Animal Production (E-Journal, JAP)
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Effects of GnRH and PGF2ï¡ Injection on Progesterone Profile of Postpartum Dairy Cow
No full textA research of progesterone profile on postpartum dairy cows after GnRH and PGF2a treatment had been conducted to determine the skim milk progesterone profiles, which enhance ovarian activity in postpartum dairy cows. It is expected that by this treatment, the interval to first estrus could be reduced, and frequency of estrus and percentage of estrus expression could be increased. Twenty cows were randomly assigned to four treatment groups including Control group, which contain respectively 5 cows each group. Cow (n=5) in group I received 200 mg GnRH i.m. on days 10-14 p.p.; in group II received 15 mg PGF2a on days 20-24 i.m. p.p.; and group III received combination of both. The control group did not receive hormonal treatments. The research used multivariate, completely randomized design, univariate F-test and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. Results showed that the postpartum interval to first estrus was shorter in treated groups (I, 26 d; II, 22 d, and III, 24 d) as compared to control group (54 d, P< 0.05). The percentage of estrus increased (60%) in group II and III, but no significant differences were found between group I and the control group (40%). Our result suggested that the combination treatment of GnRH and PGF2a (GnRH + PGF2α) enhanced activity in the postpartum cows, resulting in improved reproductive performance. (Animal Production 10(1): 16-21 (2008) Key Words: GnRH, PGF2a , progesterone profile, postpartum dairy co
Effects of Fishmeal or Urea Supplementation on Ruminal Fibre Digestion and Passage Kinetics in Bali Cows
Get PDFFive non-pregnant Bali cows were used in a 5x5 latin square experimental design with the objective to study the effects of supplementation of graded levels of urea or fishmeal on fibre intake and digestion kinetics in Bali cows consuming low quality tropical grass hay. The animals were given ad libitum access to grass hay or supplemented daily with two levels of urea, i.e. 38 and 74 g, or two levels of fishmeal, i.e. 156 and 312 g. The measured parameters included were intake and apparent digestibility of DM and NDF, in sacco ruminal fibre degradation, and in vivo ruminal NDF digestion and passage kinetics. Intakes of DM and NDF were significantly improved by supplementation of both urea and fishmeal with fishmeal exerted a better effect at low level of supplementation. The increase of intake was mainly associated with the significant increase of rumen in sacco degradation of NDF. However, in vivo rumen digestions of NDF and DNDF were not significantly improved by supplementation due to the increased rumen pool of NDF after protein supplementation. As a result, rumen passage and digestion rates were not affected by supplementation. The effective level of fishmeal and urea supplementation to improve the intake of low quality fibrous tropical grass hay in Bali cows were 152 g/d and 74 g/d, respectively. (Animal Production 12(2): 74-81 (2010)Key Words: Bali cows, digestion kinetics, fishmeal, ure
Relationship between Facilities, Conditions, Member Participation, and Founding and Maintenance of Dairy Cattle Farmers Group with Entrepreneurship of Its Member in Banyumas Regency
No full textResearch was carried out for 12 weeks from May to June 2004 in Kecamatan Ajibarang, Cilongok, Kalibagor, Sokaraja and Purwokerto Timur. Aims of this research were (1) to find out level of entrepreneurship of dairy cattle farmers; (2) to find out relationship between facilities, conditions, member participation, and founding and maintenance of dairy farmers group with entrepreneurship attitude and income rate of its member. A total of 55 respondents (30% of the population) was selected using random sampling. Analysis of rank spearmann was applied to observe relationship between factors. Results showed that (1) entrepreneurship of dairy cattle farmers was on moderate category; (2) members entrepreneurship has not significantly related to factors of facilities, conditions, and member participation, but it has a significant relationship to group founding and maintenance. . (Animal Production 7(2): 111-120 (2005) Key Words: Entrepreneurship, Dairy cattle, Farmers grou
Biochemistry Characterization of Inhibin from Goat Granulosa Cells
