Animal Production (E-Journal, JAP)
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The Influence of Climatic Factors on the Motility, Velocity and Morphology of Merino Rams Spermatozoa
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh bulan demikian pula perubahan musim (panjang hari, sinar terang, curah hujan, temperatur, penguapan dan kelembaban) terhadap motilitas, kecepatan dan morfologi spermatozoa domba Merino. Enam domba Merino jantan fertil digunakan dalan penelitian ini. Sperma domba ditampung setiap bulan, mulai Juni 2002 sampai Mei 2003 dengan menggunakan elektroejakulator. Data kecepatan dan morfologi kepala spermatozoa didalam medium TALP dianalisis dengan menggunakan computer-aided semen analysis (CASA). Analisis varian, klasifikasi satu arah digunakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kecepatan dan morfologi kepala spermatozoa. Total rerata VAP, VSL dan VCL selama setahun masing-masing adalah 75,40 um/detik, 64,00 um/detik dan 113,50 um/detik. Total rerata STR, LIN, dan ELO masing-masing adalah 75,20%, 51,30%, 35,50%. Total rerata ALH, BCF dan AREA masing-masing adalah 5.2 µm, 17.0 Hz, dan 3.0 µm2. Sebagai kesimpulan, iklim berpengaruh terhadap kecepatan dan morfologi kepala spermatozoa domba Merino. (Animal Production 8(3): 152-159 (2006) Kata Kunci : Spermatozoa domba Merino, Kecepatan, Morfolog
Use of Dried and Fresh Aloe vera Barbadens as Feed Supplements and Their Effect on Broiler Performance
Get PDFAn experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of supplementation effect of dried and fresh Aloe vera barbadens gels in broiler feed. 180 heads of one –day-old chickens were randomly allocated into 6 treatments, namely : (1) basal ration (BR) + 0,25 g dried gel of Aloe vera (DGAV)/kg ration, (2) BR + 0,50 g DGAV/kg ration, (3) BR + 1,00 g DGAV/kg ration, (4) BR + 25 g fresh gel of Aloe vera (FGAV)/kg ration, (5) BR + 50 g FGAV/kg ration, (6) BR + 100 g FGAV/kg ration. Each treatment was replicated 5 times and consisted of 6 chickens. Feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), percentage of carcass and abdominal fats, and mortality were examined. Data were analized by the complete randomized factorial design 2x3, except for data of FCR , which was descriptively analyzed. Result showed that feed intake and weight gain of broilers were not significantly affected by the physical form of A. vera gel. FCR based on live weight and the carcass of chickens feed by DGAV was better than chickens feed by FGAV. Dosses and physical form of A.Vera gel in ration did not significantly (P>0.05) affect the percentage of carcass and abdominal fat, and broiler’s  mortality, for 5 weeks of observation. (Animal Production 11(1): 53-58 (2009)Key Words: aloe vera, feed, broile
Voluntary Feed Intake and Growth of Local Sheep Fed on Road Side Grasses Following A 6-Week Feed Restriction Period
No full textThe purpose of this experiment was to investigate an adaptation time sheep to eat at a normal amount required by the local experiencing liveweight loss due to feed restriction, to investigate feed intake and feed digestibility and to investigate sheep growth following feed restriction. The experiment was conducted in The Experimental Farm of Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Unsoed. Twelve local sheep were randomly assigned to two different groups of treatment: namely, control (C) and restrictively Fed Animal (R). there were two periods through out the experiment, Period I (PI) and II (PII). During P I (6 week), Animals in group R were restrictively fed so that they lost live weight of approximately 15%. During P II Animals in group R were than offered ad libitum. Whereas, animal in group C were fed ad libitum through out the experiment. The results of this experiment showed that animals in group R needed 17 days for adaptation to consume feed at a normal amount after they had experienced feed restriction for 6 weeks. Dry matter intake was not different between group C dan R. However, when it was expressed per metabolic live weight (g/Kg0,75), Dry matter intake for group R was significantly higher than that for group C (102.35 vs 91,79). Dry matter digestibility value for group R was higher than that for group C either during PI (62 vs 57%) or during PII (70 vs 61%). The rate of live weight gain was not different between C and R during period II. In conclusion, local sheep had capability of consuming more feed after resumption of full feeding for 17 days. (Animal Production 2(2): 47-52 (2000) Key words : local sheep, dry matter, organic matter, period, restriction, digestibilit
