Animal Production (E-Journal, JAP)
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Entrepreneur Behavior of Brolier Farmers in Banyumas
Full text linkEntrepreneurial behavior is a series of actions of business actors to freely combine innovative resources to identify and pursue opportunities. This behavior is influenced by self-efficacy, perceptions of supporting contexts and ability to control attitudes. This study aims to identify the extent of and contributing factors to entrepreneurial behavior of broiler farmers in Banyumas. The data were collected from a survey engaging 60 farmers-members of partnership farming. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistical and correlation analysis. The results showed that the entrepreneurial behavior of farmers was in high category with an average score of 65.45. Farmers have a high category of self-efficacy with an average score of 18.55. Farmers' perceptions of supporting contexts and the ability of farmers to control attitudes are in the medium category with an average of 30.04 and 33.70 respectively. There was a significant relationship between entrepreneurial behavior and self-confidence and perceptions of supporting context, but no significant relationship with the ability to control attitudes. The relationship between entrepreneurial behavior and farmer self-confidence is in the weak category, while the relationship between entrepreneurial behavior and farmers' perceptions of supporting contexts is in the moderate category
Development Strategy of Sustainable Beef Cattle
No full text The purpose of developing beef cattle farming is to increase the population and productivity of cattle products followed by increasing farmers’ income, creating jobs and improving the genetic quality of beef cattle. The problem is that beef cattle farms in North Sulawesi are carried out in traditional management instead of eco-friendly; they are mostly developed by grazing on agricultural land. This study aims to identify the potential strategies to support the development of eco-friendly beef cattle farms. This study used a survey to analyze the role, opportunities and challenges of beef cattle farms in North Bolaang Mongondow Regency. The locations were purposively sampled to include the central area for government-initiative beef cattle development i.e. Sangkub, Bintauna and East Bolangitan districts. The data were subject to internal and external analysis using IFAS matrix, EFAS matrix and SWOT analysis.The results showed that the actual beef cattle population could be increased to 1.37 times. Development is carried out with an orientation to environment and sustainability using LEISA concept. The development of beef cattle was in a condition dominated by strength (the strength value of 1.882 or 76.59%). Opportunities are more quickly responded in the face of the threat of beef cattle development (the opportunity value of 1.842 or 68.09%). In conclusion, the development of beef cattle has a role in increasing the income of farmers and has market opportunities and the challenges can be minimized by increasing the productivity and quality of beef cattle that are environmentally oriented. Technology introduction is needed for the development of sustainable beef cattle farms
Content of Prussic Acid and Production of Sorghum Brown Midrib by Adding Urea Fertilizer and Extending Harvesting Time
Full text linkAbstract. The aimed of this study to determine the effect of adding urea fertilizer (0, 50, and 100 kg/ha) and harvesting time (50, 80 and days) on prussic acid content and production of the brown midrib (BMR) sorghum plants. This study design was completely randomized factorial 3 x 3. The variables measured were prussic acid content, fresh yield, the production of dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM). The results showed that content of prussic acid increased and highly significant with the addition of urea. The fresh yield of BMR sorghum is highest in the fertilization of 50 kg/ha and at the harvesting time 80 days. The highest DM production at fertilization 0 kg/ha and harvesting time 110 day. OM production of the highest is the addition of fertilizer 0 kg/ ha and at the harvesting time on 80 days. From the results of this study concluded that on harvesting time 80 day sorghum BMR have produces optimum and addition of urea to a level of 100 kg/ha did not affect the content of prussic acid, fresh yield, DM and OM
Study of Local Herb Potency as Rumen Modifier: Red Ginger (Zingiber Officinale Var. Rubrum) Addition Effect on In Vitro Ruminal Nutrient Digestibility
