Animal Production (E-Journal, JAP)
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Identification and Characterization of Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Indigenous Goat Milk
Get PDFProbiotic lactic acid bacteria play role as functional food and it is very important to know their identification and characterization. The diversity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from Ettawa crossbred and Saanen crossbreed goat milk was studied in terms of morphology, physiology and their characteristics. A total of 33 lactic acid bacterial strains were isolated and 18 isolates passed the initial selection. The second step was in vitro test, namely their resistances to low pH (2, 2.5, and 3.5) and bile salt (0.3%) were evaluated to know their potential as probiotic. The results showed that all strains grew well at acid condition (pH 2, 2.5, and 3.2) and seven strains grew well at bile salt (0.3%). Identification with API test for seven isolates showed that two isolates were Lactobacillus rhamnosus, 1 isolate was Lactobacillus plantarum and four isolates were Lactobacillus plantarum 1. (Animal Production 13 (1):57-63 (2011)Key Words: goat milk, lactic acid bacteria, probiotic, in vitr
Effects of Sex and Slaughter Weight on Physical Characteristics of Carcass of New Zealand White Crossbred
No full textThe objective of the experiment was to investigate the effects of sex and slaughter weight on physical characteristics of carcass of New Zealand White crossbred rabbits. 32 heads of New Zealand White crossbred rabbits (16 male and 16 female) by individual cages were involved in this study. Two levels of  nested classifications were applied in this study. Male and female rabbits were grouped by slaughter weight (SW) SW1 (1,259.38 ± 16.44 g), SW2 (1,674.88 ± 26.55 g), SW3 (2,076.25 ± 26.59 g), and SW4 (2,398.50 ± 19.41 g), and four replications. Variables consist of  carcass weight and percentage, lean, bone, and fat weight and percentages. Analysis of  variance and least significant test (LSD) were applied in this. This study reavealed that sex did not affect significantly (P>0.05) in all variables, whereas slaughter weight had significant effect (P<0.01) on all variables measured. It can be concluded that physical characteristics of carcass of male rabbits are similar to those of female with the same SW, but SW significantly increase physical carcass characteristics, except to percentage of bone. (Animal Production 10(2): 85-89 (2008) Key Words: Rabbits, carcass characteristic, slaughter weight, sex, New Zealand Whit
Utilization of the Resistance of Some Leucaena Cultivars Against Leucaena - Psyllids for Forage Production : A Review
No full textUtilization of the resistance of some Leucaena cultivar of leucaena psyllids (Heteropsylla cubana). The degree of resistance was determined based on the level of plant damage after a certain time of exposure to the psyllids and can be classified into three groups based on their levels of damages. They were : resistant (scale of 1 - 3) level of damage did not exceed curling of levels; tolerant (scale of 4 - 6) level of damage did not exceed 25% of leaf fall and susceptible (scale of 7 - 9) level damage exceed 75% of leaf fall. Only one cultivar was highly resistant that was L. diversifolia at the field station.   There were positive corelations between psyllid counts correlated with the levels of damage. Nymphs of psyllid appeared to be the main cause of damage. Within the Leucaena genus L. diversifolia, Leucaena cv. Tarramba and Leucaena KX2 were psyllid-resistant and showing comparable agronomic performance to L. leucocephala as alternative of forage availability for animal production. (Animal Production 8(2): 143-151 (2006) Key Words : Leucaena, resistant cultivars, Heteropsylla cuban
Estrous Synchronization in Peranakan Etawah Goat Using CIDR-G
