Animal Production (E-Journal, JAP)
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Study on Anoa’s Preference to Feed Form Under Ex Situ Conservation
Get PDFThe Anoa is potential to be developed as a meat-producing animal.  Studies on its preference to certain feed types and form is essential as an initial effort to conserve and cultivate anoa as livestock using feed processing technology. This study was aimed to evaluate the anoa’s feed preference to feed physical form, which was processed through feed processing/preserving technology. Latin square design with 3 treatments, and 3 replications was used in this study.  The treatments were three different feed form, i.e. fresh, hay and wafers. Three anoas used as replications. Eating behaviour (eating, rumination upon standing, lying and wallowing), total feed consumptions, total dung, protein and crude fibre content of feed were observed. The results showed that the anoa’s feed in the ex situ area could be prepared in the form of wafers with protein content, crude fibre and total digestible nutrient of 8.11, 23.11 and 72.85%, respectively. Total digestible nutrients of wafer-shaped feed was higher than fresh and dry feed (72.85 vs 62.25, 60.88%). It could be recommended that wafer feed  could be applied in anoa ex situ conservation and cultivation. (Animal Production 12(3): 150-155 (2010)Key words:  anoa, feed preference, wafer, TDN, anoa cultivatio
Broiler Carcasses Performance at Different Age of Slaughtering
No full textThe objective of this experiment was to determine broiler carcass performance slaughtered at different ages. Seventy-two broilers CP 707 slaughtered at 4, 5, and 6 weeks were used in this experiment. Each treatment had eight replication and each replication used three broiler. The results showed that age of slaughtering have significant effect (P0.05) on broken bone. (Animal Production 8(3): 211-215 (2006) Key Words: Broiler, carcass, slaughtering, ag
The Characterization of Wastewater at the Pesanggaran Slaughterhouse
No full textThis research aimed to analyze the ability of wastewater treatment to reduce the pollutant component at the wastewater that produced by slaughtered activities, so that the hazards that impacted by the activities to the community that lived surrounding the area can be monitoring. This experiment used Randomize Completely Block Design, with 5 point collected samples as block and 5 times repeatly as treatment. Result of the research at 50 meters from the end of wastewater treatment to generally sewage for the temperature parameter (26.40 + 0.42 0C), pH (6.97 + 0.11), BOD5 (124.200 + 8.352 mg/l) and COD (255.000 + 20.07 mg/l) indicated equal with the standard. The result means the wastewater management at Pesanggaran slaughterhouse is effective to produce wastewater quality with the second standard (waste water standard for agriculture) of wastewater quality according to the Indonesian National Standard. (Animal Production 9(2): 116-122 (2007)Â Key Words : Slaughterhouse, temperature, pH, BOD5, CO
Production System of Peranakan Etawah Goat under Application of Feed Technology: Productivity and Economic Efficiency
Get PDFFeed resources are the major constraint in increasing goat production in the village. The main constraints to goat raising are related to feeds (i) the high cost of transport of crop residues and grass to the homesteads, (ii) the low nutritive value of feeds used, particularly in the dry period. This research was design to evaluate goat productivity and economic efficiency of goat farming under application of feed technology production system in Peranakan Etawah goat farmer group of Gumelar Banyumas Central Java. All farmers were taken as respondents using census methods. On farm research with participative focused group discussion, indepth interview, and farm observation. Descriptive analysis and independent t test methods were used to analyze the data. Results of this study showed that there was a significant improvement  goat productivity on production system with the application of feed technology. Body weight at weaning, survival rate till weaning, and doe productivity were increased 7%, 2% and 5%, respectively. There was no evidence of significant different of farmers income and economic efficiency before and after the applied feed technology (P>0.05). The calculation was based on cash flow. Before application, farmers income per year and economic efficiency were Rp14.404.520,00 and 1.21, then insignificantly improve into Rp16.487.100,00 and 1.27, respectively. (Animal Production 11(3): 202-208 (2009) Key Words: Livestock production system, Peranakan Etawah goat, feed technology aplication, productivity and economic efficienc