Viabilility of Rams Epididymal Sperm after Preservation in Low Temperature (5oc)
No full textThe purpose of this research was to evaluate the viability of ram epididymal sperm collected from fresh caudal epididymis (H-0) or after storage in low temperature (5oC, in refrigerator) for one (H-1), two (H-2), and three (H-3) days. Collected sperm were diluted in modified Tris extender and they were preserved in refrigerator up to four days. The viability of diluted sperm was evaluated daily base on motility and sperm live. Results indicated that mean sperm concentration after sperm diluted with 0.05 ml Tris extender of caudal epididymis was 2745 million/ml. Sperm motility and percentage of live for H-0 (71.25% and 82.83%) and H-1 (70.00% and 79.17%) were significantly higher (P<0.05) than H-2 (61.25% and 69.83%) and H-3 (51.67% and 66.17%). Percentages of sperm motility and live of diluted sperm and preserved in refrigerator for H-0 were significantly higher (P<0.05) than H-1, H-2, and H-3. These results showed that epididymal sperm collected from caudal epididymis up to three days of preservation (without further storage of the diluted sperm) could be used for artificial insemination or in vitro fertilization programs. Diluted sperm of H-0 and H-1 could be preserved in refrigerator for two days and H-2 for one day. (Animal Production 6(1): 30-36 (2004) Key Words: Epididymal Sperm, Viability, Ram
The effect of Physiological NaCl Dilution levels and Storage Duration to Sperm Motility and Abnormality in Muscovy Duck
No full textThe aim of this research are to know the effects of physiological NaCl dilution levels and storage duration on sperm motility and abnormality of Muscovy duck. Materials which used in this research were semen that collected of 1 - 1,5 years of four Muscovy duck. Semen were treated by physiological NaCl dilution levels nol , three, six and nine and storage duration ( t0 = 0 minute t1 =45minutes and t2=90 minute). Replication was three tapping periode . The method of this research was laboratory experimental with Randomized Complete Blok Design (RBD) in Split Plot Design (SPD) pattern ,as main plot is Physiological NaCl dilation levels and as sub plot is storage duration. Result of the experiment showed that physiological NaCl dilution levels was very significantly influences on sperm motility (p<0,01) and significantly influences and sperm abnormality (p<0,05) . The storage duration was very significantly influences and sperm motility and abnormality (p<0,01) .Orthogonal duration polynomial assayed showed that the effect of physiological NaCl dilution levels to sperm motility had a linier regression line with the a equation as Y =69.94 - 2.65 X,  r=0,49 R2=0.24 with Y presented to sperm motility and X represented to physiological NaCl dilution levels sperm and effect of storage duration to sperm motility had a linier regression line with the equation as Y =74.24-0.35 X, r =0.73 R2=0.53 with Y represented to sperm motility and X represented to storage duration . The effect of physiological NaCl dilution levels to sperm abnormality had a linier regression line with the equation as Y =5.61+0.34X, r=0.52 R2=0.27 with Y represented to sperm to abnormality and X represented to regression line with the equation as Y =6.74+0.01X, r=0.24R2=0.060 with Y represented to sperm abnormality and X represented to storage duration. It is can be concluded that a higher physiological NaCl dilation levels and storage duration caused sperm to motility decreased and sperm abnormality increased. (Animal Production 3(2): 45-52 (2001)Key Word: sperm Muscovy duck
Extraction of Collagen from Chicken Feet with Various Acidic Solutions and Soaking Time
