Animal Production (E-Journal, JAP)
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Age Maturity of Female Japanese Quails Fed Diets Containing Katuk Leave Meal (Sauropus androgynus L.Merr.
No full textThis experiment was conducted to study the effects of katuk leave meal on sexual maturity in Japanese quail. Three hundred female Japanese quails, with 4 weeks age, were assigned into a completely randomized design with 4 treatments i.e., R1 (diet with neither katuk leave meal nor cholesterin), R2 (diet without  katuk leave meal + 0.10% cholesterin), R3 (diet with 15% katuk leave meal without cholesterin), and R4 (diet with 15% katuk leave meal + 0.10% cholesterin). The parameters measured were estradiol hormone in plasma, and age maturity (five percent henday production). Estradiol hormone was measured with Radioimmunoassay. The data were collected and analyzed by using completely randomized design. The results showed that the addition of 15% katuk leave meal in the diet significantly decreased the estrogen concentration (P<0.05), so that slow down on the age maturity of female Japanese quail. (Animal Production 9(2): 67-72 (2007)  Key Words : Katuk leave meal, estradiol hormone, age maturity, quai
Effect of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) on Blood Parameters of Sheep Given Leucaena Pallida Leaves Base Diet
No full textPenelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi kemampuan PEG dalam mengurangi pengaruh negatif dari pemberian daun Leucaena pallida pada ternak domba melalui pengamatan parameter darah. Sebanyak 12 ekor domba ditempatkan secara acak pada dua perlakuan dengan 6 ulangan. Domba diberi pakan dasar daun Leucaena pallida dengan tambahan PEG atau tanpa PEG selama empat minggu melalui automatic feeders. Data parameter darah antar perlakuan dianalisa dengan uji t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PEG secara konsisten meningkatkan kecernaan makanan terkonsumsi dalam saluran pencernaan domba yang ditunjukan dengan meningkatnya konsentrasi urea darah, glukosa darah dan b-hydroxybutyrat darah. Dengan demikian dapat dikatakan bahwa penambahan PEG ke dalam ransum yang mengandung tannin berpotensi untuk meningkatkan nilai hayati pakan. (Animal Production 9(1): 18-22 (2007) Kata Kunci : PEG, darah, tanni
Effect of Fatty Acids Fiber Concentration in Broiler Ration to Cholesterol, HDL and LDL Blood Serum
No full textCholesterol, HDL (High Density Lipoprotein) and LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein) in blood serum of broiler could can be controlled by food manipulation using different fatty acids and fiber content in ration. This research was planned to study the influence of fat i.e. cis-trans fatty acids and raw fiber content on feed to cholesterol, HDL and LDL biosynthesizing broiler blood serum. The research model was experimental and the design used was Completely Randomized Design in factorial pattern 2 x 3. The first factor was type of fat (L) : L1= cis fatty acid and L2 = trans fatty acid. The second factor was fiber content in feed (S) i.e. S1 = 5% ; S2 = 7%, and S3 = 9%. Each treatment was repeated four times, it means 24 observation. Variables observed were : cholesterol, HDL, LDL concentration in blood serum of broiler. The result indicated that the use of 5 % palm kernel oil and 5 % tallow fat in feed containing 5 %, 7 % and 9 % fiber respectively have unsignificant result (P>0.01) to cholesterol and LDL blood serum of broiler, but have significant to HDL concentration (P<0.01). The average cholesterol of blood serum was between 76.46 mg/dl (L2S3) to 99.88 mg/dl (control), HDL concentration was 21.19 mg/dl (L2S1) to 38.85 mg/dl (control), and LDL concentration was 46.83 mg/dl (L2S2) to 61.14 mg/dl (control). It can be concluded that feeding with far in the form of cis (palm kernel oil) or trans (tallow) when combined with proporsional fiber addition can be used as feed because it does not increase the cholesterol and LDL in broiler blood. The reduction of cholesterol as much as 23.53 % in control feed was found in treatment with 5 % tallow addition in combination with 9 % raw fiber content, HDL concentration was higher in treatment with palm kernel oil compared to tallow addition. (Animal Production 7(1): 27-33 (2005)Â Key Words : Cholesterol, HDL, LDL, Cis Fatty Acid, Trans Fatty Aci
The Effect of Glycerolisation Time on the Sperm Motility of Local Ram Frozen Semen Diluted in Tris Egg Yolk Extender