No full textA study on the effectiveness on estrous synchronization using CIDR-G in peranakan etawah (PE) goat was conducted. Twenty-eight multiporous PE goats were randomly allocated to two groups (A & B) and CIDR was inserted for 16 days. In group A CIDR was replaced at day eight and in group B CIDR was stayed intake until day 16. Estrous sign was detected using castrated teaser 20 hours post CIDR withdrawal and evaluated every four hours until the estrous sign was disappeared. At the same time of estrous detection, blood sample for progesterone assay, from five selected goats in each group was collected into heparins vacuum blood tube, collected via jugulars vein. From this study it was shown no significant differences in initial time of estrous sign between the groups (38.33 vs. 33.22 hours post CIDR withdrawal). Similarly there was no significant difference in the length of estrous between the groups (54.22 vs. 48.65 hours). The lowest mean progesterone hormone concentration (<0.50 ng/ml) occurred 78 hours post CIDR withdrawal. From this study it was concluded that using CIDR-G in PE goat is effective and no replacement is needed between the synchronization periods. (Animal Production 5(2): 83-86 (2003)Â Key Words : Etawah Goat, Synchronization, Estrous, CID
The Effect of Ration that Given Different Percentage Between Day and Night to Broiler Strain CP 707 Performance
No full textThe present experiment was conducted to investigate (1) the effects of different percentage of ration between light and dark day to broiler performance, (2) the best level of percentage of ration that given during the light and dark day. This research was arrange with 5 treatments and 4 replications, each experimental units consist of 5 broilers. The treatmens were R1 (Ration that given 30% during light and 70% dark day); R2 (Ration that given 40% during light and 60% dark day); R3 (Ration that given 50% during light and 50% dark day); R4 (Ration that given 60% during light and 40% dark day); R5 (Ration that given 70% during light and 30% dark day). Ration were given 8x/day. The data were analyze by using Analysis of Variance in 0,05 or 0,01 significant degree. The result of this research showed that the different percentage of ration between light and dark day affected (P< 0,05) body weight gain and feed convertion, but not significant affected feed consumption. These result suggested that the ration which given 30% in light day and 70% in dark day is the best treatment influence body weight gain and feed convertion. (Animal Production 10(2): 118-121 (2008) Key Words: Broiler, performance, percentage of ration, ligh
Reproductive Performance of Female Local Chicken Breeds under Vitamin E Supplementation
No full textPenelitian pendahuluan mengenai kinerja reproduksi ayam betina lokal yang mendapat supplementasi vitamin E per oral telah dilaksanakan di Balai Penelitian Ternak Bogor. 16 ekor ayam dari tiap jenis ayam lokal berumur 13 bulan ditempatkan dalam kandang individu. Rancangan yang dipergunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap pola factorial 3x4 dengan 4 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah jenis ayam (Kampung, Arab dan Sentul). 4 pejantan dari tiap jenis ayam ditempatkan dalam kandang individu sebagai sumber semen untuk diinseminasikan secara artifisial. Faktor ke dua adalah level suplementasi vitamin E (O I.U., 2 I.U, 4 I.U dan 8 I.U). Parameter yang diukur adalah produksi telur (hen-day), bobot telur, fertilitas telur dan bobot d.o.c. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan Analisis Varians dan Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa jenis ayam mempengaruhi bobot telur secara nyata (P<0,05), bobot telur ayam Arab (43,07 ± 1,06 g) lebih tinggi daripada telur ayam Kampung (40.09 ± 0.53g) dan Sentul (40,77 ± 1,33g). Fertilitas telur ayam Kampung (75,57 ±2,01%) lebih baik (P<0,01) dari pada telur ayam Arab (58,01 ± 10,50%) dan Sentul (37,26 ± 12,84%). Suplementasi vitamin E tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap produksi telur (“hen day productionâ€), bobot telur, fertilitas, daya tetas dan bobot badan anak ayam ( “d.o.c†). (Animal Production 8(2): 78-82 (2006) Kata Kunci : Ayam lokal, reproduksi, vitamin