Full text linkRed ginger is herb that commonly used as part of traditional medicine due to its essential oil content. Some essential oil have proven as rumen fermentation modifier. Addition of red ginger in ruminant diet was studied using in vitro gas production technique to evaluate its effect on nutrient digestibility. Red ginger meal was added to meet essential oil level in fermentation medium of 0 mg/l as control, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg/l. The diet consisted of Penisetum hybride, rice bran, wheat pollard in ratio 60:20:20 DM basis. Feed fermentation was incubated for 24 h at 39°C. At the end of incubation data of gas production volume was taken, and residual feed were collected for further nutrient analysis to calculate the digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP) and crude fiber (CF). Variance analysis was used to analysis collected data, followed by DMRT analysis. Addition of red ginger increase total volume of gas production at level 50 mg/L and above. DM and OM digestibility did not affected by red ginger addition whereas CP digestibility were significantly decreased start at level 50 mg/l. In contrast, CF digestibility of treatment level of 50 mg/l significantly higher than control. In conclusion, addition of red ginger correspond to level essential oil of 50 to 100 mg/l improve ruminal nutrient fermentation
Calves Productivity with Applying Integrated Village Management System (IVMS) and Rice-Straw Based Feed
No full textThe objective of the study was to assess the productivity of PO calves with Integrated Village Management System (IVMS). The calf management generally follows cow pattern. Â The IVMS management applied to calves include weaning 5-6 months and optimizing local feed. Straw-based cow feed with supplementation using greenfeed and concentrate. Recording productivity of calf include: birth, weaning, body weight, calf death calf mobilization. Weighing weight was done at birth, weaning, and every month in the first year of study and every 2 months in the next research year. Implementation of IVMS management with rice straw-based feed produces good PO calf productivity when supported by addition of other feed sources, i. e. feed with high protein composition (concentrate, legume) to balancing the nutrient composition of feed
Polymorphisme Gene GH and Morphological Characteristic of Anas platyrhynchos and Cairina moschata
Full text linkThe aims of this research was to identify the qualitative and quantitative difference of the phenotypes of native mallard and Muscovy, and Muscovy the genetic diversity between Muscovy and mallard using RFLP method with growth hormone primer (GH) gene. The materials were 30-week old male and female ducks from 5 strains—Magelang, Mojosari and Tegal ducks, white-feathered, and black and white-feathered Muscovy. Muscovy Completely Randomized Design was used to analyze parameters 5 strains of ducks based on gender and with 5 replications. The parameters measured were local and Muscovy duck phenotypes and genetic diversity (number of alleles) based on GH gene, heterozygosity and genetic distance. Qualitative properties were analyzed descriptively and quantitative properties were analyzed using Anova followed by HSD in case of significant differences, whereas RFLP analysis was used to determine the allele frequencies, genotype frequencies, genetic diversity, and genetic distance of local ducks. Result showed phenotypic differences between Anas platyrhynchos and Cairina moschata. The dominant feather colorof Muscovy was black and white while mallard was brown. The bill color Muscovy Muscovy was pink with dark brown but black in mallard. The dominant shank’s color in both Muscovy and mallard was black. Body size of mallard was larger than that of Muscovy Muscovy, and Magelang ducks weigherd more than Tegal and Mojosari Duck. The PCR-RFLP results showed lower heterozygosity of mallard compared to Muscovy based on GH gene, and genetic distance of the Tegal duck was closer to Mojosari and Magelang ducks, whereas Magelang and Mojosari ducks had a considerable genetic distance based on the GH gene
The Utilization of Agricultural and Food Industry Wastes as Feed of Grower Pigs in Manokwari Regency West Papua
Full text linkThe aim of this study was to find out the potential of agricultural and food industry wastes as the constituents of pig feed to improve pigs’ performance and to reduce the feeding cost. This study was conducted at Manokwari Regency, West Papua Province. The agricultural and food industry wastes were collected from two traditional market, and four small-scale food industries. All materials used as feed were proximately analyzed to determine their nutritional values. Average daily gain, feed consumption and feed coversion ratio were taken to determine the pigs performance. Feed cost using local market prices was estimated in knowing the ability of agricultural and food industry wastes to substitutes commercial feed. The result of this research indicates that the use of agricultural and food industries wastes as an alternative components of pigs’ feed to substitute the commercial feed do not reduce the pigs’ performance and production. Among three feeds that use of agricultural and food industry wastes, feed with the combination of 75% waste and 25% commercial feed had the best feed conversion ratio, namely 2.36. On the other hand, a mixture of 25% wastes and 75% commercial feed was the most economic one, and able to reduce the feeding cost of grower pig up to 48.00%.Key words: agricultural waste, food industry wastes, grower period, pig, fee