No full textThe aims of this experiment was to obtain the effects of different time of glycerolisation on the quality of frozen ram semen diluted in Tris Egg Yolk (TEY).  Semen from seven sexually mature local rams were collected using artificial vagina weekly, evaluated macroscopically and microscopically. Good quality semen then diluted with TEY and 6% glycerol added in three different periods. The first step was diluted in room temperature ( treatment 1), the second glycerolisation was at the end of equilibration (treatment 2) and the third period was several steps of glycerolisation during equilibration (treatment 3). Diluted semen was packed in straws (Minitub, Germany), equilibrated at 5oC for three hours, freezed in liquid nitrogen vapor for 10 minutes and then stored in a container of -196 oC liquid nitrogen. After 24 hours, the semen was thawed at 37oC for 30 second. The results of showed that there was no significant differences among treatments (P>0.05). The percentage of post thawing motility was 42.50% (treatment 1), compared to 38.75% (treatment 2), and 30.00% (treatment 3). In conclusion, the glycerolization on frozen ram semen can be done any time of the equilibration without influencing  the sperm motility. (Animal Production 8(3): 168-173 (2006) Key Words: Glycerolisation, equilibration, ram seme
Preliminary Study on Keratinase from Two Indonesian Isolates
Get PDFKeratinases (E.C.3.4.99.11) constitute a group of enzymes capable of disrupting the highly stable keratin structure consisting of disulphide, hydrogen, and hydrophobic bonds in the form of α-helices and β-sheets B. licheniformis MB-2 and Bacillus sp. MTS are two feather-degrading bacteria isolated from Tompaso crater at North Sulawesi and sulfuric land around Tangkuban Perahu in West Java. They were both capable of breaking down whole chicken feathers. In addition both isolates were capable of degrading other proteinous substrates rich in beta structure such as coccon, silk, human hair and fish scales. Result of fermentation experiment implied that addition of nitrogen sources (0.02% yeast extract and 0.02% tryptone) to the basal medium increased keratinase production. Our experiments showed that keratinase production of Bacillus sp. MTS was higher and faster than that from B. licheniformis MB-2. Maximum extracellular keratinase activity of the enzyme derived from B. licheniformis was obtained during stationary phase at 72 h, while Bacillus sp. MTS was reached at 48 h. Disulfide reductase activity also detected in the extracellular fluid of Bacillus sp. MTS. The maximum condition for extracellular keratinase activity was 55oC and the enzyme showed two maximum pHs : pH 8.0 and pH 10. The zymogram analysis indicated sixth protein bands of 17, 25, 32, 53, 96 and 122 kD which were able to hydrolyze gelatin substrate in-situ. (Animal Production 12(1): 60-68 (2010)Key Words : Bacillus, feather, keratinase, disulfide reductas
Perception of the Purwokerto Society on Meat Product
No full textMeat consumption has increased significantly due to improvement of wage and education level of people. Importation of meat was done to meet local demand that experienced a shortage because of low cattle production. Besides, negative issues on avian influenza and anthrax have become a barrier on cattle development. The aims of this research were to (1) know perception of the Purwokerto society on meat product (2) identity factors that are related to perception of the Purwokerto society on meat product. The research used survey method to families in Purwokerto. Samples of area were taken purposively and total of 25 persons were drawn randomly as respondents. Collected data were analyzed using Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient Test to identity factors that are related to perception of the Purwokerto society on meat product. The results showed that perception of the Purwokerto society on meat product was moderate. Income was significantly correlated to perception of the Purwokerto society on meat product. (Animal Production 9(2): 111-115 (2007)Â Key Words : Perception, meat product, incom
Optimalization of Equilibration and Thawing Methode on Freezing Process of Garut Ram Semen (Ovis aries)
No full textGenerally, the problem of semen freezing process is cold shock effect and intracelullar change due to water release which is related to ice crystal formation. One factor to solve the problem is finding out optimal equilibration time and thawing method so there is only a little damage spermatozoa during freezing process. The research has been done to explore the influence of equilibration time and thawing methode on frozen semen quality of garut rams. The results shown that the mean of percentages of progressive motile sperm, percentages of viable sperm, percentages of plasma membrane and acrosomal intact on four hours equilibration (52.50% ; 62.33%; 57.17% and 56.42%)  were not significantly different (P>0.05) from five hours equilibration (52.27%; 63.67%; 56.92% and 57.58 %) and six hours equilibration (54.17%; 61.00%; 59.42% and 58.58%) respectively. The percentages of progressive motile sperm, percentages of viable sperm,  percentages of plasma membrane and acrosomal intact on the thawing method on the temperature of 370C for 30 seconds (53.33% ; 62.39%; 57.94% dan 58.61) were not significantly different (P>0.05) from the thawing methode on the temperature of 250C for 45 seconds (52.22% ; 62.28%; 57.72% dan 56.44) respectively. The conclusion shown that the treatment of four hours equilibration, five hours equilibration,  six hours equilibration and also the treatment of thawing method on the temperature of 370C  for 30 seconds and the thawing methode on the temperature of 250C  for 45 seconds do not have effect on garut ram freezing semen quality. (Animal Production 7(2): 74-80 (2005) Key Words : Equilibration, Thawing, Semen, Garut ra
