Animal Production (E-Journal, JAP)
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Timed Artificial Insemination: Pregnancy Rates in Sokoto Gudali Cattle Treated with Prostaglandin F2 Alpha at a Private Dairy Farm in Nigeria.
Full text linkPregnancy rates (PR) resulting from timed artificial insemination (TAI) with frozen semen were investigated in 192 Sokoto Gudali (SG) cattle following estrus synchronization under 11- and 12- day treatment intervals with prostaglandin F2 alpha (Estrumate®). Two-point inseminations at 60 h and 72 h post Estrumate® treatments were used. All cattle were randomly allocated to 2 groups i.e. A and B, such that each sub-group of A1, A2, B1 and B2 had sixteen (16) cows and thirty two (32) heifers. Furthermore, cattle in Groups A and B were administered double Estrumate® injections at 11- and 12-day intervals, respectively. Cattle in sub-groups A1 and B1 were inseminated at 60 h post second Estrumate® injection while A2 and B2 were inseminated at 72 h. Pregnancy was diagnosed using the 60-day non return to estrus and confirmed via rectal palpation at 90 days post insemination. The results showed the following PR: 33%, 83%, 33% and 33% for cattle in sub-groups A1, A2, B1 and B2, respectively. It is concluded therefore that timed artificial insemination at 72 h in SG cattle treated with double Estrumate® injections at 11-day interval produced the best pregnancy rate. These findings raises hope on the future application of TAI in breeding the SG cattle with  prostaglandin F2 alpha as single agent of estrus synchronization.     Â
The Capability of Canna edulis Ker Starch as Carboxymethyl Cellulose Replacement on Yogurt Drink During Cold Storage
Full text linkThe decreasing of yogurt drink quality will occur during storage. Stabilizer that usually used for maintaining the yogurt quality is a chemical compound namely carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Canna (Canna edulis Ker) potentially used as a natural stabilizer, which is a local Indonesian tuber with high starch content and antioxidative properties. The purpose of this study is to investigate the capability of Canna starch to replace the used of CMC based on the physicochemical and antioxidant activity of yogurt drink during cold storage. The complete randomized factorial design will be used with two factor. The first factor was Canna starch/CMC levels divided into 5 groups, T0 (0.2%CMC) as a control, T1 (0.15% CMC + 0.025% canna), T2 (0.1% CMC + 0.05% canna), T3 (0.05% CMC + 0.075% canna), and T4 (0.1% Canna), respectively. The second factor was the storage time of yogurt drink divided into four groups, 1, 7, 14 and 21 days, to determine the quality change during stored in the refrigerator at 4°C. Data obtained from the results of subsequent studies analyzed by GLM (General Linear Model) and followed by Duncan's multiple range test (DMRT). This study resulted that Canna starch has the capability as a natural stabilizer for producing functional yogurt drink with potential health benefits related to the high antioxidant activity. The combination of 0.1% CMC and 0.05% Canna starch addition on yogurt drink manufacture showed the best physicochemical qualit
Identification of Factors Contributed to Beef Cattle Reproductive Disorders in Ogan Komering Ulu Timur Regency (OKU Timur) of South Sumatra Province in UPSUS SIWAB Program 2018
Full text linkThe research entitled “Identification of Factors Contributed to Beef Cattle Reproductive Disorders in Ogan Komering Ulu Timur Regency (OKU Timur) of South Sumatra Province in UPSUS SIWAB Program 2018†was done on Semendawai Suku III and Semendawai Timur, OKU Timur regency, South Sumatra on October 10th until November 10th 2018. The purpose of this research is to identify the factors contributed to reproductive disorders of beef cattle, mapping the factors that affect reproductive disorders of beef cattle and generate strategies to improve reproductive performance of beef cattle in OKU Timur Regency. The targets in the study are 40 beef cattle breeders, 2 inseminators and 2 employees of the Local Office of Fisheries and Livestock Services of OKU Timur Regency.The research was done by survey, the method used was qualitative modeling with the Causal Loop Diagram (CLD). The variables observed in the study were variables related to reproductive performance consisted of Body Condition Score (BCS), Calving Interval (CI), Service per Conception (S/C), Conception Rate (CR) and variables related to factors indicated to have contribution to reproductive disorders such as farmer characteristics, resources owned by farmers and resources possessed by inseminators. The results showed that reproductive disorders of beef cattle in OKU Timur Regency included ovarian hypofunction, endometritis, pyometra, systolic ovary, silent heat, vulvitis, vaginitis, mummification and placental retention. The identified factors contributed to reproductive disorders are low quality and availability of feed, low breeders' knowledge, absence of postpartum treatment, limited medical supplies and quantity, unstandard technical implementation of artificial insemination, cross breeding of heifer, insufficient inseminator facilities. Strategies that can be done to improve the reproductive performance of beef cattle is to increase the role of the government in providing superior feed seeds and assisting by Universities; increasing the number of medicalsupplies and facilities, equip inseminator with sufficient facilities, and technical insemination and increasing the intensity of extension services to improve farmers' knowledge and utilization of potential agricultural waste with technology