Oocyst Simultaneous Infection to Increase Broiler Immunity from Coccidiosis
Get PDFCoccidiosis is one of parasitic disease caused by Eimeria which is frequently occurs in broiler chick. The disease produces enteritis diarrhea that affects viability and growth. Stimulating its immune could be done by repeated light oocyst infection. This research purposed to study infection level and frequency of Eimeria tenella on coccidiosis immunity and broiler performance.  Factorial 2 X 3 was applied with infection level as the first factor: 10.000 oocyst (B1); and 20.000 oocysts (B2). The second factor was infection frequency: once (A1); twice (A2); and three times (A3). The first infection was at 10 days old and the next was 7 days later. Each experiment unit had 8 broilers, and it was replicated 4 times. On 30 days old, challenge test was conducted by infection using 25.000 oocysts per broiler. Parameter observed were oocyst elimination, caecum treatment score and clinical symptom post inoculation and post test, weekly body weight, final weight, and feed conversion. Data were analyzed using variance analysis and Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test. Weekly body weight and clinical symptom were described. The result indicated that broiler infected by Eimeria tenella oocyst simultaneously with 20.000 oocysts caused immunization. The number of oocyst did not have significant effect on the performance. (Animal Production 8(1): 72-77 (2006) Key Words : Eimeria tenella, enteritis diareal, performance, immunization
The Effect of Debeaking and Crude Fibre in Ration On Canibalism and Performance of Muscovy Duck
No full textA research has been conducted from September 3rd until November 2nd 2002 to study cannibalism and performance of Muscovy duck. The method applied was experiment with factorial pattern of Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The first factors were debeaking (P) : p1 = control, p2 = debeaking. The second factors were crude fibre content in ration (R) : r1= 6 %, r2 = 8 % and r3 = 10 %. Parameters observed were cannibalism mortality, food consumption, growth rate, carcass production, meat and blood cholesterol and meat fat. The duck used were 96 heads at one week old and cage in 24 pens with litter floor. The results indicated that debeaking had no significant effect on food consumption, growth rate, carcass percentage and blood cholesterol, but it had significant effect on carcass weight and meat fat up to 8 weeks old. Crude fibre had significant effect on blood and meat cholesterol. (Animal Production 6(1): 9-16 (2004) Key Words: Debeaking, Crude fibre, Canibalism, Production Performanc
Effect of Difference Tropical Fibrous Feeds on Feed Intake and Digestibility in Swamps Buffaloes Compared to Ongole Cattle
Get PDFThis research was aimed to examine the effect of difference fibrous feeds on feed intake and digestibility in swamps buffaloes compared to ongoles cattles. Twelve ongole and twelve buffaloes were used in in vivo digestibility. Ten feeds were used in this experiment, namely Peanut Haulm (PH), King Grass (KG), Corn stover (CS), Elephan Grass (EG), Rice Straw (RS), Soja Straw (SS), Corn Straw (CST), Glyricidea (Gli), and Caliandra (Cal). The observed variabels were intake of DM, OM, CP, NDF. The results showed that DM and OM intakes were significantly influenced by feed stuffs origin ranged from the lowest (Gli) of 29.55 g DMI/kg0.75 to the highest (CS) of 94.88 g/kg0.75. OM intake of buffaloes was higher than that of ongole cattle supported by organic matter (OM) digestibility data (61.51 vs 59.51). The digestibility of nutrient was significantly influenced by feed stuffs origin. OM digestibility of SS were lowest while the highest were CST of 54.56 and 71.66% respectively. Digestibility of CP was also significantly influenced by feed stuffs origin. The lowest Digestible Crude Protein  was CST and the highest was PH of 44.10 and 67.99% respectively. The digestibility of NDF and ADF were significantly influenced by feed stuffs. The lowest NDF and ADF digestibilities were Cal of 40.84 and 33.19% and the highest digestibility of NDF and ADF were CST of 68.53 and 63.57%. It can be concluded that there were an important variation of feed compositions and digestibility of fibrous feeds. Buffalo were better than cattle on capacity of ingestion and utilization of fibrous feed. (Animal Production 12(2): 86-90 (2010)Key Words: fibrous feeds, intake, digestibility, ongole cattle, buffaloe
