sulfuric Acid Using β-cyclodextrin as an Inhibitor
Get PDFThe corrosion process leads to substantial economic losses, particularly in the industrial sector, emphasizing the importance of preventive measures. This study aimed to investigate the impact of inhibitor concentration, immersion duration, and temperature on the corrosion of carbon steel in a sulfuric acid environment, assessed through mass loss measurements. Inhibition efficiency displayed a positive correlation with increasing inhibitor concentration, while it declined as temperatures rose.
In a 0.5 M sulfuric acid solution, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) exhibited an inhibition efficiency of 62.26% at a concentration of 1 mM. The addition of potassium iodide (KI) significantly enhanced the inhibition efficiency to 97.98%, indicating a synergistic effect. The study encompassed various calculations, including the determination of activation energy (Ea), activation enthalpy (ΔHa), activation entropy (ΔSa), adsorption-free energy (ΔGads), adsorption enthalpy (ΔHads), and adsorption entropy (ΔSads). The adsorption of the inhibitor onto the carbon steel surface conformed to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Additionally, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) investigations provided further verification of β-cyclodextrin's adsorption on the carbon steel surface
Oxidation Kinetics of some Lower Oxyacids of Phosphorus by Picolinium Chlorochromate: Determination of Reactive Reducing Species
Get PDFPicolinium chlorochromate (PICC) in dimethylsuloxide (DMSO) oxidizes lower oxyacids of phosphorus, forming matching oxyacids with phosphorus in a higher oxidation state. The reaction shows a stoichiometry of 1:1. In relation to PICC, the response is first order. Regarding the reductants, a kinetics of the Michaelis-Menten type was noticed. Acrylonitrile does not undergo polymerization as a result of the reaction. Hydrogen ions function as catalysts for reactions. The form of the hydrogen-ion dependency is: kobs = a + b[H+]. Deuterated phosphinic and phenylphosphinic acids showed a significant primary kinetic isotope impact during oxidation. Nineteen different organic solvents were used to study the oxidation. The multiparametric equations of Taft and Swain were used to analyze the solvent effects. The influence of the solvent shows that the polarity of the solvent is crucial to the process. The penta-coordinated tautomer of the phosphorus oxyacid has been shown to be the reactive reductant, and it has been determined that the tricoordinated forms of phosphorus oxyacids do not take part in the oxidation process. It has been hypothesized that the rate-determining phase involves the transfer of a hydride ion
Ethnobotanical and Phytochemical Study of the Medicinal Plant Atriplex Halimus and Its Importance in the Traditional Algerian Pharmacopoeia
Get PDFAtriplex halimus, is a medicinal plant widely used in Algerian phytotherapy. This study included an ethnobotanical and phytochemical survey on aqueous extracts (phytochemical screening, HPLC analysis, phenolic content and antioxidant activity). The ethnobotanical study on A. halimus showed that aqueous extracts are the most used therapeutic means. The phytochemical study has determined that the phenolic content varies significantly from one extract to another depending on the extraction method. In addition, HPLC analysis has revealed various bioactive compounds that mainly belong to the flavonoid category. A. halimus is a valuable source of nutraceutic for various diseases
Development and Validation of a Simple Procedure for the Kinetic Spectrophotometric Quantitative Determination of Ceftriaxone Using Potassium Caroate
Get PDFA simple procedure for the quantitative determination of the Ceftriaxone pure substance by the spectrophotometric method in its kinetic modification using Caro’s acid has been developed and validated. The scheme of the chemical transformation of Ceftriaxone with the reaction of potassium caroate has been proposed. The appearance of a new wave gives the possibility of developing a new procedure for the quantitative determination of Ceftriaxone. The obtained results of accuracy and precision are as follows: RSD = 1.63-2.25 %, δ = 0.33-0.96 %. LOD = 0.1 µg/mL, LOQ = 0.33 µg/mL
Assessment of the State of Platelet Haemostasis and Adhesive - Aggregation Properties of Platelets as a Factor of Increasing the Tendency to Thrombosis in Chronic Inflammation
Get PDFIn recent decades, considerable progress has been made in understanding the functional mechanisms of platelets and the correction of platelet haemostasis. Platelets are considered the most important participants in both the normal and pathological thrombotic processes characteristic of a variety of diseases and conditions. Alterations in various limbs of haemostasis are found in many somatic diseases (atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, stroke), surgical procedures, oncological and immunological diseases. Inflammation underlies most diseases and remains an urgent problem in medicine. In the leukocyte infiltration of the inflammatory focus, the mechanism of its self-preservation is of great importance. The activation of haematopoiesis during inflammation is triggered by factors released by stimulated leukocytes of the focus and peripheral blood. Therefore, the problem of the state of the haemostasis system should be the focus of constant attention of clinicians, and with the help of laboratory monitoring of the state of the haemostasis system, it is possible to carry out drug correction of the haemocoagulation potential
Computational Docking Study of Calanolides as Potential Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease
Get PDFDespite the nationwide effort provided to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, we have yet to approve a specific antiviral treatment against the SARS-CoV-2. We have studied the molecular interactions between two anti-HIV-1 natural drugs, +(-) calanolide A and -(-) calanolide B, and the active site of 3CLpro through a computational docking method. Our promising results show that the two compounds of this study are potential inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro through strong binding to its catalytic dyad. Considering its progress in clinical trials as an anti-HIV-1 treatment, we suggest that +(-) calanolide A is a good candidate for the treatment of COVID-19
Identification of Potential Ligands of the Main Protease of Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV) Using Multimodal Generative Neural-Networks
Get PDFThe recent outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is posing a global threat to human population. The pandemic caused by novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), also called as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2); first emerged in Wuhan city, Hubei province of China in December 2019. The rapid human to human transmission has caused the contagion to spread world-wide affecting 244,385,444 (244.4 million) people globally causing 4,961,489 (5 million) fatalities dated by 27 October 2021. At present, 6,697,607,393 (6.7 billion) vaccine doses have been administered dated by 27 October 2021, for the prevention of COVID-19 infections. Even so, this critical and threatening situation of pandemic and due to various variants’ emergence, the pandemic control has become challenging; this calls for gigantic efforts to find new potent drug candidates and effective therapeutic approaches against the virulent respiratory disease of COVID-19. In the respiratory morbidities of COVID-19, the functionally crucial drug target for the antiviral treatment could be the main protease/3-chymotrypsin protease (Mpro/3CLpro) enzyme that is primarily involved in viral maturation and replication. In view of this, in the current study I have designed a library of small molecules against the main protease (Mpro) of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV) by using multimodal generative neural-networks. The scaffold-based molecular docking of the series of compounds at the active site of the protein was performed; binding poses of the molecules were evaluated and protein-ligand interaction studies followed by the binding affinity calculations validated the findings. I have identified a number of small promising lead compounds that could serve as potential inhibitors of the main protease (Mpro) enzyme of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV). This study would serve as a step forward in the development of effective antiviral therapeutic agents against the COVID-19