The Use of “Fermeherbafit†(Mixed Herbs) in Broiler Chicken Feed on Performance and Cholesterol profile
Full text linkThis research was aimed to imporve of broiler chiken performance and reduce the blood, meat and liver cholesterol levels.  This research used 100 female broilers MB 200 Platinum DOC which were reared for 5 weeks at battery-postal cages. The treatments were R0= control/ 0% fermeherbafit; R1= used 2% fermeherbafit;  R2= used 4% fermeherbafit; R3= used 6% fermeherbafit. The experimental design was carried out using a complete randomized design. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the use fermeherbafit did not showed any significant differences (P>0.05) in feed consumption, absolute growth, relative growth and carcas percentage. However, it showed  significant differences (P<0.05) in blood and breast meat cholesterols. The average for Performance (feed consumption by 3268.775±293.421 g/bird; absolute growth by 1684.92±126.12; relative growth by 0.3682±0.0019; carcas percentage by 74.61± 1.12%).  Blood cholesterol  89.20+12.76 mg/dl (R3) up to 111.80+17.02 mg/dl (R0); Breast meat cholesterol 150.03+11.64 mg/g (R3) up to 174.88+8.53 mg/g (R0); Leg meat cholesterol 173.00+7.21 (R1) up to 152.15+17.83 mg/g (R3); Liver cholesterol 83.37+31.01  mg/g (R0) up to 102.75+1.68 mg/g (R3). Conclusion of this research was that the Fermeherbafit could be used in broiler feed up to 6% which could reduce blood and breast meat cholesterols. Â
The Influence of Microclimatic Ammonia Changes in Closed House on Broiler’s Performance in Dry Season
Full text linkThis research aims at investigating the impact of microclimatic ammonia change on Broiler’s performance in closed house during dry season. Seven hundred and twenty broiler’s with their initial weight of 49.29 ± 1.13 grams are kept in a 60 x 12 m2 cage.The research consists of 4 treatments and 6 experiment units. The microclimatic ammonia change is measured at a distance of 0, ¼, ½, and ¾ of closed house’s length from the inlet. The parameters observed are feed consumption, body weight gain (BWG), feed convertion ratio (FCR), performance index (PI) and Income Over Feed Cost (IOFC). The obtained data are subjected to analysis of variance and several data related to microclimatic ammonia and heat stress index (HSI) are also calculted for their correlation to find out their correlation with the broiler’s’s performance. The research results indicate that the microclimatic ammonia change significantly reduces Broiler’s performance. This is shown by the significant increase of FCR value, decrease of feed consumption, BWG, PI and IOFC (P≤0.05) starting from a distance of ¼ of cage length from the inlet. The correlation analysis result shows a negative, significant correlation between performance with ammonia, while HSI does not show any correlation with the observed parameters. The conclusion of this research is that the increase in microclimatic ammonia at increasingly further distance from the inlet decreases Broiler’s performance in dry season
Physical and Sensory Quality of Broiler Meat as Influenced by Dietary Supplementation of Turmeric (Curcuma longa), Garlic (Allium sativum) and in Combinations as a Feed Additive
Full text linkThis research was conducted to evaluate the effect of turmeric water extract, garlic and combinations of turmeric and garlic as feed additives in broiler diets on the physical and sensory quality of broiler meat. During the study, the chicken were given 5 feeding treatments, i.e. R0 (basal ration without phytobiotic and antibiotics) , R1 (basal diet + 0.015% zinc bacitracin + 2.485% filler), R2 (basal ration + 2.50% TE), R4 Â (basal ration + 2.00% GE + 0.50% filler), and R5 (basal ration + 2.50% TGE). The base diet was composed of: yellow corn, meat and bone meal, poultry meat meal, soybean meal, oil, mineral mix, calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate, salt, L-lysine-HCl, and DL-methionine. Variables observed were physical quality (pH, water holding capacity, cooking lose, and tenderness) and sensory quality. Data regarding physical quality were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by the orthogonal contrast for significant results, and data of sensory quality by non-parametric methods such as the Hedonic Kruskal-Wallis test. The results showed that the physical quality of meat had no effect (P>0.05), except the significant water holding capacity (P0.05) following phytobiotic extract supplementation, except for the color and acceptability (P <0.05) in fresh broiler meat. The conclusion of the research was that 2.5% TE, 2.0% GE and 2.5% TGE is capable of acting as a feed additive to increase the physical and sensory quality of broiler meat