Performance of Oxfendazole in Nematode-Infected Post-Weaning Lamb on Pasture
Get PDFA study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of drug anthelmintic intensity oxfendazole against gastrointestinal nematode worm infections in weaned lambs. Experiments conducted on 18 lambs weaned off, randomly divided into 3 groups namely P0: grazed sheep, untreated as controls, P1: grazed sheep treated with oxfendazole, and P2: un-grazed sheep, not treated with oxfendazole. The total worm eggs per gram (TEG) in the feces until 9 weeks before treatment 9 with no significant differences (P0.05), means that the grazing treatment oxofendale treatment have real impact on the intensity of infection at week 9 post-treatment. This is related to the maturing of young worms and the intensity of infection depends on the influence of time outside the body of sheep. Of total plasma protein (TPP) and packed cell volume (PCV) until week 12 showed that antibiotic treatment measures and grazing is very real effect (P0.05). Means treatment with oxfendazole helminthic very real effect on total plasma protein and packed cell volume in both the shepherd and the sheep who did not shepherd. (Animal Production 12(1): 39-43 (2010)Key Words: oxfendazole, grazing and gastrointestinale nemato
Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from the Gastro-Intestinal Tract of Chicken: Potential Use as Probiotic
No full textLactic acid bacteria have been suggested to have several beneficial effects on human and animals. These bacteria, indigenous to the gastro-intestinal tract, are important in regulating the balance among the desirable and undesirable intestinal microflora and in controlling enteric pathogenic infection in the host. Objectives of this research are to obtain lactic acid bacteria isolates from gastro-intestinal tract of chicken and to screen their ability as a probiotic agent i.e., their antagonistic against pathogenic bacteria, their survival at low pH and high concentration of bile salt. In this research, 74 samples used as sources of bacteria, and among them only 11 samples could be isolated as lactic acid bacteria with the total number of isolates of 61. Based on the preliminary screening i.e., their antagonistic factor against pathogenic bacteria, 20 isolates was further studied.  Based on the identification scheme, these isolates belong to three species, i.e., Lactobacillus murinus, Pediococcus acidilactici, and Streptococcus thermophilus. The result showed that most isolates grow well in the media with the initial pH of 5.5, but their growth were retarded when the initial pH 3.5. Only one isolate Streptococcus thermophilus Kp-2 showed its growth at initial pH of 3.5.  All isolates did not show any growth at initial pH 2.5, though their viability still high. The result based on the isolates resistance to bile salt showed that most isolates could grow at media with 0.20% of bile salt. Their growth was inhibited with the increasing bile salt concentration. However, few isolates could grow well at media with 1% of bile salt. Based on their characteristics three isolates i.e., Lactobacillus murinus Ar-3, Streptococcus thermophilus Kp-2, and Pediococcus acidilactici Kd-6 were selected as probiotic agents for the continuing research. i.e. production of biomass and its application to chicken production. (Animal Production 9(2): 82-91 (2007) Key Words : Lactic acid bacteria, gastro- intestinal tract of chicken, probiotic agent
Fermentation of Sugarcane Sludge to Improve Dry- and and Organic Matters Digestibility and Rumen Parameters In Vitro
No full textThe objective of the research was to study the utilization of fungi and yeast on sugarcane sludge fermentation. The treatments of the first experiment were P0= sugarcane sludge without fermentation; P1= fermentation by Saccharomyces cereviceae; P2 = fermentation by Aspergillus oryzae; P3 = fermentation by Aspergillus niger; P4= fermentation by Rhizopus orryzae.  Treatments were arranged in a Completely Randomised Design. The treatments of the second experiments were R0 = basic rations, R1 = R0 + 5% fermented of sugarcane sludge, R2 = R0 + 10% fermented of sugarcane sludge, R3 = R0 + 15% fermented of sugarcane sludge, R4 = R0 + 20% fermented of sugarcane sludge.  Treatments have significant effects (P<0.05) on VFA and NH3 parameters. Based on these parameters, fermentation of sugarcane sludge using Saccharomyces cereviceae had better results compared to others. The treatments had significant effect (P<0.05) on NH3, and based on polynomial orthogonal test the treatments had linear curve of Y= 4,035 +0,237X. However, treatments had no significant effects on VFA and organic matters digestibility. The dry matters digestibility parameters were significantly affected (P<0.05), and the curve response was linear with equation of Y=45,964 - 0,294X. (Animal Production 10(1): 30-33 (2008) Key Words: Sugarcane sludge processing, fungi, yeast, in vitr