Effect of Combination between CaCl2 Dosage and Electric Stimulation Period on Meat Quality Duck Adult
No full textResearch entitled “The effect of combination between CaCl2 dosage and length of electric stimulation on adult meat quality duck qualityâ€. The aim was to know the effect of combination between CaCl2 and length of electric stimulation on quality. It was conducted at Technology of Animal Production Laboratory in Animal Science Faculty, Jenderal Soedirman University on June 2nd up to August 30rd 2002. Materials used in this research were 27 Tegal duck adult. Experimental design with Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with factorial 3 x 3 was performed in this research. The first factor was CaCl2 was dosage (a1=50cc; a2=100cc; and a3=150cc) and the second factor was length of electric stimulation period (b1=10 sec; b2=20 sec; and b3=30 sec). Each experiment was repeated three times, and variable of this research were pH, tenderness, WHC and CL. The result of research shows that CaCl2 dosage (50, 100, and 150 cc); length of electric stimulation and their interaction were gave no significant effect (P>0,05) on pH, tenderness, WHC and CL in adult duck meat. Conclusion of this research was CaCl2 dosage, electric stimulation period and their interaction gave the same effect on pH, tenderness, WHC and CL adult duck meat. (Animal Production 5(1): 25-34 (2003) Key word: Tenderness, WHC and CL, Duck, Meat, Electrical, Calsium Chlorid
Controlled Intra-Vaginal Device Releasing Hormone dalam Program Superovulasi Kerbau
No full textDua penelitian telah dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi hubungan antara konsentrasi progesteron dan respon superovulasi serta penggunaan CIDR pada program superovulasi kerbau. Penelitian pertama,  sebelas kerbau disuperovulasi dengan hormon gonadotropin (Folltropin) yang disuntikkan intramuscular selama 4 hari dengan dosis menurun dan penyuntikan dua kali sehari (jarak penyuntikan 12 jam).  Penyuntikan pertama dilakukan pada hari ke-10 dari siklus berahi, diikuti dengan pemberian prostaglandin pada hari ke-12, dua hari kemudian diinseminasi buatan (IB). Penampungan embrio dilakukan dengan cara menguras setiap tanduk uterus pada hari ke-6 setelah IB. Penelitian kedua, sepuluh ekor kerbau dibagi secara acak kedalam dua grup (kontrol dan perlakuan CIDR).  Pemberian pertama hormon pada grup kontrol dilakukan pada hari ke-10 dari siklus berahi dan 6 hari setelah pemberian CIDR untuk perlakuan CIDR. Dosis dan metode pemberian hormon gonadotropin mengikuti penelitian pertama. Tujuh kerbau memberikan respon positif terhadap superovulasi sedangkan empat ekor tidak memberikan respon. Didapat hubungan nyata antara konsentrasi progesteron pada waktu pemberian pertama hormon dengan respon donor terhadap superovulasi. Rataan konsentrasi progesteron grup yang tidak memberi respon (1,15ng/ml) nyata (P<0,05) lebih rendah dibanding grup yang memberikan respon (2,51ng/ml). Rataan konsentrasi progesteron setelah superovulasi, total corpus luteum (TCL), total embrio (TE) dan total embrio dengan kualitas baik (TVE) adalah 1,64; 1,0; 0,0;  0,0 dan 6,86; 5,9; 4,0; 2,9 berturut-turut untuk grup yang tidak memberi respon dan yang memberi respon. CIDR nyata meningkatkan (P<0,05) rataan diameter ovari (DO) dan konsentrasi progesteron setelah superovulasi yaitu 4,5;  4,84 dan 7,0; 7,85 berturut-turut untuk kontrol dan CIDR. Rataan TCL, TE dan TVE cenderung lebih tinggi  pada perlakuan CIDR dibanding kontrol adalah 6,0; 2,8 dan 2,0 dan 9,0; 4,0 dan 3,3 untuk kontrol dan CIDR. (Animal Production 10(1): 5-11 (2008) Kata Kunci : Superovulasi, embrio, progesteron, CID