No full textThe objective this research is to study the isolation and characterization of inhibin from goat granulosa cells. Sample of ovary collected from abbatoir of Sukun in Malang. Minimum diameter of follicle that can be used in this research is 3 mm. Granulosa cells Oocytes collection was done by aspiration method, and granulosa cells separate from oosit mechanically. Biochemistry characterization of inhibin was done by technique of SDS PAGE, biuret and PAS. The result of research confirmed that inhibin has molecular 32 kDa. Composition of protein, carbohydrate, and glikoprotein inhibin was 3.636±0,002; 2.569±0,002; and 6.205±0.016 mg/mL, respectively. (Animal Production 8(2): 100-107 (2006) Key Words: Inhibin, granulosa cells, oocytes, follicl
Increasing of Energy Quality of Waste Product with Trichoderma and Aspergillus
No full textBiomasa of agricultural residues are potensial as ruminant feeds. However due it is low palatability, digestibility and nutritive value limited their use. In order to improve their use, treatment need to be applied. Biological treatment by using microba seems to be an alternative because of their capability with no pollution problems. The first experiment aims to select the microorganism which have a potensial to degrade the crude fiber, based the production of reduction sugar. The second experiment aims to improve the protein and amino acid on rice straw, cassava, waste, and rice husk, by inoculated the starter of Candida utilis and or Sacharomyces cerevise. The second experiment has been conducted on Animal Nutrition and Feed Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Husbandry UNSOED for eight month Fermentation trial has been done in semi solid media, by the method of Kjic (1964), in Batch System, Variables measure were: (1) reduction sugar, (2) cellulose, (3) protein, (4) amino acids, (5) cellulase activity, (6) essensial mineral and (7) energy. Based on the all variables measured that were conclused that the quality of rice straw can be improved by mixed culture of T, viride – S. cerevise, the rice husk by A. niger – C. utilis, T. viride – C. utilis and A. niger – S cerevise while for cassava waste by A. niger – S. cerevise and A. niger – C. utilis  (Animal Production 1(1) : 10-16 (1999). Key Words: Waste Product, Energy, Microorganis
Survival of Lactobacillus plantarum Encapsulated with Skim Milk and Arabic Gum after Spray Drying and Its Viability during Storage
No full textTen isolates of Lactobacillus plantarum were selected for its survival after heating. Two isolates which showed the highest survival rate were then encapsulated with skim milk, Arabic gum and mixtured of skim milk - Arabic gum. The probiotic cultures were prepared in the form of suspension and biomass and then spray dried. Survival of the probiotic encapsulated in the form of biomass after spray drying, and the viability after one month of storage at room temperature were higher than the suspension. It was found that the survival of probiotic bacteria in different encapsulation materials varied after spray drying. The number of probiotic survivals decreased after spray drying for all encapsulation materials tested ranged from less than 1 log cycle to 2 log cycles. Encapsulation of probiotic with three types combination of encapsulating materials showed that no significant difference of survivals after spray drying and viability after one month of storage were observed. The remained number of the probiotic after one month of storage at 4oC and room temperature was 104-107 cfu/gand 102-105 cfu/g, respectively. (Animal Production 10(3): 179-187 (2008) Key Words: Encapsulation, probiotic, skim milk, Arabic gu
Technical Efficiency and Return to Scale of Dairy Farm in Sleman, Yogyakarta
Get PDFUsahatani sapi perah di Indonesia secara ekonomi mempunyai prospek yang bagus, karena produksinya belum mencukupi permintaan susu dalam negeri. Hal ini disebabkan usahatani tersebut masih berskala kecil dengan menggunakan teknologi yang masih tradisional, akibatnya tingkat produktivitasnya masih rendah. Kajian ini mengestimasi efisiensi teknis dan skala pengembalian, guna menemukan cara untuk meningkatkan produksi susu segar. Â Kajian ini mengambil tempat di Sleman, Jogjakarta tempat usahatani sapi perah yang potensial berada. Efisiensi teknis diestimasi menggunakan produksi frontir stokastik, dan skala pengembalian diestimasi menggunakan teknologi produksi Cobb-Douglas. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa produktivitas usahatani sapi perah secara signifikan dipengaruhi oleh variasi efisiensi teknis, dengan rata-rata 0,69. Oleh karena itu, masih ada kemungkinan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas usahatani sapi perah melalui peningkatan efisiensi teknis. Hal ini dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan jumlah sapi perah, atau skala usahatani. Pilihan ini sejalan dengan kondisi produksi susu segar yang menunjukkan skala pengembalian yang konstan. Jadi, meningkatkan skala usahatani adalah pilihan yang bijaksana karena pilihan tersebut tidak hanya meningkatkan tingkat produksi susu segar, tetapi juga meningkatkan produktivitas usahatani sapi perah. (Animal Production 8(1): 64-71 (2006)Â Kata Kunci : Usahatani sapi perah, efisiensi teknis, skala usahatani
