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Producing gRNAs for Use in CRISPR-Cas9 DNA Editing Applications via In Vivo T7 RNA Polymerase Transcription in Escherichia coli.
No full textThe development of the CRISPR-Cas9 system is widely considered to be a breakthrough advancement in gene editing. Compared to traditional technologies, CRISPR is generally regarded as the most accessible, effective, and precise tool for inducing stable and inheritable gene edits in vivo. The CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing complex relies on the complementary binding of guide RNAs to specifically target a DNA sequence for endonuclease cleavage and mutagenesis. The production of gRNAs for use in CRISPR applications can become exceedingly complex and costly, as in vivo methodologies generally require the use of RNA polymerases that interfere with gRNA sequence identity and in vitro methodologies rely on chemical synthesis by third party manufacturers. In this study, we present a novel methodology for the in-house synthesis of gRNAs. T7 promoter-gated gRNA-encoding plasmids are transformed into Escherichia coli, expressed via the E. coli’s natively expressed T7 RNA polymerase (which can transcribe RNA without interfering with sequence identity), and processed via RNA purification to isolate transcribed gRNAs. We determined that high quality gRNAs can be produced in high quantities using this method and can furthermore be used to direct in vitro Cas9 DNA digestion. We also attempted to utilize gRNAs produced via this methodology to promote in vivo CRISPR gene edits in Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes with suboptimal results. The results of this study serve to make Cas9-DNA editing applications more widely accessible, as they bear the potential to ease technical and financial barriers of entry that can dissuade scientists from utilizing CRISPR in their research studies
Determining the Utilization of Trial-Based Functional Analyses in a Clinical Setting
Get PDFThe functional analysis (FA) methodology is the gold standard of functional assessments to inform function-based interventions in applied behavior analysis. Behavior analysts report underuse of the FA methodology in clinical practice due to lack of time and resources and safety concerns. The trial-based FA (TBFA) is a brief form of the FA that is conducted in the natural environment and to date has mainly been conducted in classrooms. When compared with a standard FA, TBFAs take less consecutive time to complete, there are fewer instances of maladaptive behavior, data collection is simpler, and data analysis requires less expertise. The current study conducted TBFAs in a clinic setting and assessed social validity with behavior analysts. Results show that TBFAs identified a function maintaining problem behavior for 3/3 participants and function-based intervention was effective at reducing problem behavior. Results of social validity surveys show TBFAs combat some common concerns such as time and behavior analysts report intended use of TBFAs in the future. Together, this information expands the literature on TBFAs to a clinic setting and shows the feasibility and usability of TBFAs in clinical practice to inform function-based interventions
Leadership Self-Awareness: Important For You and Your Team
No full textUniversities such as Harvard Business School and many global organizations are beginning to understand the importance of soft skills, such as self-awareness, and the influences they have on leadership success. A leader’s leadership experience and whether they are a recipient of leadership coaching or not can influence their self-awareness levels as a leader. A leader’s self-awareness levels have influence on how effective they are with their verbal workplace communication, trust, and turnover intention among teammates. Though leadership and self-awareness are two well-known topics, the topic of leadership self-awareness is one that has not been thoroughly researched.
