Animal Production (E-Journal, JAP)
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Barley Allelochemicals of Gramine and Hordenine: Their Effects on Broiler Chickens
Get PDFAn experiment aimed at examining the effects of gramine and hordenine, incorporated into diets, on the growth and histological structures of the chicken liver has been carried out at the animal house complex, Analytical Laboratory, and Histology laboratory of the University of New England, Armidale, Australia. Five treatment groups (50 and 500 ppm hordenine or gramine, and standard feed as control) were administered to one-week old broiler chickens. Each treatment group had six heads of chickens and were replicated 6 times. Data collected including body weight and feed intake (recorded weekly), liver tissue collection for histological examination, and determination of gramine and hordenine in the liver. Data were analysed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at 5% level of confident. Results demonstrated that gramine had more effects than hordenine on the animal tested. A high concentration (500 ppm) of either gramine or hoedenine was sufficient to induce changes in liver structure of the chickens as indicated by cell vacuolation even though they were not necessarily associated with reduced feed intake or growth rate of the animals. Scab-like lesions on their feet during weeks 4 and 5 of the experiment were observed from the group of 500-ppm gramine.Key Words : gramine, hordenine, chicke
The Quantity and Quality of Brahman Cross Cattle Embryo After Injected FSH and PMSG
Get PDFTwenty cattles were used in this experiment to determine the  quantity and quality of embryo after injected FSH (follicle stimulating hormone ) and PMSG (pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin) in Brahman Cross Cattle. The experiment was assigned into Completely Randomized Design with 5 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments were T1 = 4 mg of FSH twice a day intra-ovary decreased doses, T2 = 8 mg of FSH twice a day intra-ovary decreased doses, T3 = 300 IU of PMSG single dose intra-ovary, T4 = 600 IU of PMSG single dose intra-ovary, T5 = 40 mg of FSH twice a day intramuscular decreased doses. Trial cattle were oestrus synchronized using 15 mg of PGF2α that gave twice at 11-daily intervals. One day after giving FSH and PMSG was detected the cattle’s oestrus. Washing uterus was done at day 7 after AI using mixture of PBS, FCS and streptomicyn. Data observed were cow performances, embryo quantity and embryo quality. Results of experiment showed that 19 cattle (95%) responded oestrus synchronized treatment and super ovulation, whereas 1 cattle (5%) did not respond oestrus synchronized treatment and super ovulation. Generally, cattle showed oestrus at 2 – 3 days after giving PGF2α. Eleven cattle (57,90%) showed oestrus at 2 days after giving PGF2α whereas the others (8 cattle, 42,10%) showed oestrus 3 days giving PGF2α. The treatment of giving FSH and PMSG could increase (P<0,05) embryo. T5 was highest compared the others ( T1, T2, T3 and T4), while T2 and T4 were higher than T1 and T3. Produced total embryo was 82 with average 4,3 ± 5,67 using FSH and PMSG. 8 embryo (9,76%), 9 embryos (10,90), 20 embryo (24,40%), 16 embryo (19,50%) and 29 embryos (35,40%) were grade A, B, C, D and E respectively. It is concluded that giving of 40 mg FSH intramusculer produce the best embryo donor whereas and giving of FSH 8 mg intraovari was the best effeciency. (Animal Production 11(2): 96-102 (2009) Key Words : Brahman Cross Cattle, embryo, PGF2α PMSG, FS
Response of Chicken that Having Experience Infection of Ascaridia galli to Re-infection and it’s Implication to Productivity and Quality of Eggs
No full textThe aimed of this research was to find out the effect of infection experience of Ascaridia galli on productivity and eggs qualities. The research was held in Helminthology Laboratory, Veterinary Faculty and Animal Production Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Bogor Institute of Agriculture. The research was based on a Randomized Completely Design.  The treatments were P0 = without infection ; P1 = have been infected with  200 infective eggs A. galli every chick every week ( 8, 15, 22 and 30 days old chick) and re-infected with 500 infected eggs at 18 weeks old; P2= chicks with no infection experience at starter period, and infected with 500 infected eggs at laying period. The productivity and quality of eggs were examined. The results showed that infection experience of Ascaridia galli influenced the layer productivity and their eggs qualities. The experience of A. galli infection several times with light dosage at starter period (P1) made the layers more resistance to re-infection by the parasite in the laying period. Consumption and conversion of feed, eggs weight, shell thickness and calcium concentration of P1 was not significant difference with control group (P0). First A. galli infection in layer period in group without experience of A. galli infection before (P2), have showed that, compare with the control group (P0), the feed conversion of P2 was 15.78% higher (P<0.01), eggs weight of P2 was lighter 5.35% (P<0.05), the shell thickness of P2 eggs was lower 5.55% (P<0.05), the calcium concentration in serum was lower 36.26% (P<0.05). Beside that the color of eggs yolk in infected (P1 and P2) group more colorless (11.63%) than control group. A. galli (P<0.01). Ascaridia galli infection has no effects on Haugh Unit Value, titer serum protein and eggs protein. (Animal Production 9(2): 92-98 (2007) Key Words : Infection experience, Ascaridia galli, productivity of layer, eggs qualitie