Effect of Curcumma, Zn-Proteinate, and Cu-Proteinate Supplements on Milk Production of Subclinical Mastitis Fries Holland Cows
Get PDFThe objective of the research was to find out the effect of Curcumma, Zn-proteinate, and Cu-proteinate supplementation on subclinical mastitis status in term of 4% FCM milk production. The research was conducted using 24 heads of lactating dairy cows in Randomized Block Design with six treatments, and four groups of milk production as replication i.e. I= >14 kg/day ; II= 12-13.99 kg/day ; III= 10-11.99 kg/day; IV= <10 kg/day. Treatments were: R1 (Control); R2 (R1 + 2% Zn proteinate); R3(R1 + 2% Cu-proteinate); R4(R1 + 2% Curcumma); R5(R1 + 2% Zn-proteinate + 2% Cu-proteinate); R6 (R1 + 2% Zn-proteinate + 2% Cu-proteinate + 2% Curcumma). Parameters observed were 4%FCM milk production and subclinis status. The results showed that ration supplemented with Curcumma, Zn-proteinate, and Cu-proteinate decreased mastitis subclinic status and 4% FCM milk production increased significantly. Supplementation of Curcumma, Zn-proteinate, and Cu-proteinate resulted is the best for decrease in subclinical mastitis indicator and increase 4% FCM milk production. (Animal Production 12(1): 16-20 (2010)Key Words :  dairy cows, subclinic mastitis, curcumma, Zn-proteinate, and Cu-proteinat
Assessment of the Kid Production Traits of Kacang Goat under Smallholders Production System
Get PDFThe main objectives of this study were to assess the influence of environmental (non-genetic) factors on kid production traits of Kacang goat under smallholders production system. The study was conducted at the Kacang goat smallholders, located at the centre of Kacang goat in Gundi subdistric, Purwodadi regency, Central Java. The kid production traits evaluated are birth weight, weaning weight, and growth rate till weaning. The environmental factors assessed were: sex (male, female), type of birth (singles, twins, triplets) and dam’s parity (1-7). Data were analysed statistically according to the analysis of variance procedure using the General Linear Model (GLM). Least squares analysis revealed that dam’s parity, birth type, and sex of kid were significant sources of variation for birth and weaning weight and pre weaning growth in Kacang kids. The average birth weight, weaning weight and pre weaning growth of males (2.07±0.02 kg; 10.457±0.1 kg; 69.35±0.73 g/d) were found to be higher than females (1.95±0.02 kg; 9.15±0.09 kg; 60.73±0.71 g/d). Kid production traits increased with parity, with the largest values at the fourth parity and then slightly decreased thereafter. The average male and female birth weight (2.18+0.03 kg; 2.02+0.03 kg), weaning weight (10.72+0.11 and 9.39+0.13 kg) and pre weaning growth (71.63+0.79 and 62.21+0.96 g/d ) of single kids were heavier than twins, and triplets indicating the influence of the mothering ability of doe. It was recommended, the farmers should consider maternal ability for improvement of weaning weight and growth rate of Kacang kids. (Animal Production 12(2): 111-116 (2010)Key Words: Kacang goat, kid production, birth weight, weaning weight, growth rat
Microbial Protein Production and Nitrogen Balance of Local Steer Fed Ammoniated Rice Straws Added
Get PDFThe objective of the experiment was to investigate the kind of energy source feedstuffs on nutrient balance and microbial protein synthesis in local male beef cattle fed with ammoniated rice straws Twenty steers Peranakan Ongole (PO) with average age 1-2 years old were used. They were divided 5 groups based on initial body weight as block. Therefore, Completely Randomised Block Design (CBRD) was used for this experiment. Data were analysed by analysis variance and continued honestly significant different (HSD) to test the differences between means. The result showed that the range MCP and eficiency MCP were 154,61 g/d until 226,54 g/d and 54,08 gMCP/kg DOMR until 62,64 gMCP/kg DOMR. The range of nitrogen balance were 72,28 gram until 111,67 gram.  MCP and efficiency MCP were not affected (P>0,05) by the treatments but balance of nitrogen was affected (P<0,05). Diet containing fresh cassava waste as energy source (R2) was lower (P<0,05) than R1 and R4 while between R1,R3 and R4 was similar. This results indicate that feed source of energy (rice brand, wet cassava waste, dry cassava waste and corn) can be used in steers with rice straw ensilage as forage. (Animal Production 11(2): 116-121 (2009) Key Words : Microbial protein production,  nitrogen balance, rice straw, ensilag