In Vitro Evaluation of Hen Eggshells Addition in Rice Husk on Litter Properties
Full text linkAbstract. Ammonium (NH3) is released from uric acid of chicken feces. Good management practices are required to depress ammonium concentration in a litter. Several research findings showed that application of CaCO3 (calcium carbonate) can decrease ammonium concentration in a litter. Eggshell as a by-product of hennery (hen stable) and hatchery is mainly constructed from CaCO3. This research aimed to evaluate the addition of hen eggshell powder at different concentration in litter on water content, pH, microorganism, and NH3 concentration of litter. Rice husk as litter material, hen eggshell powder at a concentration of 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% and hen manure were thoroughly mixed. After 24 hours, the concentration of water content, pH, microorganisms amount and NH3 in each treatment were measured. This research was completely randomized designed with 3 repetitions. Results showed the progressive addition of hen eggshell powder in litter until 15% increased pH and decreased water content, number of microorganisms and NH3 concentration. The addition of 15% hen eggshell powder in litter revealed best litter properties.Keywords:Â ammonium, hen eggshell, litter, pH, water conten
The Influence of Internal and External Members Factors on The Sustainability of Cattle Farming in Jepara Regency, Central Java
Full text linkThe purpose of research is finding out the influence of internal factors and external members on the sustainability of livestock fattening beef cattle breeding business in Central Java jepara regency.This research was conducted in February until Juni 2017 in Jepara regency. The used of research method is survey. The research material is breeder as respondent wit the total of 250 people who are taken fromtaken from 3 districts and villages stratified random sampling based on the number of cattle fire pieces in the most district, medium and at least.The equipment used here is a questionnaire (questionnaire). The data analysis used here is regression followed by path analysis.The independent variables in this research are internal factors and external factors of members. The internal factors of the members consist of: members motivation (X1), membersknowledge (X2), members attitude (X3) and external factors of members consisting of: information exposure (X4), the role of instructorrole (X5), livestock performance (X6). The dependent variable is member sustainability (Y1). The results showed that simultaneously and partially the members motivation, members knowledge, members attitude, the instructorrole and livestock performance affect significantly on the groupssustainability variable
The Relationship between Human Being and Animal: The Study of the Concepts of Khalifah and the Animals in the Quran
Full text linkIslam does not only talk about the procedure of worshiping (ibadah), but also related to daily activities (muammalah), including how to treat animals. Understanding the relationship between human being and animals is the basis for further studies of animals in Islam. This study is library research using the descriptive-inferential method with the purpose to elaborate on the position of the animal against the human being based on the concept of the human being as khalifah. The Quranic verses about khalifah and animals in the Quran have been collected using thematic interpretation method of al-Farmawi. The data have been analyzed using philosophical and theological approaches to find the concept of khalifah and the position and the purpose of animal life in the Quran. The result showed that God gives rightful supremacy on earth to human beings for upholding God’s law and guiding the creatures to their purpose of creation, because of their blessed potentials i.e. emotion, intelligence, and natural disposition for grasping the truth and goodness (fitra). Human being has to treat animals in line with the objective of their creation, i.e. God’s creature, the Signs of God’s Power, viands for human being and the other creatures, ride, and the lesson of life
Potential of Parijoto (Medinilla speciosa) Fruits and Leaves in Male Fertility