Study Participation of Dairy Cattle Famers in Pollution Control Management to the Product of Milk
No full textBased on activity, the population on dairy cattle, can be divided into two kinds i.e. pollution around the farm and pollution on the product of milk. In order to eliminate the potency of the pollution, then, the manages to control it is urgently needed. The research was conducted by the farmers in banyumas Regency, Central Java Province, the has aids dairy cattle from government. The aim of the research was to know of participation to pollution control management on the product of milk. Survey method and descriptive analysis were used in this research. The technique of sampling used to collected data by Multy Stage Purposive Random Sampling from Sutrisno (1981). The independent variable of this research was social characteristic of the farmers i.e. mean of livelihood, income of cattlemen, participation of cattlemen on social institution and type of animal production, meanwhite, the dependent variable was the manages of pollution control the product of milk. To know the level of participation control of pollution the milk product by crossing of the between variable table. Based on the analyses, it was found that the participation farmers to the manages to pollution control on the product of milk was in the level of “goodâ€. (Animal Production 1(2): 63-74 (1999) Key Words: Participation levels, pollution, milk
Effect of Ration Containing Marsh Snail Meal on Protein Efficiency Ratio, Carcass And Visceral Weights of Broiler
No full textMarsh snail is feed commodity which has not been used as protein source in ration protein, therefore, it is important to be investigated how its effect on protein efficiency ratio, carcass and visceral weights as biological evaluation. This experiment used completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 3 treatments and each of treatment was repeated 7 times and each unit experiment had 5 broilers. Data obtained were analyzed by variance analysis and the difference between treatments with Duncan’s test. Treatments of rations were R0 (fish meal 12%), R1 (unboiled marsh snail 15%), and R2 (boiled marsh snail). Variable observed were protein consumption, and body weight gain (to get protein efficiency ratio), carcass, liver, gizzard and kidney weights. The results of experiment showed that ration containing boiled marsh snail (R2) gave as good as control ration (R0) on protein efficiency ratio and gizzard weight, while carcass weight was significantly lower, and liver and kidney were significantly higher. Therefore, boiled marsh snail meal can be used as protein source in broiler ration with balanced amino acid. (Animal Production 6(1): 56-60 (2004) Key Words: Marsh Snail, Boiled, Protein Consumption, Body Weight Gain, Carcass, Visceral, Broile
Study of Tenderization Method of Old Goat Meat
No full textThe objective of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of tenderization methods on several characteristics of goat meat. A total of 6 goats (approximately 3 years of age) were used in the study. The meat was obtained from the hind leg (m. biceps femoris). Treatments were arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 6 replicates in each treatment. The treatments were P0: control, P1: the meat was submerged in pineapple juice extract, P2: the meat was electrically stimulated, and P3: the meat was injected with CaCl2 solution. The variables measured were tenderness (mm/g/s), pH, water holding capacity (%), cooking losses (%), moisture content (%) and dissolved protein content (μg/ml). Data obtained were analyzed using Analysis of Variance and Least Significant Difference compare the differences between means. The result showed that treatments significantly (P0.05) affected meat cooking losses, moisture content and dissolved protein. It can be concluded that injection CaCl2 was more effective in improving the tenderness of old goat meat. . (Animal Production 7(2): 106-110 (2005) Key Words : Tenderization Method, Pineapple Juice Extract, Goat meat, CaCl2, Electrical Stimulatio
Egg Production and Quality of Kampung Chicken Fed Commercial Diet Mixed with and Supplemented with Forages