Relationship Between Gestation Length and Birth Weight in Nigerian Sheep and Their Crosses
Get PDFEffect of genotype and birth weight on gestation length was evaluated using Nigerian breeds of sheep and their crosses. The study was carried out at the Sheep Project Unit of Small Ruminant Research Programme (SRRP) of National Animal Production Research Institute (NAPRI), Ahmadu Bello University, Shika-Zaria. The sheep breeds used were Balami, Uda and Yankasa. Heat (estrus) detection was carried out twice daily; in the morning (07:00-08:00 hours); and in the evening (16:00-17:00 hours) using apron fitted rams to pick does on heat. A total of 56 lambs were used for this study. The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance using General Linear Model and Correlation Procedure of SAS. All the genotypes had similar gestation length with values between 150.3±0.61 days and 153.3±0.60 days, except for Balami pure breed (BAL X BAL) lambs that recorded a shorter gestation length (137.1±0.81 days). There was a wide variation in the birth weight of lambs with the crosses between Balami rams and Yankasa ewes recording a distinct birth weight of 3.5±0.08 kg while the crosses obtained using Yankasa rams on Uda and Balami ewes gave the lowest birth weights (1.7±0.19 and 1.4±0.18, respectively). Sex and litter type have no significant effect (P>0.05) on gestation length. Birth weight was however affected by sex of lambs and their litter type. Litter type was negatively correlated with birth weight (-0.372). Gestation length had a low and non-significant relationship with birth weight; litter type and lamb genotype. Lamb genotype does not have a significant relationship with litter type. Genetic improvement of Nigeria sheep breed is possible if the resources of within and between breed is exploited. Selection for a reduction in gestation length may indirectly increase prolificacy. (Animal Production 12(3): 135-138 (2010)Key Words : gestation length, birth weight, Nigerian Shee
Contamination Rate of Lead in Pigeon (Columbia livia) at Semarang City
No full textThe aim of this research was to find out the lead concentration in some pigeon tissues in Semarang city. Fifty four pigeons 4-8 weeks old, which collected from 4 locations in Semarang were devided into 4 groups. Group I (15 pigeons) were obtained from the bird markets, group II (15 pigeons) were obtained from who sale fried birds, and group III (14 pigeons) were collected from the bird owners who look after the birds extensively (not in cages), then group IV (10 pigeons) were obtained from the bird owners who look after the birds intensively (in cages). All pigeons were euthanasia by chloroform then necropsied. A part of tissues eg: muscle, lung, liver and kidney were collected for lead examination by using Atomic Absorpsion Spectrophotometer (AAS). The result of the experiment showed that muscle, lung, liver and kidney pigeons were contaminated by lead, and lead concentration of kidney were higher (P0.05) with lead concentration in tissues pigeons. (Animal Production 2(2): 69-74 (2000)Â Key words : lead, pigeon, Semarang cit
Basic Concept Of Animal Breeding: Some Considerations In Genetic Improvement
No full textTersedia beberapa metode untuk meningkatkan sumber sari hayati ternak, yaitu seleksi terhadap bangsa-bangsa lokal yang tersedia, dan mengembangkan tipe ternak unggul melalui persilangan ataupun perpindahan gen. Pemuliabiakan ternak seharusnya tidak berpegangan adanya isolasi terhadap aspek-aspek lingkungan. Seringkali, suatu perbaikan stok menuntut adanya beberapa pakan tambahan ataupun beberapa masukan lainnya. Suatu tinjauan (review) mengenai konsep dasar perbibitan ternak dengan penekanan beberapa hal penting pada pemuliabiakan ternak yaitu: masalah-masalah terhadap impor ternak unggul ke daerah Tropik dan Subtropik untuk pure breeding; peluang alternatif penerapan seperti ternak unggul dalam kawin silang; dan seleksi terhadap bangsa-bangsa lokal dan penerapan bangsa-bangsa impor akan dipaparkan pada tulisan ini. (Animal Production 4(1): 44-51 (2002)Key words: perbibitan ternak, pemuliabiakan terna