Full text linkThe purpose of the study was to find out the potential of parijoto fruit and leaves qualitatively and quantitatively in male fertility. The content of fruits and parijoto were secondary compounds in the form of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, beta-carotene and antioxidants. Fertility is also needed in male animals. Decreased fertility in male cause a decrease in livestock productivity results in a decrease in gain from farmers. Handling of animals that occur after fertilization was usually carried out by injecting prostaglandin hormones. However, the relatively expensive price of hormones causes many farmers not to be able to buy. Another alternative that could cause a decrease in fertility was to use herbal plants, namely parijoto. The use of Parijoto plants was not certain which relevanted in fertility. Need to be tested first about phytochemical screening on parijoto leaves and fruit. The results of parijoto leaf and fruit analysis were qualitative and quantitative. The content of fruits and parijoto were secondary compounds in the form of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, beta-carotene and antioxidants. Parijoto fruits were founded flavonoids and saponins namely 3. 61% b/b and 3. 71% b/b. Total flavonoids and saponins in Parijoto leaves were 2.65% b/b and 4.19% b/b. Total antioxidants, total polyphenols, tannins in parijoto leaves and fruit respectively were 36.84 ppm; 3.95%; 3.52% and 20.06 ppm; 12.68%; 11.70%. The conclusion was that part of the parijoto fruit and leaf were the potential in male fertility. Key words: Antioxidants, Fertility, Flavonoids, Males, Parijoto
Hematology Profiles and Performance of Broiler Chickens Fed on Commercial Feed
No full textThe objective of this research was to investigate the effect of commercial feed on hematological and carcass profiles of broiler chickens. A total of 1800 day old chick (DOC) broilers were administered in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) furthered by Duncan test. The treatments consisted of Feed A, B, C, D, E, and F. The observed variables included hematology profiles (erythrocyte, hemoglobin, leukocyte, heterophil, lymphocyte, and monocyte) and performance (live weight, carcass percentage, breast, thigh, wings, shank, and head). The result showed that feed treatment did not significantly affect (P>0,05) hematology profiles and performance of broiler chickens, but significantly affected live weight (P<0,05). Conclusively, different types of commercial feed did not render physiological effect to DOC and safe for feeding until 35 days old to increase the live weight of broiler chickens
Consumer Preferences Towards Broiler Chicken Supplemented With Nanoencapsulated Liquid Turmeric Extract in Drinking Water
No full textThe purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of nanoencapsulation liquid turmeric extract (NLTE) supplementation as a phytobiotic on organoleptic quality of broiler chicken meat. The research was conducted with a directional pattern completely randomized design. Eighty-four broiler chickens were raised from day old (DOC) to 42 days old chick. From DOC to 14 days old, chicks were fed with commercial feed (ME 3,100 kcal/kg; CP 22%; Ca 1%; P 0.75%). During 15-21 days of age, chicks were given a mixture commercial feed and basalt feed (ME 3,201.77 kcal/kg; CP 20.21%; Ca 0.90%; and P 0.43%). At 22-42 days old, they were given treatments by basal feeding. Seven treatments were replicated 3 times consisted of 4 broiler chickens for each replication. The treatments were positive control (P1), negative control (P2), water + NLTE 2% (P3), water + NLTE 4% (P4), water + NLTE 6% (P5), water + NLTE 8% (P6), and water + NLTE 10% (P7). The results showed that supplementation NLTE significantly increased (P0.05) on the texture, colour, tenderness, and preference of meat
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the Use of Papaya Fruit Latex in Making Herbal Medicated Multinutrition Block as a Local Goat Feed Supplement
Full text linkThe use of papaya latex formulated with nitrogen supplementation and minerals in the form of multinutrition blocks that can pass through the rumen is expected to improve nutritional quality and feed digestibility. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of fermented rice straw, papaya fruit latex and blood clamshell flour as a main raw material in the manufacture of multinutrition blocks plus herbal anthelmintic medicine (papaya fruit latex) on physical quality (texture, color, aroma, hardness), chemical quality (proximate composition and mineral content of Ca, P, Mg, Cu, Zn). Microbiological tests were carried out on total bacteria, Salmonella and Escherichia coli. The research design used was a completely randomized design with 4 treatment levels of papaya fruit administration and 4 replications. Data is processed statistically using ANOVA. The results of organoleptic physical quality analysis showed significant differences in the texture of the product given the highest papaya latex (0.007ml / kg). Chemical analysis of the product showed a quantitative increase in protein, although statistically the treatment did not show any significant differences. The results of the analysis of the microbiological quality of the product quantitatively showed that the resulting multinutrition block herbs were not contaminated with negative bacteria. It was concluded that multinutrition block herbs can be given to livestock as supplementary feed