No full textTelah dilakukan suatu penelitian mengenai produktifitas dan kualitas telur ayam Kampung yang mendapat ransum komersial dicampur dedak padi.dan diberikan suplemen berupa hijauan pakan ternak. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah ransum komersial murni (RC); RI (ransum komersial dicampur dengan dedak padi dengan rasio 1:2), RII (RI + King grass); RIII (RI + daun kriminil) dan RIV (RI + rumput lapangan). Rancangan yang dipergunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 6 kelompok ulangan yang terdiri dari 4 ekor ayam betina dewasa. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan Analisis Sidik Ragam (Analysis of Variance) disertai Duncan’s New York Multiple Range Test. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa hen-day production dari RC (36,10 ± 4,20%) sangat nyata (P<0,01)lebih tinggi daripada RI (24,11 ± 3,20%), RII (22,33 ± 4,50%), RIII (24,22 ± 3, 71%) dan RIV (23,41 ± 0,82%), namun tidak terlihat pengaruh nyata terhadap bobot telur, bobot yolk, bobot kerabang, haugh unit dan grade. Bobot albumen RIII (21,22 ± 3,34 g) nyata (P<0,05) lebih ringan daripada RI (25, 49 ± 2,31g). Nilai warna yolk RC (11,71 ± 0,97) sangat nyata (P<0,01) lebih tinggi daripada RI (6,70 ± 0,56), RII (9,51 ± 0,99), RII (8,91 ± 1,24) dan RIV (8,68 ± 0,96), sedangkan RI sangat nyata (P<0,01) lebih pucat daripada RC, RII, RIII, dan RIV. Pencampuran dedak padi kepada ransum komersial sangat nyata menurunkan produktivitas telur sedangkan penambahan hijauan pakan ternak memperbaiki warna yolk ayam Kampung yang diberi ransum campuran komersial dan dedak. (Animal Production 8(3): 206-210 (2006) Kata Kunci : Produksi, kualitas telur, ayam kampung, hijaua
Study on Estimation of Milk Production Based on Heart Girth Measurement and Udder Size of Fries Holland Dairy Cows
No full textAn experiment entitled “Study on Estimation of Milk Production Based on Heart Girth Measurement and Udder Size of Fries Holland Dairy Cows “ has been carried at Karanglewas District Banyumas Regency. The objectives of this experiment were (1) to predict milk production of Fries Holland cows based on measurement of heart girth and udder size; (2) to complete information in attempting milk production estimation, especially Fries Holland cows; (3) to help the publics in case of productive cows selection. The material of this experiment was 40 heads of Fries Holland cows, at age of 3 years up to 5 years old. The result of this experiment (after the milk product data were corrected into 305 days lactation), showes that the average of heart girth was 180.20 ± 7.06 cm; udder size was 89.03 ± 23.35 dm2 and milk production was 2326.54 ± 331.79 litters. The data analysis indicated that correlation coefisient r = 0.87 and determination coefisient (R2) = 0,7651 and the multiple regression equation : Y = 1465.66 + 1.42 X1+ 6.79 X2. From the result of this experiment, if could be conclude that udder size parameter was the best variable of milk production estimation compared to heart girth and if can be used to estimated milk production. (Animal Production 4(1): 32-35 (2002)Key words : milk production, heart girth, udder size, fries holan
Effects of Palm Kernel Cake and Onggok Fermented by Aspergillus niger on Broiler Carcasses
No full textThe experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of the different crude protein and crude fiber content caused by usage level of palm kernel cake (PKC) and onggok (cassava byproduct) fermented by Aspergillus niger in ration on carcass weight and its components (thighs and breast, giblet, and abdominal fat) of broiler. This research used 96 DOC broiler of Lohman Platinum MB202. The chicken were reared in litter floor pen and was fed 0 (P0), 10 (P1), 20 (P2), and 30% (P3) of the fermented PKC-onggok mixture in the total ration. The broilers were reared for 6 weeks and fed ration and water ad libitum. The experiment was designed using a Completely Randomized Design with four ration treatments and four replications and each replication consisted of six chicken. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance, and continued with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The result showed that the different crude protein and crude fiber content caused by usage level of the fermented PKC-cassava byproduct mixture in broiler ration affected (P0.05) edible meat (thighs and breast).  Carcass and its component on usage level of fermented PKC-cassava byproduct mixture until 30% in the ration was better than control. (Animal Production 10(1): 55-59 (2008) Key Words: Palm kernel cake, cassava byproduct, fermentation, carcass, broile
Role of Women Workers at Dairy Farms in Banyumas District
Get PDFDairy farm is one of promising to increase the household income. Dairy farm generally involve all the household members. The research was aimed to: 1) know contribution of work duration of women woker to the total duration of work in dairy farm; 2) identify contribution of women income to the total income of dairy farm; 3) determine factors that influence contribution of income of women to the total income of dairy farm. Three sub districts were taken as area sample using purposive sampling method based on number of dairy farm that utilize women as worker in their farm activities. Sixty seven famers were taken as respondents is this research. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine factors that influence contribution of income of women to the total income. The result showed that: 1) contribution of working duration of women was 25,24 percent; 2) contribution of income of women was Rp 2,762,755.96: and 3) partially, contribution of income of women was influenced by farm scale and dependency ratio. In conclusion, women wokers have contribution on the total duration of work and income; and dairy farm scale and Dependency Ratio influencing contribution of women income. (Animal Production 11(1): 40-47 (2009) Key Words: dairy farm, duration of work, income, role of wome