Better understanding if self-awareness differs between leaders based on their leadership experience and whether they are a recipient of leadership coaching or not as well as the affects a leader with or without self-awareness will have on their verbal workplace communication skills, trust, and turnover intention among their team will be addressed within this research. If decisionmakers within an organization can identify the effects leaders with self-awareness have and it can be measured, decision-makers would be better postured to implement quality leadership development trainings targeting the positive influence of a leader’s self-awareness before making a promotion. Self-awareness among leaders has been proven to lead to higher individual and organizational performance. Therefore, this research provides theoretical implications to gaps within the domain of leadership and self-awareness as well as self-leadership theory. Practical implications found in this research will assist leaders in having self-awareness which will lead to
higher personal and organizational performance
The Independent Ed. 10
Get PDFManaging Staff
Taylor Ingrassia, Editor-in-Chief
Charlize Asmar, Chief Creative Officer
Scott Novak & Mary Catherine Pflug, Co-Founders
Designers/Artists
Saxon Anderson, Em Nguyen, Arielle Junca, Peyton Poitras, Jeanie Liang, Harper White
Editors
Senior Editors: Aqsa Hasan, Alekhya Reddy, Mary Rust
Copy Editors: John Allen, Ellis Coffelt, Sarah Bradley, Emmy Shouse, Josh Camut, Danielle Sparrow
Contributors
Adrianna Arosemana, Maria Padilla, Hannah Rose Bridges, Robert Rands, Emily Dogbatse, Carly Richards, Liam Taylor King, Rowyn Sam, Alexander Knobloch, Fatima Sani, Alec Kriegbaum, Sophia Watson, Brendan Manning, Harper White, Riley Morton, Jackson Willis, Sarah Odgenhttps://scholarship.rollins.edu/independent/1018/thumbnail.jp
All my rowdy friends: the effect of Super Bowl hosting on audit and financial reporting timeliness
Get PDFPurpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact hosting the Super Bowl has on audit completion and financial reporting timeliness for companies headquartered in Super Bowl hosting cities. Design/methodology/approach
Using 16 years of financial reporting data, this study uses the Super Bowl and related activities, combined with required filings during “busy season,” as a natural experiment to examine how audit firms navigate short-term, exogenously imposed but anticipated, audit team capacity constraints. Findings
Companies headquartered in a city hosting the Super Bowl, during busy season, have longer audit report lags (by approximately three days, in comparison to non-hosting busy season audits) and less timely securities and exchange commission (SEC) (10-K) filings. The authors find no evidence that Super Bowl hosting affects audit fees or earnings announcement timeliness. Practical implications
When confronted with anticipated capacity shocks, audit firms take longer to complete the audit, absorbing the financial costs of the delay and maintaining audit quality, resulting in less timely financial reporting. Originality/value
This study demonstrates the costs of Super Bowl-related inefficiencies and contributes to our understanding of how auditors navigate capacity shocks. This study provides evidence that auditors can effectively manage business risk and continue to facilitate providing timely and accurate information to financial statement users in the face of a capacity shock
The Pocket Sky Atlas
No full textThe Pocket Sky Atlas by Stephanie Wolff is a carefully crafted book that begins with its design, featuring a small rectangular box that echoes the book\u27s cover material. Upon opening, readers encounter a title page and a poignant dedication that reads For all those who look up, setting the tone for a contemplative exploration of the sky.The interior of the book is thoughtfully designed, with monotype depictions of skies occupying the right-hand pages, accompanied by carefully selected quotes on the corresponding left pages. These quotes represent a diverse range of voices—from renowned historical figures to more obscure, everyday observers—creating a rich tapestry of human perspectives on the celestial landscape. Each sky is rendered in full bleed, using a palette limited to blue and gray, which creates a sense of simplicity and depth. The book\u27s innovative design includes a stepped foredge, where each page is slightly shorter than the one preceding it. This clever technique allows the edges of multiple skies to be visible when the book is first opened, creating a layered visual experience. A particularly engaging feature is found at the book\u27s conclusion: a pocket containing a volvelle. This spinning overlay reveals small, intricate portions of the sky, each meticulously matched to the interior page illustrations. This interactive element invites readers to engage more deeply with the visual narrative. Ultimately, the work is a profound meditation on the sky, celebrating humanity\u27s enduring fascination with and appreciation of the celestial realm throughout centuries of observation and wonder.https://scholarship.rollins.edu/book_arts/1151/thumbnail.jp
Framing Esports’ JEDI Issues: A Case Study in Media Irresponsibility
Get PDFPurpose: This investigation analyzes Asian, European, and North American coverage of esports’ justice, equity, diversity, and inclusion (JEDI) issues as a case study of media organizations’ communications on these topics.
Design/methodology/approach: This quantitative content analysis describes coverage of esports’ race, gender, age, and social class issues to draw inferences about media organizations’ abilities to meet their social responsibilities when reporting on organizational JEDI issues.
Findings: There were significant differences across continents; however, most stories only mentioned gender and age, seldom noting esports’ race or social class issues.
Research limitations/implications: Although all stories analyzed were published in English, the findings extend research suggesting culture may shape the tones, frames, and salience of social justice issues in the media.
Practical implications: JEDI issues were not the most prominent topic in at least 80% of the coverage, indicating the normative framework guiding professional journalism since the Cold War fails to guide responsible engagement with contemporary social justice issues.
Originality/value: As one of the first studies analyzing media coverage of organizational JEDI issues, the results of this content analysis (N = 763) provide a quantitative basis for a critique of media organizations’ social responsibility when reporting on these issues