The Effects of Tropical Climate Stressor on Gamma Immunoglobulin Concentration of Serum and Colostrums of Dairy Cows of First and Second Parity
Get PDFThe new born dairy calves serum containing extremely low antibodies (Ig) or nothing at all. This means that their livability or mortality greatly depend on the antibody especially IgG of cow’s colostrums to sustain their passive immunity. An observation and analytical study was conducted to evaluate the effects of tropical climate stressor (TCS) on immunoglobulin gamma (IgG) concentration in three different climate locations in term of temperature (oC) and humidity (%). Those dairy farming locations were: (1) the cold or temperate climate in sub-district Tutur, (2) the moderate climate in sub-district Purwodadi and (3) the hot climate in sub-district Grati. Those three sub-districts are belong to District Pasuruan–East Java Province, Indonesia. For these purposes sample of 93 cows were determined using purposive sampling method and 29-33 blood samples (1.0 ml) of late pregnant cows (2–3 weeks pre partum) and colostrums samples (1,0 ml) from respective location were collected. Blood samples were measured for cortisol concentration (nmol/L) using radioimmunoassay (RIA) procedure and IgG serum and IgG kolostrum concentration (mg/ml)were measured using direct ELISA. The study was then set up to ensure factorial experimental design and conducted over summer season. SPSS for Window statistic program was applied to necessary statistical analysis. Results indicated: (1) Evidence of TCS significantly effected (P0.05) but a tendency that IgG colostrums concentration in hot climate was the lowest. The results suggest that low level of IgG in hot and moderate climates as being critical and efforts must find out to elevate IgG colostrums concentration to provide adequate passive immunity and at the same time preventing calves mortalities. (Animal Production 11(3): 143-148 (2009) Key Words: tropical climate stressor, cortisol, serum, colostrum, gamma immunoglobuli
Chemical Composition of Leaf and Stem of Tropical Grasses at Different Stages of Growth
No full textKomposisi kimia daun dan batang dari rumput tropis, Sorghum stipodeum, Themeda australis, Iseilema vaginiflorum, Brachyacne convergens, Dicanthium fecundum (berdaun lebar, bl dan berdaun kecil, nl), Enneapogon polyphyllus, Panicum sp, and Eriachne obtuse dianalisa. Rumput-rumput tersebut mulai dipanen pada saat permulaan berbunga sampai tanaman menjadi kering dengan interval 9, 12, 16, 23 dan 36 hari. Pada semua jenis rumput yang dianalisa, kandungan konstituen dinding sel yang diukur dengan analisis neutral detergent fiber (NDF) lebih tinggi didalam batang dari pada didalam daun (84% vs 75%).  Lima dan 8 dari 9 species tersebut berbeda nyata antara batang dan daun masing-masing untuk kandungan ADF (54,20% vs 51,10%) dan lignin (8,60% vs 5,40%).  Pada 5 species yang dianalisis, semuanya mengandung protein kasar (CP) lebih tinggi didalam daun dari pada didalam batang (5% vs 2,5%), dan semuanya mengandung karbohidrat larut dalam air (WSC) yang tidak berbeda nyata (3%) didalam daun maupun didalam batang. Tiga dari 5 species yang dianalisis menunjukkan kandungan extrak larut dalam air (WSE) yang lebih tinggi didalam daun dari pada di dalam batang (12,30% vs 9,40%).  Enam dari 9 jenis rumput tersebut, mengandung NDF, ADF dan lignin yang tidak berbeda nyata antara periode panen karena rumput-rumput tersebut sudah pada tingkat pertumbuhan yang lanjut. Empat dari 5 species yang dialanisis untuk CP dan 2 dari 5 species yang dianalisa untuk WSE dan WSC menunjukkan kecenderungan penurunan dengan bertambahnya umur tanaman. Diperkirakan bahwa dengan tingginya kandungan NDF dan rendahnya kandungan CP pada rumput-rumput tersebut, akan membatasi konsumsi ternak dan ternak akan kehilangan bobot badan. Daun dapat dijadikan faktor untuk seleksi pada rumput tropis. (Animal Production 9(2): 153-159 (2007) Kata Kunci: Rumput tropis, batang, daun, dinding sel, pertumbuhan tanama