No full textThe objective of this research was to know the ability of various acidic solutions on dissolving collagen chicken feet, with different soaked time. Each acid 5 percent (v/v), collagen extraction was done by washing chicken feet and then cutted into small pieces and finally grinded. Every 100 gram treatment was soaked in acetic acid (a1), citric acid (a2), lactic acid (a3) and hydrochloric acid (a4), for 12, 24 and 36 hours. Precipitated collagen in the filtrate was 5 percent NaOH to reach the neutral pH (pH 7). Collagen precipitate was separated by filtration usingfilter paper and then rendement was calculated, HPLC was used to determin amino acid composition, and SDS-PAGE was use determin the type of collagen.  This experiment use factorial completely randomized design (CRD) 4 x 3 and three time replication.  Result showed that lactic acid has highest capability to dissolve collagen, while citric acid the lowest. Combination of acid solution and soaking time had significant (P<0.01) effect on dissolving collagen of chicken feet. Extracted collagen in all acid solution, hassame amino acid, composition but different in percentage of amino acid molecules. Collagen type in treatment combination was the same, but for soaking time of 36 hours revealed some peptide band. Lactic acid had highest capability of collagen extraction in chicken feet than citric acid, acetic acid and hydrochloric acid with soaking time of 12, 24 and 36 hours. It was estimated that extracted collagen can be grouped to type I consisted of two chain of a1. (Animal Production 9(2): 99-104 (2007)  Key Words : Chicken feet, acids, soaking time, collage
Casrea Engineering Based on Extruded-Cassava-Urea as Protein Supplement for Slow Release of Ammonia in the Rumen In Vitro
No full textCASREA is protein supplement (PS) based on extruded-cassava-urea as main materials. The objective of this study was to examine the CASREA characteristics by evaluating ammonia concentration (NH3), Volatile fatty acids (VFA), rumen microbial protein synthesis (RMPS), and protein digestibility post rumen (PDPR). Variables of NH3, VFA and RMPS were analyzed with a completely randomized design in factorial (4X3), namely CASREA as factor A, consisted of: Casrea1 (made from 32% urea and 58% cassava without extrusion), Casrea2 (extrusion 22% urea and 68% cassava), Casrea3 (extrusion 27% urea and 63% cassava), and Casrea4 (extrusion 32% urea and 58% cassava), whereas the factor B was incubation times, consisted of  2, 4, and 6 hours incubation time. Variable of PDPR was analyzed with a completely randomized design, and the treatments were Casrea1, 2, 3, and 4. Results showed that there were no interactions between CASREA and incubation time on variables of NH3, VFA, and RMPS. Extrusion on CASREA materials reduced (P<0.05) NH3 and VFA, but increased (P<0.05) RMPS and PDPR. The highest RMPS and PDPR were 29.04 mg and 76.16%, respectively and were attained by Casrea2.  Casrea1 had the highest NH3 (43.42 mM), whereas Casrea2 had the lowest (29.65 mM). Meanwhile, NH3 caused by Casrea2, Casrea3, and Casrea4 was 29.65, 30.54 and 31.44 mM, respectively and the increase these values were not significantly different. The concentration of NH3, VFA, and RMPS were stable on 4 hours incubation time. The present findings suggest that CASREA made from extrusion of 22% urea and 68% cassava as main materials was PS for slow release of ammonia (SRA) in the rumen due to reduction of NH3, but it improved the utilization of nitrogen for rumen microbial protein synthesis. (Animal Production 10(1): 34-41 (2008) Key Words: Extruded-cassava-urea, protein supplement, slow release of ammoni
Production Performance of Brahman Cross Steer Feed with Concentrate Containing Kapok Seed Meal
No full textThe research was conducted to investigate the weight gain and meat physical quality of Brahman cross steer (BX) fed with concentrate containing kapok seed meal (Ceiba pentandra). The research used 12 heads of two years age Brahman cross steer with body weight of 324 ± 11.29 kg. the steer were kept in individual barn and offered with concentrate containing three level of kapok seed meal. i.e: R1 (10%), R2 (20%) and R3 (30%). A completely randomized design with four replications was employed. Elephant grass (pennisetum purpureum) was fed along with concentrate in 20 : 80% ratio. A total amount of feed given to the cattle was 2.5 % of the body weight on the basis of dry matter and offered twice a day in the morning and the afternoon. Water was given ad libitum. Result showed that there was no significant different on daily gain and meat physical quality. Daily gain of R1, R2 and R3 was 0.73 kg, 0.84 kg, and 0.75 kg of respectively. There was significant different in carcass percentage i.e. 52.57, 50.84, and 48.58 for R1, R2 and R3 respectively. Physical quality of meat consisting of colour, pH, water holding capacity (WHC), cooking loss (CL) and tenderness indicated non significant effect. The pH value of observed muscle in Longisinus dorsi (LD), semitendinosus (ST), and bicep femoris (BF), was 5.80 (R1) 5.87(R2) and 5.81 (R3), meat colour score was 5.48 (R1), 5.58 (R2) and 5.59 (R3), water holding capacity % was 36.40 (R1), 39.66 (R2) and 34,09 (R3), and cooking loss (5) was 46.62, 44.17 and 46.19 for R1, R2 and R3 respectively. Result of meat tenderness (g/mm/second) was 57.84 (R1), 56.05 (R2) and 59.41 (R3). In relation to price, feed consumption, and daily gain indicated that feed cost per gain was Rp. 2.991.50 (R1), Rp. 2.638.50 (R2), Rp. 2.965.25 (R3), and income over feed cost was Rp. 818.25 (R1), Rp. 1.238.95 (R2), and Rp. 855.80 (R3) respectively. The result showed that the use of 20% of Kapok Seed meal in concentrate (R2), although there was no significant effect, gives the most efficient result. (Animal Production 7(3): 189-193 (2005) Key Words : Brahman Cross Steer, Body Weight, Meat Quality, Kapok Seed Meal
Non-Genetic Factors Influence on Doe Productivity Performance of Local Kejobong Goat under Village Production System
No full textPenelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui penampilan produktivitas induk kambing lokal Kejobong dan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor lingkungan (bukan genetik) yang berpengaruh terhadap produktivitasnya. Penelitian lapang pada sistim produksi ternak ruminansia kecil melibatkan 212 ekor induk kambing. Koleksi data meliputi jumlah kepemilikan, identifikasi induk, jumlah cempe saat lahir dan sapih, jarak beranak, bobot sapih cempe, dan produktivitas induk. Prosedur General Linear Model (GLM) melalui bentuk fixed model diterapkan untuk menguji faktor tipe kelahiran dan paritas terhadap penampilan produktivitas induk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rataan jumlah cempe saat disapih 1,6 ekor, jarak beranak 268 hari, dan produktivitas induk 26,65 kg/induk/tahun. Faktor non genetik (tipe kelahiran dan paritas) nyata berpengaruh terhadap penampilan produktivitas induk kambing. Jumlah cempe saat disapih beserta produktivitas induk nyata meningkat hingga paritas keempat kemudian berangsur menurun kembali, dan juga meningkat pada tipe kelahiran kembar dua dan tiga. Jarak beranak nyata lebih pendek pada tipe kelahiran tunggal dibanding pada kelahiran kembar dua maupun tiga, demikian pula peningkatan paritas nyata memperpendek jarak beranak. Â Peningkatkan produktivitas induk kambing direkomendasikan melalui usaha perbaikan pengelolaan, utamanya adalah memperpendek jarak beranak dan meningkatkan jumlah cempe hidup hingga disapih. (Animal Production 9(2): 123-128 (2007)Â Kata Kunci: Produktivitas induk kambing, jarak beranak, jumlah cempe saat disapih, tipe kelahiran, parita
Detection of Egg Production of Tegal Duck by Blood Protein Polymorphism
No full textThe aim of this research was to study the effect of transfferine, albumine, and haemoglobine loci to egg production characteristic of Tegal duck. 100 lying of Tegal ducks keeping by batteray-pen were used in this study. Individual egg production was recorded until period of 120 days. Blood protein polymorphism analysed by electrophoresis method, and blood sample taken from each ducks.. Egg production and transfferine albumine, and haemoglobine phenotipe on electrophoresis gel were observed in this study. Genotipe and gene frequencies and genetic variant were applied in data analysis. The result showed that (1) in the transferine locus were identified 3 aleles forming 4 genotipes (TfAA,TfAB, TfBB, and TfBC), (2) in albumine were identified 3 aleles forming 5 genotipes (AlbAA, AlbAB, AlbAC, AlbBB and AlbBC) and (3) haemoglobine locus were identified 6 aleles forming 4 genotipes ((HbAA, HbAB, HbAC, HbBB, HbBC dan HbCC). This study demostrated that B gene frequenci in transfferine, albumine and haemoglonine loci was highest than A and C gene frequency. Tegal Duck with AA genotipe on all loci had higher egg production than BB and CC homozigote. This research revealed that the most efective of selection method by haemoglobine protein polymorphism. (Animal Production 10(2): 122-128 (2008) Key Words: Tegal duck, egg production, selection, blood protein polymorphis